ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of duration after meals for saliva collections for oral cancer detection using metabolomics. Saliva samples were collected from oral cancer patients (n = 22) and controls (n = 44). Saliva from cancer patients was collected 12 h after dinner, and 1.5 and 3.5 h after breakfast. Control subjects fasted >1.5 h prior to saliva collection. Hydrophilic metabolites were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry. Levels of 51 metabolites differed significantly in controls vs. oral cancer patients at the 12-h fasting time point (P < 0.05). Fifteen and ten metabolites differed significantly at the 1.5- and 3.5-h time points, respectively. The area of under receiver operating characteristic curve for discriminating oral cancer patients from controls was greatest at the 12-h fasting time point. The collection time after meals affects levels of salivary metabolites for oral cancer screening. The 12-h fasting after dinner time point is optimal. This study contributes to design of saliva collection protocols for metabolomics-based biomarker discovery.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Metabolomics , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Saliva/metabolism , Specimen Handling , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Meals , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
The spatial field homogeneity and time stability of a trapped field generated by a stack of YBCO square plates with a center hole (square "annuli") was investigated. By optimizing stacking of magnetized square annuli, we aim to construct a compact NMR magnet. The stacked magnet consists of 750 thin YBCO plates, each 40-mm square and 80- µm thick with a 25-mm bore, and has a Ø10 mm room-temperature access for NMR measurement. To improve spatial field homogeneity of the 750-plate stack (YP750) a three-step optimization was performed: 1) statistical selection of best plates from supply plates; 2) field homogeneity measurement of multi-plate modules; and 3) optimal assembly of the modules to maximize field homogeneity. In this paper, we present analytical and experimental results of field homogeneity and temporal stability at 77 K, performed on YP750 and those of a hybrid stack, YPB750, in which two YBCO bulk annuli, each Ø46 mm and 16-mm thick with a 25-mm bore, are added to YP750, one at the top and the other at the bottom.