Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone reduces extracellular Aß(25-35) peptide aggregation and fibrillation and also protects Neuro 2a cells from Aß(25-35) induced neuronal dysfunction.

ABSTRACT

In the present study, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone (HMC) against the neurotoxicity induced by Aß(25-35) peptide. HMC demonstrated higher free-radical scavenging activity than Hesperidin in initial cell-free studies. Investigations using the fluorescent dye thioflavin T with Aß(25-35) peptide showed that HMC has the ability to combat extracellular amyloid aggregation by possessing anti-aggregation property against oligomers and by disaggregating mature fibrils. Also, the results of the molecular simulation studies show that HMC ameliorated oligomer formation. Further, the anti-Alzheimer's property of HMC was investigated in in vitro cell conditions by pre-treating the neuro 2a (N2a) cells with HMC before inducing Aß(25-35) toxicity. The findings demonstrate that HMC increased cell viability, reduced oxidative stress, prevented macromolecular damage, allayed mitochondrial dysfunction, and exhibited anticholinesterase activity. HMC also reduced Aß induced neuronal cell death by modulating caspase-3 activity, Bax expression and Bcl2 overexpression, demonstrating that HMC pre-treatment reduced mitochondrial damage and intrinsic apoptosis induced by Aß(25-35).In silico evaluation against potential AD targets reveal that HMC could be a potent inhibitor of BACE-1, inhibiting the formation of toxic Aß peptides. Overall, the findings imply that the neuroprotective efficacy of HMC has high prospects for addressing a variety of pathogenic consequences caused by amyloid beta in AD situations and alleviating cognitive impairments.