Scar site metastasis of renal cell carcinoma diagnosed on-site cytology: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have a propensity for widespread metastases and a wide range of survival rates. They can spread into adjacent organs by direct extension and can invade local or distant sites by lymphatic, hematogenous or lympho-hematogeneous pathways. Scar site metastasis is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of scar site RCC metastasis in a patient who underwent left radical nephrectomy 10 months ago. CONCLUSION: FNAC is a simple and easy technique that can help in the definitive diagnosis of subcutaneous lesions. A correct early stage diagnosis of metastatic RCC can considerably improve the survival rates.

Dentistry and Bioterrorism: A Legitimate Threat.

Bioterrorism involves the deliberate release of harmful biological agents, such as bacteria and viruses, aimed at causing mass casualties within a population. Often referred to as "poor man's nuclear weapons," chemical and biological weapons pose a significant threat due to their potential for mass destruction. Detecting and preventing bioterrorist attacks is challenging, making them one of the most feared scenarios. Dentistry plays a crucial role in responding to bioterrorism and other catastrophic events, leveraging its personnel and facilities effectively. This paper explores the signs and symptoms of biological agents used in mass destruction, as well as the oral and dental manifestations of both naturally occurring and bioengineered infectious agents. Furthermore, the article stresses the importance of countermeasures against bioterrorism, including deterrence, prevention, surveillance, medical management, and training. Emphasis is placed on implementing surveillance systems, bolstering medical readiness, and conducting training programs to effectively detect, assess, and respond to bioterrorism threats. Ultimately, the article underscores the critical role of dentists and healthcare professionals in collaborative efforts to mitigate the impacts of bioterrorism through proactive measures.

LASER assisted soft tissue procedures for orthodontic treatment.

Light Amplified Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) therapy has been the subject of numerous researches as an auxiliary method in orthodontic practice. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the clinical evaluation of laser assisted soft tissue procedures for orthodontic treatment. The soft tissue surgical procedures carried out were aestheticre-contouring, gingivectomy, maxillary frenectomy, operculectomy and surgical exposure of impacted canines. The clinical outcomes evaluated in each patient were post-operative pain, bleeding during surgical procedure. In our study, clinical evaluation of outcomes in both categories revealed reduced pain at 1 hour and 24 hour after surgical procedures in patients who underwent surgery with LASER.. Soft tissue Laser can be an alternative to conventional surgery for soft tissue surgeries in orthodontics with better pain relief and reduced bleeding.

Achieving Predictable Esthetics With Early Implant Placement and Soft Tissue Modeling: A Case Report and Literature Review.

In the modern era, patients are increasingly concerned about dental esthetics. Edentulism can significantly impact the appearance, occlusion, and self-esteem of the patient. Treatment options like removable dentures, fixed crown and bridge prostheses, and resin-retained bridges are available to replace missing teeth. Implant therapy is popular due to its high success rates and long-term durability. However, its efficacy can be compromised by errors in treatment planning, surgery, tissue care, and infections. Thus, meticulous planning and execution are crucial. Clinicians must have the expertise to manage difficulties during surgery and maintain stable soft tissue. The stability of tissues around osseointegrated implants affects long-term clinical stability and esthetics. Early implant placement is recommended for missing teeth in the esthetic zone, aiming to place implants in anatomically and functionally correct positions for durable and esthetic results. Patients with high cosmetic demands, thin gingival biotypes, and high smile lines pose challenges. Assessing Pink and White esthetics guides treatment planning. Advantages of early implant placement include simplified procedures and reduced post-surgical complications. Soft tissue molding is achieved using customized healing abutments and temporizing with fiber-reinforced resin-bonded prostheses. Customized healing abutments preserve socket width, prevent soft tissue collapse, and promote natural contouring, eliminating the need for secondary surgeries and aiding spontaneous healing. This case report outlines a comprehensive approach to achieving predictable esthetics through early implant placement and soft tissue modeling in a patient with a traumatically avulsed maxillary central incisor.