Focus areas and methodological characteristics of North American-based health disparity research in sports medicine: a scoping review.
Br J Sports Med
; 58(3): 164-171, 2024 Feb 07.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38216322
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Health disparities are widely prevalent; however, little has been done to examine and address their causes and effects in sports and exercise medicine (SEM). We aimed to summarise the focus areas and methodology used for existing North American health disparity research in SEM and to identify gaps in the evidence base.DESIGN:
Scoping review. DATA SOURCES Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Full-text, peer-reviewed manuscripts of primary research, conducted in North America; published in the year 2000 or after, in English; and focusing on organised sports were included.RESULTS:
103 articles met inclusion criteria. Articles were classified into five focus areas access to and participation in sports (n=45), access to SEM care (n=28), health-related outcomes in SEM (n=24), provider representation in SEM (n=5) and methodology (n=1). Race/ethnicity (n=39), socioeconomic status (n=28) and sex (n=27) were the most studied potential causes of health disparities, whereas sexual orientation (n=5), location (rural/urban/suburban, n=5), education level (n=5), body composition (n=5), gender identity (n=4) and language (n=2) were the least studied. Most articles (n=74) were cross-sectional, conducted on youth (n=55) and originated in the USA (n=90).CONCLUSION:
Health disparity research relevant to SEM in North America is limited. The overall volume and breadth of research required to identify patterns in a heterogeneous sports landscape, which can then be used to inform positive change, need expansion. Intentional research focused on assessing the intersectionality, causes and consequences of health disparities in SEM is necessary.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Medicina Esportiva
/
Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article