ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Among the papular-pruriginous dermatoses related to human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection, two entities remain poorly differentiated leading to confusion in their diagnosis: HIV-related pruritic papular eruption (HIV-PPE or prurigo) and eosinophilic folliculitis (HIV-EF). OBJECTIVE: To establish histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters to differentiate between two conditions associated with HIV infection, the pruritic papular eruption (HIV-PPE) and eosinophilic folliculitis (HIV-EF). METHODS: Clinically typical HIV-PPE (18 cases) and HIV-EF (10 cases) cases were compared with each other in terms of the following topics: clinical and laboratory features (gender, age, CD4+ cell and eosinophil count), histopathological features (hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining) and immunohistochemical features (anti-CD1a, anti-CD4, anti-CD7, anti-CD8, anti-CD15, anti-CD20, anti-CD30, anti-CD68/macrophage and anti-S-100 reactions). RESULTS: Among the HIV-EF patients, we found an intense perivascular and diffuse inflammatory infiltration compared with those patients with HIV-PPE. The tissue mast cell count by toluidine staining was higher in the HIV-EF patients, who also presented higher expression levels of CD15 (for eosinophils), CD4 (T helper), and CD7 (pan-T lymphocytes) than the HIV-PPE patients. LIMITATIONS: Only quantitative differences and not qualitative differences were found. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that HIV-related PPE and EF could possibly be differentiated by histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in addition to clinical characteristics. In fact, these two inflammatory manifestations could be within the spectrum of the same disease because only quantitative, and not qualitative, differences were found.
Subject(s)
Eosinophilia/pathology , Folliculitis/pathology , HIV Infections/complications , Pruritus/pathology , Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous/pathology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/pathology , Adult , Biomarkers/metabolism , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Eosinophilia/immunology , Eosinophilia/virology , Female , Folliculitis/immunology , Folliculitis/virology , HIV Infections/immunology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Pruritus/immunology , Pruritus/virology , Retrospective Studies , Skin/pathology , Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous/immunology , Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous/virology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/immunology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/virologyABSTRACT
We describe a case of plantar interdigital cutaneous melanoma in a 22-year-old woman who reported changes in a pigmented lesion during pregnancy. Diagnosis was late and evolution unfavourable. The purpose of this report is to draw the attention of dermatologists to the need for careful regular examination of melanocytic lesions in pregnant women, not ignoring possible changes as always physiological.
Subject(s)
Foot Diseases/pathology , Melanoma/pathology , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy , Dermoscopy , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Skin/pathology , Toes , Young AdultABSTRACT
Malakoplakia is a rare acquired disease that can affect many systems but is more common in the urogenital tract. Cutaneous malakoplakia is even rarer. It is far more frequent in immunodeficient patients. We report a case of cutaneous malakoplakia in a kidney transplant patient who had recently stopped receiving immunosuppressive therapy to illustrate a review of the relevant recent literature.
Subject(s)
Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Malacoplakia/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Malacoplakia/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Skin Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
O preenchimento cutâneo figura entre os procedimentos cosméticos mais realizados. Apesar de os tratamentos estéticos possuírem perfil de segurança favorável, ocorreu um aumento nos processos jurídicos deles resultantes nos Estados Unidos. No Brasil, o número de procedimentos não cirúrgicos apresentou crescimento nos últimos anos devido não apenas ao maior número de opções de materiais para preenchimento disponíveis no mercado, mas também devido à maior quantidade de profissionais com permissão para executar esses procedimentos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar a literatura, assim como delinear um guia prático para prevenção, diagnóstico e manejo das complicações secundárias ao uso de preenchedores semipermanentes e temporários.
Filler injections are among the most popular cosmetic procedures performed worldwide. Although fillers have a safety profile, there has been a rise in litigation as a result of treatments in the USA. In the Brazilian scenario, the number of non-surgical procedures has increased in the past years, mainly due to the increase of filler options available in the Brazilian market, as well as in the type of professionals allowed to perform injectable procedures. Therefore we sought to review the related literature regarding semi-permanent and temporary fillers adverse effects and outline a practical guide for complications avoidance, diagnosis and management.
ABSTRACT
Chediak-Higashi syndrome is characterized by varying degrees of oculocutaneous albinism, recurrent infections, bleeding disorders and variable neurological involvement. The treatment consists of bone marrow transplantation, which corrects the immunologic and hematologic defects. Untreated patients die as the result of bacterial infections or develop "accelerated phase" lymphoproliferation. We present a case of Chediak-Higashi syndrome and discuss the clinical and laboratorial features that determine its diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
We describe a case of plantar interdigital cutaneous melanoma in a 22-year-old woman who reported changes in a pigmented lesion during pregnancy. Diagnosis was late and evolution unfavourable. The purpose of this report is to draw the attention of dermatologists to the need for careful regular examination of melanocytic lesions in pregnant women, not ignoring possible changes as always physiological.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Foot Diseases/pathology , Melanoma/pathology , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy , Dermoscopy , Fatal Outcome , Skin/pathology , ToesABSTRACT
Malakoplakia is a rare acquired disease that can affect many systems but is more common in the urogenital tract. Cutaneous malakoplakia is even rarer. It is far more frequent in immunodeficient patients. We report a case of cutaneous malakoplakia in a kidney transplant patient who had recently stopped receiving immunosuppressive therapy to illustrate a review of the relevant recent literature.
Malacoplaquia é uma doença adquirida rara que pode afetar diversos órgãos e sistemas, mas é mais comum no trato urogenital. O acometimento cutâneo é ainda menos frequente. Atinge principalmente imunodeficientes. Relatamos caso de malacoplaquia cutânea em um paciente transplantado renal que havia recentemente deixado de receber a terapia imunossupressora, a fim de ilustrar uma revisão da literatura recente relevante.