Application of negative-ion chemical ionization isotope dilution gas chromatography--mass spectrometry to single-dose bioavailability studies of mefloquine.

ABSTRACT

An electron-capture negative-ion chemical ionization gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay for mefloquine, an antimalarial drug used in the treatment of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria, is described. The method, developed in support of bioavailability studies involving the co-administration of different tableted formulations of the drug and an aqueous solution of its 13C3-labeled analog, enables quantification of both dosage forms. Quantitative analysis of extracted plasma samples was performed on the O-tert.-butyldimethylsilyl (t-BDMS) derivative of the drug by selected-ion monitoring, using a VG Trio 2000 quadrupole mass spectrometer and monitoring the [M-t-BDMSOH]-. ions of the analytes. The method, incorporating [2H6]mefloquine as an internal standard, demonstrated good accuracy and precision over the 1-200 ng ml-1 range, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.990 for all standard curves and a detection level of 50 fg on-column. Replicate analysis of plasma samples over a 90-day period exhibited a mean intra-day and inter-day variation of less than 4.5% and 5.5%, respectively. The high stability and sensitivity of the assay, combined with the inherent selectivity of mass spectrometric detection, make the method well-suited for such studies.