Reducing the rate of surgical site infection using iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision draping in spine surgery compared with standard adhesive incision draping: a study in 2279 patients.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: While adhesive incision drapes are widely used for reducing surgical site infection (SSI), evidence remains scarce on whether impregnated adhesive incision draping can further reduce the rate of SSI in spine surgery. METHODS: All patients treated surgically in the authors' high-volume university spine center from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively evaluated and divided into cohorts treated before (the control cohort) and after (the study cohort) introduction of an iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision drape (instead of a standard nonimpregnated adhesive incision drape) at their institute. Epidemiological aspects, baseline characteristics, operative records, and rate and characteristics of postoperative SSI were analyzed and compared between cohorts. RESULTS: Two thousand two hundred seventy-nine consecutively treated patients were included, with an overall SSI rate of 0.5%. Baseline patient findings and surgical characteristics (including indication, localization, procedure, and duration of surgery) did not significantly differ between the 1125 patients in the control cohort and the 1154 patients in the study cohort. Uni- and multivariate analyses showed that use of an iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision drape was the only factor significantly associated with a lower risk of SSI. The SSI rate was significantly lower in the study cohort (0.2% vs 0.8%, p = 0.036). While germs of the skin microbiome such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus were predominantly prevalent in both cohorts, fecal germs such as Enterococcus/Enterobacter species were found only in the control cohort and not in the study cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The use of iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision drapes in spine surgery can help to lower the rate of postoperative SSI and aid in reducing the risk of fecal germ infections.