Immunogenic Cell Death, DAMPs and Prothymosin α as a Putative Anticancer Immune Response Biomarker.
Cells
; 11(9)2022 04 22.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35563721
ABSTRACT
The new and increasingly studied concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) revealed a previously unknown perspective of the various regulated cell death (RCD) modalities, elucidating their immunogenic properties and rendering obsolete the notion that immune stimulation is solely the outcome of necrosis. A distinct characteristic of ICD is the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by dying and/or dead cells. Thus, several members of the DAMP family, such as the well-characterized heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP70 and HSP90, the high-mobility group box 1 protein and calreticulin, and the thymic polypeptide prothymosin α (proTα) and its immunoreactive fragment proTα(100-109), are being studied as potential diagnostic tools and/or possible therapeutic agents. Here, we present the basic aspects and mechanisms of both ICD and other immunogenic RCD forms; denote the role of DAMPs in ICD; and further exploit the relevance of human proTα and proTα(100-109) in ICD, highlighting their possible clinical applications. Furthermore, we present the preliminary results of our in vitro studies, which show a direct correlation between the concentration of proTα/proTα(100-109) and the levels of cancer cell apoptosis, induced by anticancer agents and γ-radiation.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Timosina
/
Morte Celular Imunogênica
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article