Barriers and facilitators to achieving employment in mainstream settings in adults with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual developmental disorders: A scoping review.

Autistic people without Intellectual Developmental Disorders (IDD) have a significantly lower employment rate compared to the general population even though employment favors social integration and quality of life. AIMS: To examine the barriers and facilitators to employability in mainstream settings for autistic adults without intellectual disability. METHODS: Following the scoping review guidelines, we searched the Cochrane, PubMed and PsycINFO databases for references published between 01/01/2000 to 01/08/2023. RESULTS: A review of the 44 identified articles suggests the existence of multiple individual and environmental factors influencing job access and retention. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first review to assess the facilitators and barriers to employment support for autistic people without intellectual disability. The results underline the need for studying strategies to promote access to employment and job retention for autistic people. Future research should explore the mediating and moderating factors leading to the improvement of employability of autistic people WIDD.

[Design of information tools on technical aids for front-line professionals working with people losing their autonomy]. / Conception de supports d'information sur les aides techniques pour les professionnels travaillant auprès de personnes en perte d'autonomie.

The use of technical aids has a positive impact on the autonomy and quality of life of elderly or disabled people, and is also beneficial for the caregivers and professionals who support them. Nevertheless, there are still major obstacles to their use, notably a general lack of information on technical aids. This observation led us to produce a set of information tools to help people better understand these aids and how to use them.

[Supporting care teams as a lever for improving practices]. / L'accompagnement des équipes de soins comme levier à l'amélioration des pratiques.

Thanks to their guidance and coaching skills, advanced practice nurses (APNs) support teams on a daily basis in improving their practices and developing their reflexivity. Their leadership enables caregivers to question themselves, exchange ideas and think about care from a different angle. Situational analysis sessions provide a space for them to step back, debate and innovate. This meaningful support enabled a newly-qualified IPA to find her place among the teams. Here's a testimonial.

[The integration of peer support in psychiatry, or how to better support patients]. / L'intégration de la pair-aidance en psychiatrie, ou comment mieux accompagner le patient.

Peer support plays an essential role in patient recovery by encouraging a supportive approach based on experiential knowledge. It helps to create individualised care centred on life projects and individual strengths. Within the teams, the knowledge of the peer health mediator and the carers is shared. This approach helps to improve care by drawing on the depth of people's experiences and feelings, and their resilience in the face of illness.

[Working in a CSAPA, care through relationships]. / Travailler en CSAPA, le soin par la relation.

In a medical-social setting, the work of addiction care providers is somewhat unusual. Drawing on the teachings of Carl Rogers and his person-centred approach, and Hildegard Peplau and her theory of care based on the interpersonal relationship, this article explores the possibilities of welcoming a user to an addictology care, support and prevention center that is trying to rethink its operations at a time when advanced practice nurses are being deployed.

[Creation of an early parenthood support system by the CCAS in Le Havre]. / Création d'un dispositif de soutien à la parentalité précoce par le CCAS du Havre.

The phenomenon of early motherhood, although marginal, is slightly higher in Le Havre than the national average. This observation, combined with a worrying socio-economic context, prompted a reflection on the need for specific support for these pregnancies: it led to the creation of a coordination system for early parenthood, piloted by Le Havre's Centre communal d'action sociale (CCAS). This article reports on the experience.

[Chemsex: Harm reduction and support for users]. / Chemsex : réduction des risques et accompagnement des usagers.

The phenomenon of chemsex, or the use of psychoactive substances in a sexual context, is increasing in communities of men who have sex with men (MSM), and carry along significant risks and consequences. No specific treatment approach has yet been established, but risk and harm reduction strategies are at the forefront. Multi-disciplinary treatment, care and support need to be based on a non-judgmental attitude, offered by trained professionals who take into account the cultural specificities of users.

["L'étudiant expert", a podcast for student nurses]. / "L'étudiant expert", un podcast à destination des étudiants infirmiers.

For the past three years, the Institut de formation interhospitalier Théodore-Simon (Ifits) has been embarking on a magnificent adventure to meet its student nurses, collecting their words and testimonials in a series of podcasts, the main aim of which is to shed as much light as possible on the reality of nursing studies. This article retraces the genesis of the project and demonstrates the added value of this tool for future professionals and trainers alike.

