Estimated Number of Children Who Lost a Parent to Drug Overdose in the US From 2011 to 2021.
JAMA Psychiatry
; 2024 May 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38717781
ABSTRACT
Importance Parents' overdose death can have a profound short- and long-term impact on their children, yet little is known about the number of children who have lost a parent to drug overdose in the US. Objective:
To estimate the number and rate of children who have lost a parent to drug overdose from 2011 to 2021 overall and by parental age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Design, Setting, andParticipants:
This was a cross-sectional study of US community-dwelling persons using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2010-2014 and 2015-2019) and the National Vital Statistics System (2011-2021). Data were analyzed from January to June 2023. Exposure Parental drug overdose death, stratified by age group, sex, and race and ethnicity. Main Outcomes andMeasures:
Numbers, rates, and average annual percentage change (AAPC) in rates of children losing a parent aged 18 to 64 years to drug overdose, overall and by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.Results:
From 2011 to 2021, 649 599 adults aged 18 to 64 years died from a drug overdose (mean [SD] age, 41.7 [12.0] years; 430â¯050 [66.2%] male and 219â¯549 [33.8%] female; 62â¯606 [9.6%] Hispanic, 6899 [1.1%] non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, 6133 [0.9%] non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander, 82â¯313 [12.7%] non-Hispanic Black, 485â¯623 [74.8%] non-Hispanic White, and 6025 [0.9%] non-Hispanic with more than 1 race). Among these decedents, from 2011 to 2021, an estimated 321â¯566 (95% CI, 276â¯592-366â¯662) community-dwelling children lost a parent aged 18 to 64 years to drug overdose. The rate of community-dwelling children who lost a parent to drug overdose per 100â¯000 children increased from 27.0 per 100â¯000 in 2011 to 63.1 per 100â¯000 in 2021. The highest rates were found among children of non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native individuals, who had a rate of 187.1 per 100â¯000 in 2021, more than double the rate among children of non-Hispanic White individuals (76.5 per 100â¯000) and non-Hispanic Black individuals (73.2 per 100â¯000). While rates increased consistently each year for all parental age, sex, and race and ethnicity groups, non-Hispanic Black parents aged 18 to 25 years had the largest AAPC (23.8%; 95% CI, 16.5-31.6). Rates increased for both fathers and mothers; however, more children overall lost fathers (estimated 192â¯459; 95% CI, 164â¯081-220â¯838) than mothers (estimated 129â¯107; 95% CI, 112â¯510-145â¯824). Conclusions and Relevance An estimated 321â¯566 children lost a parent to drug overdose in the US from 2011 to 2021, with significant disparities evident across racial and ethnic groups. Given the potential short- and long-term negative impact of parental loss, program and policy planning should ensure that responses to the overdose crisis account for the full burden of drug overdose on families and children, including addressing the economic, social, educational, and health care needs of children who have lost parents to overdose.
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2024
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