Enterococcus faecium inhibits NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1ß signaling pathway and antagonizes Salmonella-mediated inflammatory response.

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study explored the protective effect of Enterococcus faecium as a probiotic against Salmonella typhimurium infection. Materials & methods: The protective role of E. faecium against tissue damage by S. typhimurium infection and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins were detected by histological observation, real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical methods. Results: E. faecium demonstrated a regulatory function that affected the expression of Claudin-1 and enhanced tight junctions, suppressed the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1ß signaling pathway and reduced the release of IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, TLR4 and MYD88 and inflammatory damage to tissues by S. typhimurium in the duodenum, cecum and colon of mice. Conclusion: E. faecium antagonized S. Typhimurium alleviating inflammatory injury in mice through the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1ß signaling pathway.