Stakeholder insights into athlete attrition in the high-performance pathway.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Primary To gain a system-wide perspective on factors leading to athlete attrition from a high-performance sport system (HPSS). Secondary To identify what a sample of system-wide stakeholders and past athletes value as the most important and feasible attrition factors to address to retain talented athletes. DESIGN: Mixed-methods. METHODS: Concept mapping was used for qualitative data collection and quantitative data analysis. Sixty-one participants including (i) past athletes from an Australian state sporting institute; (ii) their families; and (iii) internal and external stakeholders to a HPSS who supported past athletes. RESULTS: Participants brainstormed 83 unique statements (i.e. attrition factors) that were mapped into 13 clusters of attrition factors following multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis performed on the participants sorting data 'abuse and mismanagement of health'; 'athlete health'; 'limited support/resourcing'; 'coaching'; 'inconsistent processes'; 'financial and career support'; 'pathway structure'; 'organisational dynamics'; 'competitive stress'; 'performance potential'; 'challenges with selection and transition'; 'psychological state'; and 'competing non-sport priorities'. 'Abuse and mismanagement of health' had the highest mean importance (3.76 out of 5) and feasibility (3.31) rating. The 13 clusters were further grouped into four overarching domains 'sport system policy, structure and processes'; 'pathway structure, transition and support'; 'individual athlete health and capability'; and 'whole-of-life demands and priorities'. The domain 'sport system policy, structure and processes' contained the most important and feasible clusters. CONCLUSIONS: Macro (system-level) and micro (intrapersonal and interpersonal) level athlete attrition factors should be considered together. Athlete health was considered the most important athlete retention issue to address.