ADAMTS-13: A Prognostic Biomarker for Portal Vein Thrombosis in Japanese Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.

ABSTRACT

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT), one of the most prevalent hepatic vascular conditions in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), is associated with high mortality rates. An imbalance between a disintegrin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 motifs 13 (ADAMTS-13) enzyme and von Willebrand factor (VWF) is responsible for hypercoagulability, including spontaneous thrombus formation in blood vessels. Herein, we aimed to identify potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in Japanese patients with LC and PVT. In total, 345 patients were divided into two groups 40 patients who developed PVT (PVT group) and 305 who did not develop PVT (NPVT group). Among the 345 patients with LC, 81% (279/345) were deemed ineligible due to the presence of preventive comorbidities, active or recent malignancies, and organ dysfunction. The remaining 66 patients were divided into two groups the PVT group (n = 33) and the NPVT group (n = 33). Plasma ADAMTS-13 activity (ADAMTS-13AC) and the vWF antigen (VWFAg) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Contrast-enhanced, three-dimensional helical computed tomography (CT) was used to detect and characterize PVT. ADAMTS-13AC was significantly lower in the PVT group than in the NPVT group. No significant differences in plasma vWFAg or liver stiffness were observed between the two groups. ADAMTS-13AC of <18.8 was an independent risk factor for PVT on multivariate analyses (odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.00, p < 0.002). The receiver operating characteristic analysis of ADAMTS-13AC revealed an area under the curve of 0.913 in PVT detection. Patients with PVT having ADAMTS-13AC ≥18.8 (n = 17) had higher albumin levels and better prognoses than those with ADAMTS-13AC <18.8 (n = 16). No significant correlations of ADAMTS-13AC levels with either fibrin degradation product or D-dimer levels were observed. ADAMTS-13AC levels could be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PVT in Japanese patients with LC.