Leveraging error-prone algorithm-derived phenotypes: Enhancing association studies for risk factors in EHR data.
J Biomed Inform
; 157: 104690, 2024 Jul 14.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39004110
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
It has become increasingly common for multiple computable phenotypes from electronic health records (EHR) to be developed for a given phenotype. However, EHR-based association studies often focus on a single phenotype. In this paper, we develop a method aiming to simultaneously make use of multiple EHR-derived phenotypes for reduction of bias due to phenotyping error and improved efficiency of phenotype/exposure associations. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
The proposed method combines multiple algorithm-derived phenotypes with a small set of validated outcomes to reduce bias and improve estimation accuracy and efficiency. The performance of our method was evaluated through simulation studies and real-world application to an analysis of colon cancer recurrence using EHR data from Kaiser Permanente Washington.RESULTS:
In settings where there was no single surrogate performing uniformly better than all others in terms of both sensitivity and specificity, our method achieved substantial bias reduction compared to using a single algorithm-derived phenotype. Our method also led to higher estimation efficiency by up to 30% compared to an estimator that used only one algorithm-derived phenotype.DISCUSSION:
Simulation studies and application to real-world data demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in integrating multiple phenotypes, thereby enhancing bias reduction, statistical accuracy and efficiency.CONCLUSIONS:
Our method combines information across multiple surrogates using a statistically efficient seemingly unrelated regression framework. Our method provides a robust alternative to single-surrogate-based bias correction, especially in contexts lacking information on which surrogate is superior.
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MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article