[Skin aging-cellular senescence : What is the future?] / Hautalterung ­ zelluläre Seneszenz : Wohin geht die Reise?

BACKGROUND: Cellular senescence is the main cause of skin and organ aging and is associated with a wide range of aging-related diseases. OBJECTIVES: To understand which senolytics, senomorphics, and cell-based therapies have been developed to alleviate and even rejuvenate skin aging and reduce cellular senescence. METHODS: Basic literature for the mode of action of senolytics and senomorphics and their clinical perspectives in daily routine are discussed. RESULTS: Various causes lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and the activation of pro-aging signaling pathways, which eventually lead to cellular senescence with degradation of structural proteins of the dermal connective tissue and severe suppression of regenerative stem cell niches of the skin. CONCLUSIONS: Depletion of senescent cells suppress skin aging and enforce rejuvenation of skin and other organs and their function. The removal of senescent cells by cells of the native immune system is severely disturbed during aging. Selected senolytics and senomorphics are approved and are already on the market.