The Characteristics of Iodine Nutrition Status in China After 20 Years of Universal Salt Iodization: An Epidemiology Study Covering 31 Provinces.
Thyroid
; 31(12): 1858-1867, 2021 12.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34806437
ABSTRACT
Background:
Despite the implementation of the universal salt iodization (USI) program for correction of iodine deficiency in China for â¼20 years, the actual iodine nutrition status of Chinese residents and the prevalence of iodine deficiency and iodine excess are issues that need to be addressed. This nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted across all 31 provinces of mainland China to gather extensive data on iodine nutrition status and the influential factors.Methods:
This study included 78,470 participants, aged 18 years or older, who were interviewed and asked to answer a questionnaire. Urine iodine concentration (UIC) was measured by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method, and goiter was examined by thyroid ultrasonography. In addition, sixty 9-11 years old school children in each province were randomly selected to evaluate the UIC and thyroid ultrasonography. The iodine nutrition status was determined according to the World Health Organization guidelines.Results:
The iodized salt coverage was 95.37%. The median urine iodine (MUI) was 177.89 µg/L (interquartile range [IQR], 117.89-263.90 µg/L) and goiter prevalence was 1.17% (confidence interval [95% CI 0.95-1.43]) in the adult population. The MUI was 199.75 µg/L (IQR, 128.41-303.37 µg/L) in school-age children, and goiter prevalence was 3.50% [95% CI, 2.93-4.13]. The percentage of individuals with UIC <50 µg/L was 3.43%, <20%. Analysis indicated that sex, age, geographic factors, body mass index, and smoking habits influence the iodine nutrition level.Conclusion:
The mandatory USI program has successfully eliminated iodine deficiency disorders, and the findings indicate that the iodine nutrition level in the general population is within the safe range.Palavras-chave
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Estado Nutricional
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Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta
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Bócio
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Iodo
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article