Exercise Improves Cancer-free Survival and Health Span in a Model of Radiation-induced Cancer.
Med Sci Sports Exerc
; 53(11): 2254-2263, 2021 11 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34081060
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Radiation therapy increases the risk of secondary malignancy and morbidity in cancer survivors. The role of obesity and exercise training in modulating this risk is not well understood. As such, we used a preclinical model of radiation-induced malignancy to investigate whether diet-induced obesity and/or endurance exercise training altered lifelong survival, cancer incidence, and morbidity.METHODS:
Male CBA mice were randomly divided into control diet/sedentary group (CTRL/SED), high-fat diet (45% fat)/sedentary group (HFD/SED), control diet/exercise group (2-3 d·wk-1; CTRL/EX), or high-fat diet/exercise group (HFD/EX) groups then exposed to whole-body radiation (3 Gy). End point monitoring and pathology determined mortality and cancer incidence, respectively. Health span index, a measure of morbidity, was determined by a composite measure of 10 anthropometric, metabolic, performance, and behavioral measures.RESULTS:
Overall survival was higher in HFD/SED compared with CTRL/SED (P < 0.05). The risk of cancer-related mortality by 18 months postradiation was 1.99 and 1.63 in HFD/SED compared with CTRL/EX (RR = 1.99, 95% confidence interval = 1.20-3.31, P = 0.0081) and CTRL/SED (RR = 1.63, 95% confidence interval = 1.06-2.49, P = 0.0250), respectively. The number of mice at end point with cancer was higher in HFD/SED compared with CTRL/EX and CTRL/SED (P < 0.05). Health span index was highest in CTRL/EX (score = +2.5), followed by HFD/EX (score = +1), and HFD/SED (score = -1) relative to CTRL/SED.CONCLUSION:
This work provides the basis for future preclinical studies investigating the dose-response relationship between exercise training and late effects of radiation therapy as well as the mechanisms responsible for these effects.
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Intervalo Livre de Doença
/
Terapia por Exercício
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Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article