ABSTRACT
The role of dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is critical in determining the extent of graft-versus-host response. The goal of this study was to analyse slanDCs, a subset of human proinflammatory DCs, in haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) sources, as well as to evaluate their 1-year kinetics of reconstitution, origin and functional capacities in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) of patients who have undergone HSCT, and their presence in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) tissue specimens. slanDCs were also compared to myeloid (m)DCs, plasmacytoid (p)DCs and monocytes in HSC sources and in patients' PB and BM throughout reconstitution. slanDCs accounted for all HSC sources. In patients' PB and BM, slanDCs were identified from day +21, showing median frequencies comparable to healthy donors, donor origin and kinetics of recovery similar to mDCs, pDCs, and monocytes. Under cyclosporin treatment, slanDCs displayed a normal pattern of maturation, and maintained an efficient chemotactic activity and capacity of releasing tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. None the less, they were almost undetectable in GVHD tissue specimens, being present only in intestinal acute GVHD samples. slanDCs reconstitute early, being donor-derived and functionally competent. The absence of slanDCs from most of the GVHD-targeted tissue specimens seems to rule out the direct participation of these cells in the majority of the local reactions characterizing GVHD.
Subject(s)
Dendritic Cells/immunology , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology , Adult , Female , Graft vs Host Disease/immunology , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Monocytes/immunology , Tissue Donors , Transplantation, Homologous/methods , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Early post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has an almost invariably dismal prognosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that FLT3 inhibition enhances the graft-versus-leukemia effect in vitro and in vivo. Thus, FLT-3 inhibitors may be viable treatment options in this setting. Here, we report three patients with FLT3 and NPM1 mutated AML who relapsed early after allo-HSCT and were treated with gilteritinib (associated with donor lymphocyte Infusion in two patients) to achieve long-term remission without a second transplantation.
ABSTRACT
Starting from two cases of adenolymphoma of the parotid gland they had under observation, the Authors underline their doubts regarding the histogenesis, discuss the clinical approach and show their attitude towards the therapy. It consists of an enucleation or nucleoresection of the tumour in case only the superficial part of the gland is affected; a total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation and without any radiotherapy, in case of a radical operation; with complementary radiotherapy if the operation has not been radical for certain.
Subject(s)
Adenolymphoma/pathology , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Adenolymphoma/diagnosis , Adenolymphoma/epidemiology , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Parotid Neoplasms/epidemiology , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
Digital Pacinian Hyperplasia is a non tumoral, very rare lesion. To date, only 31 cases have been reported, occasionally named Digital Pacinian Neuroma. Digital pain is usually associated to. Local trauma is reported in about half of the cases. We report a new case occurred in a 62 year-old male, associated with inflammatory and foreign body reaction. No recurrence was observed 6 months after surgical excision. Differential diagnosis and controversies about this lesion are discussed.