The long-term spatial and temporal distributions of polychlorinated naphthalene air concentrations in Fildes Peninsula, West Antarctica.
J Hazard Mater
; 463: 132824, 2024 02 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37890383
ABSTRACT
The knowledge of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in the Antarctic atmosphere is quite limited compared to the Arctic. PCNs are a global concern because of their PBT characteristics (i.e., persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic) and severe and often deadly biological effects on people and other animals. Therefore, the present study used a passive air sampling method to conduct long-term air monitoring of PCNs for almost a decade from 2013 to 2022, specifically on Fildes Peninsula, situated on King George Island, located in West Antarctica. The median sum of mono-CNs to octa-CN concentration (∑75PCNs) in the Antarctic atmosphere was 12.4 pg/m3. In terms of homologues, mono-CNs to tri-CNs predominated. Among these, the prevalent congeners observed were PCN-1 and PCN-2, originating from mono-CNs, followed by PCN-5/7 from di-CNs, and PCN-24/14 from tri-CNs, respectively. Between 2013 and 2022, the total levels of PCNs were found to have decreased approximately fourfold. Ratio analyses and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the long-range atmospheric transport and combustion-related sources as the potential PCN sources in the study area. This paper provides the most up-to-date temporal trend analysis of PCNs in the Antarctic continent and is the first to document all 75 congeners (mono-CNs to octa-CN homologue groups).
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MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluentes Atmosféricos
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article