[Skin microbiota and atopic dermatitis: toward new therapeutic options?]. / Microbiote cutané et dermatite atopique : vers une nouvelle prise en charge thérapeutique ?

The skin in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is constantly colonized by S. aureus, in part due to a deficit in epidermal antimicrobial peptides. S. aureus can cause secondary infections but is also involved in the occurrence and severity of the inflammatory flares of AD. Thus, the diversity of skin microbiota is abnormal in AD. Dynamic studies of the microbiota showed that the prevalence of staphylococcae sp. is further increased during flares of AD. This dysbiosis leads to an increase in inflammatory reactions in which staphylococcal toxins play an important role. Changes in the gut microbiota also play a role in the early maturation of the immune system and the occurrence of allergic reactions. Attempts in the modulation of skin microbiota have recently been made showing that a cream containing a lysate of a non pathogenic Gram negative bacteria, V. filiformis, is capable of improving the manifestations of AD. These effects may be driven by a regulation of skin innate immunity through Toll like receptors (TLR-2), the secretion of IL-10 and the induction of regulatory T cells.

[What's new in pediatric dermatology?]. / Quoi de neuf en dermatologie pédiatrique?

This article is a selection of the most significant developments in the field of pediatric dermatology through an analysis of the articles published between October 2012 and October 2013. In the field of vascular anomalies, propranolol remains a topic of interest for infantile hemangiomas. New clinical concepts appear in the field of vascular malformations in parallel to genetic progress in this area. New epidemiological data or new pathophysiological concepts apply to atopic dermatitis. Congenital or atypical nevi of the child benefit from genetic progress or improvement of clinical knowledge. Although rare, melanoma of the child concerns by its increasing incidence and its misleadingclinical characteristics. Other data reported here relate to infectious skin of the child, morpheas, neurofibromatosis type 1, psoriasis and other commonly seen dermatoses in children.

Treatment of vitiligo by 308-nm excimer laser: an evaluation of variables affecting treatment response.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the true efficacy of the 308-nm excimer laser for the treatment of vitiligo, while taking into account confounding factors such as anatomic site of treatment, age, sex, skin type, MED, and duration of evolution of the vitiligo. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with vitiligo were included. Each lesion was treated twice a week by the 308-nm excimer laser for a maximum of 24 sessions. Efficacy was blindly evaluated by two independent physicians. RESULTS: Repigmentation was noted in 46 plaques/52 (88.5%). Repigmentation rate (75%) was obtained in 14 (26.9%). In "UV sensitive" areas (face, neck, trunk), 8/14 lesions (57.1%) had a repigmentation rate, 75% versus 6/38 (15.8%) in "UV resistant" areas (bony prominences and extremities) (P = 0.031). No relationship could be established between response to the treatment and the following variables: age, sex, skin type, MED, and duration of evolution of the vitiligo (respectively, P = 1, 0.666, 0.566, 0.628, 0.521). CONCLUSIONS: An aesthetically reasonable result is achieved essentially in "UV sensitive" areas, thus appearing to be the appropriate places of choice for this treatment.