[Effect of additional administration of essential amino acids on assimilability of casein hydrolysate in rats with toxic hepatitis]. / Vliianie dopolnitel'nogo primeneniia nezamenimykh aminokislot na usvoiaemost' gidrolizata kazeina u krys s toksicheskim gepatom.

The effect of certain amino acids on assimilability of casein hydrolysate was studied in albino rats with toxic hepatitis. It is established that in case of this pathology casein hydrolysate is uncapable of correcting completely the disturbed protein and nucleic metabolism. An additional administration under these conditions of amino acids, methionine in particular, changes the negative nitrogeneous balance to the positive one, that evidences for an increase in assimilability of the introduced casein hydrolysate, lowers the excretion of amino nitorgen with urea and rises the DNA content in the liver tissue. Triptophan and lysine favour an increase in the protein content in the nuclei and mitochondria of hepatocytes.

[Correction of nitrogen metabolism in rats with toxic hepatitis by parenteral administration of an amino acid mixture]. / Korrektsii azotistogo obmena parenteral'no vvedennoi aminokislotnoi smes'iu pri toksicheskom gepatite u krys.

The nitrogen metabolism in rats with toxic affection of the liver caused by administration of CCl4 was studied as affected by the amino acid mixture moriamine S-2. It is established that with toxic hepatitis the nitrogen metabolism is sharply disturbed, especially during protein deficiency. The following evidences for this fact: a rise in the depth of the nitrogen negative balance, an increase in the intensity of amine nitrogen and ammonia excretion with urea as well as an increase in the amount of amine nitrogen in blood and tissues with a simultaneous decrease in the content of protein. The parenteral administration of the amino acid mixture for eight days to the animals with a toxic affection of the liver is more effective when nitrogen preparation is combined with the group B vitamin, vitamin C, insulin, nerobolyl and sirepar.

[Liver metabolism during massive hemorrhage and subsequent blood transfusion]. / Metabolizm pecheni pri massivnoi krovopotere i ee vozmeshchenii.

Content of lactate, pyruvate as well as activity of hexokinase, phosphorylases, ATPase and transaminases were studied in dog and rat liver tissues under conditions of acute profuse hemorrhage and after its complete compensation by autogenic, isogenic blood and by sodium chloride 0.9% solution. Distinct inhibition of the hexokinase activity in the hemorrhage led to impairment of glucose utilization in liver tissue and to development of hyperglycemia. Alterations in arterial blood pressure correlated with the activity of tissue enzymes. Tissue metabolism was improved after compensation of blood losses by adequate amounts of blood at early period of hemorrhagic shock.

[Effectiveness of parenteral feeding with various hydrolysates in alloxan diabetes in white rats]. / Effektivnost' parenteral'nogo pitaniia razlichnymi gidrolizatami pri alloksanovom diabete u belykh krys

The effect of applying various hydrolysates for parenteral feeding (caseine hydrolysate, hydrolysin L-103, aminosol, moriamine S-2) in albino rats with alloxan-induced diabetes was investigated. The assimilation of the hydrolysates introduced was found in these animals to be down by comparison with intact ones. It was only administration of nitrogenous media containing a sufficient amount of aminic nitrogen (moriamine S-2) that helped establish a positive nitrogenous balance and to prevent a loss of weight and the dry weight of the tissues.

[Role of the thyroid gland in the effects of parenteral feeding]. / Rol' shchitovidnoi zhelezy v éffektakh parenteral'nogo pitaniia.

In 82 albino rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis the assimilation of parenterally administered amino acid mixture of mori-amine S-2 was investigation. In thyrotoxicosis the assimilation of the amino acid mixture was found to be down. It is only a combination of mori-amine S-2 with vitamins, hormones and 6-methyluracil that facilitates the utilization of free amino acids by the tissues (this being borne out by a falling level of aminic nitrogen in the blood, skeletal muscles, heart and liver), persistently upholds the positive nitrous balance, prevents losses of the body weight and foces down oxygen consumption.

