[Prospects of using non-narcotic analgesics in present-day methods of general anesthesia]. / Perspektivy ispol'zovaniia nenarkoticheskikh analgetikov v sovremennykh metodakh obshchei anestezii.

ABSTRACT

Efficacies of several relatively new methods of anesthesia are compared. The data of electroencephalographic monitoring, early components of somatosensory evoked potentials, parameters of the central and peripheral hemodynamics (pulsometry supplemented with estimation of photoplethysmography coefficient, among other things), acid-base balance, were used as criteria of the adequacy of analgesia. A total of 369 anesthesiologic modalities are analyzed, which were compared with traditional and modified neuroleptanalgesia (NLA) with inhalation of fluothane vapors. A high efficacy of NLA carried out in parallel with inhalation of gaseous anesthetics (fluothane) was confirmed. If traditional NLA is used in long traumatic operations, fentanyl in dose at least 10 mcg/(kg.h) should be infused during the main stage of the intervention to provide effective anesthesia; during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery fentanyl dose should be at least 15 mcg/(kg.h). Use of moradol as the principal analgesic in surgery on the open heart and aorta and in long traumatic interventions on the thoracic and abdominal organs was found unjustified. Combined total anesthesia with fentanyl, droperidol, seduxen, dalargin, and clofelin may be effectively used for intraoperative protection in interventions of any kind. Clinical significance of the phenomena detected is discussed.