A SCARE-compliant case report of recurrent meningioma in a 75-year-old patient after 10 years of surgical resection.

Meningiomas are intracranial extracerebral tumors derived from arachnoid cells of the neural crest. They represent ∼20% of primary intracranial tumors and are seen as more common in elderly patients and women. Recurrence of meningioma can be observed during the early years after surgical treatment, but their occurrence within 10 years is rare. Case presentation: In this report, the authors discuss a case of a 75-year-old patient with a recurrence of a frontal meningioma after 10 years of successful surgical resection. Our patient was a female who presented amnesia and memory lapses associated with several weeks of progressive heaviness of the lower limbs accompanied by speech heaviness, intense headaches, asthenia, consciousness disorder, and tonic-clonic convulsive seizures for 10 days. The patient had previously been treated for a benign meningioma by surgical excision. Imaging was performed, and recurrent frontal meningioma was retained as a final diagnosis. The patient underwent a successful total resection of her frontal tumor. Clinical discussion: Recurrent tumors after complete surgical removal of meningiomas are rare and may be associated with microscopic residues. The more radical the surgery, the lower the risk of observing a recurrence. Adjuvant radiotherapy can be proposed, but the evidence is still lacking. Careful follow-up of all patients with or without complete surgical resection is therefore recommended. Conclusion: This case illustrates the importance of suspecting recurrence of meningioma in adult patients after successful surgical excision, even after 10 years of free disease. Clinicians should be aware of long-term meningioma recurrence in this population, and imaging is key for a positive diagnosis.