Evaluation of minimally invasive surgical reduction of sacroiliac luxation in toy breed dogs: a cadaver study.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) technique of sacroiliac luxation in toy breed dogs using cannulated screws has not been described. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of pelvic canal recovery, the reproducibility of successful surgery outcomes, and the acceptable difficulty of the procedure in MIS of sacroiliac luxation in toy breed dogs. METHODS: MIS using 2.3-mm cannulated screws was demonstrated in 12 toy breed dog cadavers with sacroiliac luxation artificially induced. Pre and postoperative radiographs were used to evaluate the pelvic canal diameter ratio (PCDR), hemipelvic canal width ratio (HCWR), and reduction rate. Dorsoventral angle (DVA) and craniocaudal angle (CCA) of the inserted screw were obtained postoperative computed tomographic scan. RESULTS: The statistically significant difference between the mean pre and postoperative PCDR was found (1.10 ± 0.12 and 1.26 ± 0.11, respectively; p = 0.002), and the mean HCWR close to 1.0 meaning symmetric pelvis also was obtained (0.97 ± 0.07). The mean DVA and CCA were 2.26° ± 1.33° and 2.60° ± 1.86°, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MIS of sacroiliac luxation using 2.3-mm cannulated screws is applicable to toy breed dogs with acceptable difficulty.