SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific nasal-resident CD49a+CD8+ memory T cells exert immediate effector functions with enhanced IFN-γ production.
Nat Commun
; 15(1): 8355, 2024 Sep 27.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39333516
ABSTRACT
Virus-specific nasal resident T cells are important for protection against subsequent infection with a similar virus. Here we examine the phenotypes and functions of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the nasal mucosa of vaccinated individuals with breakthrough infection (BTI) or without infection. Nasal tissues are obtained from participants during sinus surgery. Analysis of activation-induced markers implicates that a considerable proportion of spike (S)-reactive nasal CD8+ T cells express CD103, a tissue-resident marker. MHC-I multimer staining is performed to analyze the ex vivo phenotype and function of SARS-CoV-2 S-specific CD8+ T cells. We detect multimer+CD8+ T cells with tissue-resident phenotypes in nasal tissue samples from vaccinees without infection as well as vaccinees with BTI. Multimer+CD8+ T cells remain present in nasal tissues over one year after the last exposure to S antigen, although the frequency decreases. Upon direct ex vivo stimulation with epitope peptides, nasal multimer+CD8+ T cells-particularly the CD49a+ subset-exhibit immediate effector functions, including IFN-γ production. CITE-seq analysis of S-reactive AIM+CD8+ T cells confirms the enhanced effector function of the CD49a+ subset. These findings indicate that among individuals previously exposed to S antigen by vaccination or BTI, S-specific nasal-resident CD49a+CD8+ memory T cells can rapidly respond to SARS-CoV-2 during infection or reinfection.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Interferon gama
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Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos
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Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus
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SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
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Células T de Memória
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Mucosa Nasal
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article