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"Caught in Each Other's Traps": Factors Perpetuating Incentive-Linked Prescribing Deals Between Physicians and the Pharmaceutical Industry.
Khan, Mishal Sameer; Rahman-Shepherd, Afifah; Noor, Muhammad Naveed; Siddiqui, Amna Rehana; Goodman, Catherine; Wiseman, Virginia; Isani, Afshan Khurshid; Aftab, Wafa; Sharif, Sabeen; Shakoor, Sadia; Siddiqi, Sameen; Hasan, Rumina.
Afiliação
  • Khan MS; Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
  • Rahman-Shepherd A; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Noor MN; Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Siddiqui AR; Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
  • Goodman C; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Wiseman V; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Isani AK; Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Aftab W; Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
  • Sharif S; Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
  • Shakoor S; The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Siddiqi S; TB Control Program, Health Department, Government of Sindh, Sindh, Pakistan.
  • Hasan R; Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Int J Health Policy Manag ; 13: 8213, 2024.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38618843
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Despite known adverse impacts on patients and health systems, "incentive-linked prescribing," which describes the prescribing of medicines that result in personal benefits for the prescriber, remains a widespread and hidden impediment to quality of healthcare. We investigated factors perpetuating incentive-linked prescribing among primary care physicians in for-profit practices (referred to as private doctors - PDs), using Pakistan as a case study.

METHODS:

Our mixed-methods study synthesised insights from a survey of 419 systematically sampled PDs and 68 semi-structured interviews with PDs (n=28), pharmaceutical sales representatives (SRs) (n=12), and provincial and national policy actors (n=28). For the survey, we built a verified database of all registered PDs within Karachi, Pakistan's most populous city, administered an electronic questionnaire in-person and descriptively analysed the data. Semi-structured interviews incorporated a vignette-based exercise and data was analysed using an interpretive approach.

RESULTS:

Our survey showed that 90% of PDs met pharmaceutical SRs weekly. Three interlinked factors perpetuating incentive-linked prescribing we identified were gaps in understanding of conflicts of interest and loss of values among doctors; financial pressures on doctors operating in a (largely) privately financed health-system, exacerbated by competition with unqualified healthcare providers; and aggressive incentivisation by pharmaceutical companies, linked to low political will to regulate an over-saturated pharmaceutical market.

CONCLUSION:

Regular interactions between pharmaceutical companies and PDs are normalised in our study setting. Progress on regulating these is hindered by the substantial role of incentive-linked prescribing in the financial success of physicians and pharmaceutical industry employees. A first step towards addressing the entrenchment of incentive-linked prescribing may be to reduce opposition to restrictions on incentivisation of physicians from stakeholders within the pharmaceutical industry, physicians themselves, and policy-makers concerned about curtailing growth of the pharmaceutical industry.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Padrões de Prática Médica / Conflito de Interesses / Indústria Farmacêutica Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Padrões de Prática Médica / Conflito de Interesses / Indústria Farmacêutica Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article