[Possibility of using the urea increment index for assessing the anabolic effectiveness of parenteral nitrogen feeding in toxic hepatitis]. / Vozmozhnost' ispol'zovaniia pokazatelia inkrementa mocheviny dlia otsenki anabolicheskoi éffektivnosti azotistogo parenteral'nogo pitaniia pri toksicheskom gepatite.

To determine the anabolic effectiveness of nitrous preparations for the parenteral alimentation an urea increment rate in normal albino rats and in the ones with parenchymatous hepatitis was used. With subcutaneous introduction of nitrous preparations moriamine S-2, aminosol, polyamine and of an improved caseine hydrolysate the level of the blood urea was found to attain the maximum in 6 hours. With toxic lesion of the liver the ureogenic function remains intact and, for this reason, this test may be used for assessing the anabolic effectiveness of the preparations with a changed functional state of the liver in different pathological conditions. The urea increment rate may be recommended for determining the biological value of the preparations for nitrogenous parenteral alimentation.

[Effect of a fat emulsion on the free amino acid content in the blood when administered enterally together with amino acids]. / Vliianie zhirovoi émul'sii na soderzhanie svobodnykh aminokislot v krovi pri vvedenii ee v kishechnik sovmestno s aminokislotami.

The influence of an intralipid fatty emulsion on the absorbability of polyamine amino acid mixtures was studied during their administration through a tube into the duodenum of white rats. Polyamine was administered in a dose of 0.25 g of nominal protein, intralipid in a dose of 0.2 g of fat/g bw/day. It was found that polyamine administered into the small intestine was intensely absorbed during the first two hours which was evidence by an increased content of amino acids in the blood. Intralipid used simultaneously with polyamine intensified the absorption of the latter. Preliminary administration of intralipid promoted a more rapid polyamine absorption, especially of side branch chain amino acids. The results obtained have presented an experimental validation of using nitrous compounds after preliminary administration of fatty emulsions in enteral tube feeding.

[Morphofunctional liver studies of white rats with toxic hepatitis maintained on parenteral nitrogen feeding]. / Morfofunktsional'noe issledovanie pecheni u belykh krys a toksicheskim gepatitom pri parenteral'nom azotistom pitanii.

Subcutaneous administration of noriamine S-2, a mixture of crystalline amino acids, and improved casein hydrolysate to rats on protein-free diet for 8 days completely made for protein insufficiency and did not materially affect the morphological appearance of liver tissue. in toxic hepatitis, administration of the above preparations improved liver function. However, the morphofunctional parameters did not completely return to normal.

[Enteral feeding of patients after operations on the gastrointestinal tract]. / Enteral'no-zondovoe pitanie bol'nykh posle operatsii na zheludochno-kishechnom trakte.

Jejunostomy was put in 21 patients operated on the gastrointestinal tract, and on the 3-4 day after operation it was used for entero-probe nutrition (amino acid mixtures, fat emulsions, glucose solutions meant for parenteral nutrition, 3 1 a day at a speed 30-50 drops per minute). Clinical observations have shown high therapeutic effect, safely and technical simplicity of this entero-probe nutrition.

[Effect of the procedure of blood exchange on several indices of skeletal muscle metabolism]. / Vliianie operatsii zameshcheniia krovi na nekotorye pokazateli metabolizma skeletnoi myshtsy

In 85% blood exchange in healthy dogs and also in the animals under conditions of hemotransfusion shock a study was made of the nitrogen fraction contents, the activity of aspartic and alanine transpherases in the skeletal muscle in the course of 7 days. Blood exchange in hemotransfusion shock was highly effective. However, the process of "washing out" of the non-protein substances from the tissue in these animals was considerably lowered in comparison with that in healthy animals.

[Changes in the metabolism of the liver and skeletal muscle in parenteral nutrition]. / Izmenenie metabolizma pecheni i skeletnoi myshtsy pri parenteral'nom pitanii

A study was made of the content of nucleic acids and of the readily-extracted protein in the liver and the skeletal muscle of rats with alloxan diabetes fed parenterally by various hydrolyzates. Administration of various nitrogen media activated nucleic metabolism and thus promoted restoration of protein metabolism.

