MRI evidence of gray matter loss in COVID-19 patients with cognitive and olfactory disorders.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
; 2024 Jul 30.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39080851
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study was to assess COVID-19-related gray matter (GM) structural alterations in two distinct groups of patients presenting with the prevailing and distinctive COVID-19-related neurological symptoms - isolated olfactory disorders as sole neurological manifestation (COVID-OD) and cognitive disorders (COVID-CD) - as compared to a control group of unaffected individuals.METHODS:
The study included 61 COVID-CD patients (57 [60-63] years, 62% females), 84 COVID-OD patients (49 [35-57] years, 60% females), and 17 controls (51 [41-52] years, 41% females). Region-based morphometry (RBM) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) were performed on T1-weighted MRI scans to assess GM regional volume and voxel-wise density differences between COVID-19 patients and controls. Surface-based morphometry (SBM) was applied to investigate cortical thickness alterations. The statistical models built to assess GM structural differences among groups included total intracranial volume and age as nuisance variables.RESULTS:
The multi-morphometric analysis revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons) reduction in GM regional volumes, in voxel-wise GM density and in cortical thickness in both COVID-CD and COVID-OD patient groups as compared to controls. Across all three analyses, COVID-CD patients showed more distributed and severe GM loss than COVID-OD patients. The most prominently affected GM regions in the COVID-CD group included the hippocampus, putamen, cingulate gyrus, precuneus, precentral and postcentral gyri, amygdala, lingual gyrus, and caudate nucleus.INTERPRETATION:
Our MRI findings show that COVID-19-related olfactory and cognitive disorders both induce GM atrophy, although at different degrees of severity, likely indicative of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation.
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MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article