Lobectomy for Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula in a Patient With Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Rendu-Osler-Weber disease (Osler's disease) is the most common cause of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. We report a case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula associated with Osler's disease that was treated by lobectomy. CASE REPORT: A 44-year-old man with Osler's disease presented with respiratory distress. Computed tomography showed a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, which had a 26-mm-long diameter in S6 of the left lung. Transcatheter treatment had a high risk of recurrence, and surgery was indicated. The pulmonary arteriovenous fistula was found at the beginning of A6. A6 and the basilar artery were cut together with a stapler. The postoperative course was uneventful, and respiratory distress symptoms improved with no recurrence. CONCLUSION: We report a case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula caused by Osler's disease treated by lobectomy. Although transcatheter treatment is the mainstream treatment for pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas, surgical resection may be effective depending on the size of the lesion.