[Nucleic acids in the tissues of white rats with toxic liver damage following protein starvation and parenteral nitrogen nutrition]. / Nukleinovye kisloty v tkaniakh belykh krys s toksicheskim porazheniem pecheni pri belkovom golodanii i azotistom perenteral'nom pitanii.

The authors studied the content of nucleic acids in the tissues (the skeletal muscle and myocardium, the liver) in albino rats with toxic affection of the liver caused by ccl4, in protein deficiency and parental administration of amino acid mixture of moriamin S-2 and "improved" caseine hydrolysate. Protein deficiency in albino rats with toxic hepatitis was accompanied by a considerable increase of RNA and DNA in the skeletal muscle and the myocardium with a simultaneous reduction of their level in the liver. The RNA/DNA ratio changed. The RNA content in the hepatocytes diminished on account of reduction of the nuclear RNA fraction closely bound with chromatin. Parenteral administration of nitrogen preparations led to normalization of the nucleic acid content in all the tissues under study.

[Role of metabolic regulators in casein hydrolysate assimilation in alloxan diabetes]. / Rol' reguliatorov obmena veshcestv v usvoiaemosti gidrolizata kazenis pri alloksanovom diabete

Experiments were conducted on rats with alloxan diarbetes. It appeared that the use of metabolic regulators (inssulin, vitamin C, vitamins of group B and nerobolyl) increased the assimilation of caseine hydrolysate; this was indicated by a positive nitrogen balance, retention of body weight and an increase in the tissue dry residue. The data obtained served as a further experimental foundation of-combination of hydrolysates with vitamins and hormones for the purpose of increasing the efficacy of parenteral nutrition.

[Effect of nitrogens parenteral nutrition on the amino acid spectrum of the blood and liver in thyroxine poisoning]. / Vliianie azotistogo parenteral'nogo pitaniia na aminokislotnyi spketr krovi i pecheni pri tiroksinovoi intoksikatsii.

The effect of nitrogen parenteral nutrition on the blood and liver amino acid spectrum was studied in white rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis. The content of free amino acids in the blood plasma and liver was shown to be considerably increased in thyrotoxicosis in the presence of protein starvation. Injection of an amino acid mixture containing polyamin and improved casein hydrolysate for 7 days favoured the normalization of the content of most free amino acids in the blood and liver but did not completely eliminate their imbalance.

[Anabolic effectiveness of nitrogenous preparations for parenteral nutrition in the presence of toxic liver damage]. / Anabolicheskaia éffektivnost' azotistykh preparatov dlia parenteral'nogo pitaniia pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni.

The authors studied the assimilation of nitrogen preparations--moriamin S-2 and "improved" caseine hydrolysate in parenternal administration to 100 albino rats. Healthy animals and those with toxic affection of the liver induced with CCl4 were experimented upon. In healthy animals administration of nitrogen preparations led to the change of negative nitrogen balance into a positive one, normalized the content of blood and tissue amine nitrogen deranged in protein deficiency. Assimilation of nitrogen preparations fell considerably in toxic hepatitis. An 8-day parenteral nutrition failed to change the negative nitrogen balance into positive, and did not eliminate hypoproteinemia; however, it normalized the amine nitrogen concentration in the blood and tissues.

[Nitrogen sparing effect of fatty emulsions during parenteral feeding of white rats with thyrotoxicosis]. / Azotsberegaiushchee deistvie zhirovykh émul'sii pri parenteral'nom pitanii u belykh krys s tireotoksikozom

A study was made of the nitrogen-protective action of fat emulsions (intralipid and lipidine) in parenteral administration of caseine hydrolysate to 65 rats with thyrotoxicosis. When caseine hydrolysate was used in combination with fat emulsions and physiological metabolic regulators the level of free amino acids in the blood and tissues (the skeletal muscle, the heart and the liver) proved to decrease; the weight of the animals rose.