ABSTRACT
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) remains a relevant public health issue, and asbestos exposure is the most relevant risk factor. The incidence has considerably and constantly increased over the past two decades in the industrialized countries and is expected to peak in 2020-2025. In Italy, a standardized-rate incidence in 2011 among men was 3.5 and 1.25 per 100,000 in men and women, respectively, and wide differences are noted among different geographic areas. The disease remains challenging in terms of diagnosis, staging and treatment and an optimal strategy has not yet been clearly defined. The Third Italian Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference on Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma was held in Bari (Italy) in January 30-31, 2015. This Consensus has provided updated recommendations on the MPM management for health institutions, clinicians and patients.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms , Mesothelioma , Pleural Neoplasms , Animals , Humans , Incidence , Italy/epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Mesothelioma/complications , Mesothelioma/diagnosis , Mesothelioma/epidemiology , Mesothelioma/therapy , Mesothelioma, Malignant , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pleural Neoplasms/complications , Pleural Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pleural Neoplasms/epidemiology , Pleural Neoplasms/therapy , Public Health , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
HeLa nuclear DNA sediments as a single peak, in neutral CsCl, while it is separated in a heavier and a lighter components, in alkaline Ag+--Cs2SO4. The heavy fraction, on the average, represents about 20% of the total DNA. CsCl analytical ultracentrifugation shows that heavy DNA bands at 1.715 g/cm3 and contains 53% GC (10% of the total GC), whereas light DNA bands at 1.703 g/cm3 and contains 40% GC (32% of the total GC). Coherently, Tm values in 0.1 x SSC are 82.5 degrees C, for heavy DNA, and 72.5 degrees C, for light DNA. After treatment with [3H-methyl-S-adenosyl-L-methionine in isolated nuclei, the concentration of labelled 5-methylcytosine was found to be highest in the more dense regions of the heavy peak and in the less dense regions of the light peak. Exposure to ultrasound modifies the quantitative relationship of the two peaks and improves the separation of supermethylated AT- and GC-rich DNAs. Four possible triplets as sites for DNA-methylase recognition are discussed.
Subject(s)
DNA/metabolism , HeLa Cells/metabolism , Cell Nucleus/metabolism , Centrifugation, Density Gradient/methods , Cesium , DNA/isolation & purification , Humans , Methylation , SilverABSTRACT
During the HeLa S-phase, DNA was methylated, at 1-hr intervals in isolated nuclei and fractionated in Ag+-Cs2SO4 gradients providing a heavy GC-rich peak and a main light AT-rich peak. Both size and specific methylation of these peaks changed during the nDNA duplicative phase. Replication of the heavy GC-rich nDNA fraction, which contains genes for ribosomal RNA, occurred in early S; in contrast, replication of the main AT-rich nDNA fraction was maximal in late S. Concomitantly, specific methylation of the GC-rich nDNA was maximal in the first part of S, while that of the AT-rich nDNA was maximal in the second part of S. This suggested that genes are replicated and methylated with order during the S-phase.
Subject(s)
Cell Cycle , DNA/metabolism , Genes , Interphase , Centrifugation, Density Gradient , Cytological Techniques , DNA/analysis , DNA/genetics , HeLa Cells , MethylationABSTRACT
A DNA endonuclease has been purified from eggs of Asterias forbesi by a simple four-step-purification procedure. The purified enzyme is at least 96% pure and is free of phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, and RNase. It has a pH optimum of 6.5 and does not require divalent cations. The enzyme produces 3'-phosphoryl and 5'-hydroxyl end groups. The products of exhaustive hydrolysis can be grouped in two fractions. The first fraction, 40%, contains a small amount of mononucleotides and di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexanucleo-tides. The second fraction, 60%, contains oligonucleotides larger than hexanucleotides.
Subject(s)
Deoxyribonucleases , Echinodermata/enzymology , Endonucleases , Ovum/enzymology , Animals , Deoxyribonucleases/isolation & purification , Deoxyribonucleases/metabolism , Endonucleases/isolation & purification , Endonucleases/metabolism , Female , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Kinetics , Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis , Species Specificity , Structure-Activity Relationship , TemperatureABSTRACT
Preoperative evaluation of orthopedic tumors using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) proved useful to ascertain the nature of the lesion, its extension to soft tissues and joints, and the presence of arteriovenous (AV) shunts. We report that overall accuracy varied from 89% to 92%, depending on the feature evaluated. The importance of angiographic examination of this entity is discussed as well as the advantages of DSA over conventional angiography.