Food Insecurity and Adequacy of Dietary Intake in Youth and Young Adults With Youth-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.
J Acad Nutr Diet
; 123(8): 1162-1172.e1, 2023 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36990427
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Household food insecurity is associated with poor dietary intake in the general population, but little is known about this association in persons with diabetes.OBJECTIVE:
We examined the degree of adherence to the dietary reference intakes and 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans overall and according to food security status and diabetes type among youth and young adults (YYA) with youth-onset diabetes. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, ANDSETTING:
The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study includes 1,197 YYA with type 1 diabetes (mean age = 21 ± 5 years) and 319 YYA with type 2 diabetes (25 ± 4 years). Participants (or parents if younger than age 18 years) completed the US Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Survey Module, wherein ≥3 affirmations indicate food insecurity. MAIN OUTCOMEMEASURES:
Diet was assessed via food frequency questionnaire and compared with age- and sex-specific dietary reference intakes for 10 nutrients and dietary components (calcium; fiber; magnesium; potassium; sodium; vitamins C, D, and E; added sugar; and saturated fat). STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Median regression models controlled for sex- and type-specific means for age, diabetes duration, and daily energy intake.RESULTS:
Prevalence of guideline adherence was overarchingly poor, with <40% of participants meeting recommendations for eight of 10 nutrients and dietary components; however, higher adherence (>47%) was observed for vitamin C and added sugars. YYA with type 1 diabetes who were food insecure were more likely to meet recommendations for calcium, magnesium, and vitamin E (P < 0.05), and less likely for sodium (P < 0.05) than those with food security. In adjusted models, YYA with type 1 diabetes who were food secure had closer median adherence to sodium (P = 0.002) and fiber (P = 0.042) guidelines than those food insecure. No associations were observed in YYA with type 2 diabetes.CONCLUSIONS:
Food insecurity is associated with lesser adherence to fiber and sodium guidelines in YYA with type 1 diabetes, which may lead to diabetes complications and other chronic diseases.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article