[Supporting perinatal professionals]. / L'accompagnement des professionnels en périnatalité.

No professional, no team can be a caregiver if they themselves are not well supported, well "cared for", i.e. if they are not well looked after. Professional support is therefore not a luxury, but a sine qua non of quality care and psychological care. After a few reminders about practice analysis and supervision, the impact of the baby's functioning on that of professionals (an impact to be taken into account in terms of their support) is considered, before tackling the concept of intransitive demand, which is also to be considered in the work of supervision.

[Taking into account the link between health and the environment]. / Prendre en compte le lien entre santé et environnement.

Because of their weight and size, children are much more sensitive to environmental pollution than adults. They breathe, drink and eat more, and therefore absorb more potentially toxic substances, as the European Environment Agency points out. Challenges therefore lie ahead in a number of areas. As soon as pregnancy is announced, prevention and awareness-raising workshops are offered at the three Trousseau-Tenon-Pitié-Salpétrière maternity units of the Sorbonne Université-Paris hospital group of the Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. If a child is suspected of having food allergies and/or requires medical attention, the paediatric allergology department of the Armand-Trousseau hospital in the 12th arrondissement will be contacted.

[An interdisciplinary vision: the role of the dispensing pharmacist in healthcare provision]. / Vision interdisciplinaire : la place du pharmacien d'officine dans l'offre de soins.

Against a backdrop of deteriorating access to healthcare, 95 % of French people see pharmacists as "easy-to-reach" healthcare professionals. As part of this drive to simplify the care process, they are being entrusted with new missions, broadening the scope of patient care. This new organization at the service of the patient contributes to enriching the local healthcare offer, as testified by the pharmacist in charge of a pharmacy in Saint-Marcel, in the Eure region.

[The place of the psychologist in the orthopedics department]. / La place du psychologue dans le service d'orthopédie.

The essential place of the psychologist in the orthopedics department of Pitié-Salpêtrière is to relieve the suffering of polytraumatized patients, to work in a multidisciplinary manner, to participate in the staff of the department to have complete information of the patients, to give an informed opinion on the psychological state of the patient, so as to help in the discussion for making decisions on their trajectory. The role of the psychologist is part of the overall care of patients, care which sometimes extends to the family, the patient's loved ones and the teams who care for them.

[Role of nurses specializing in oncology to support the care journey for patients with penile cancer]. / Rôle des infirmières coordinatrices en oncologie pour accompagner le trajet de soins des patients atteints d'un cancer de la verge.

The role of the specialized nurse in the management of penile cancer is essential to ensure quality care and appropriate support throughout the care pathway. Prior knowledge of the pathology seems essential to us. Organization, communication and education are essential to supporting patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

[The ethical charter for the elderly in the daily life of GHSIF care providers]. / La charte éthique du grand âge dans le quotidien des acteurs de soin du GHSIF.

The elaboration of a charter of ethics and support for the elderly, drawn up by Fabrice Gzil, places different notions of care at the center of the care of the elderly for those working in the field at the Groupe hospitalier sud Île-de-France (GHSIF). The 10 points presented are implemented on a daily basis. By highlighting these actions, the charter can be appropriated and brought to life in order to provide support adapted to the collective and individual needs of the elderly patients and residents.

[Learning about the caregiving relationship in the internship]. / L'apprentissage de la relation soignante en stage.

Nursing students are confronted with the mysteries of the patient encounter during their internship in psychiatry. From this discovery, questions and enigmas remain to be solved. This ephemeral primary relationship, in a time span of a few weeks, is a source of frustration for them. In this context, the presence and professionalism of the team are precious assets that the student must seize. Discovery of the profession of psychiatric nurse illustrated by the testimonies of two students.

[Consideration of parents when caring for children in acute situations]. / La considération des parents lors de la prise en charge de l'enfant en situation aiguë.

A child's illness and hospitalization have repercussions for parents and siblings. Caregivers have a duty not only to care for their young patient, but also to welcome the family, whose dynamics are disrupted. Beyond the somatic and technical aspects, the challenge lies in caring for each member of the family, particularly the parents. The complexities of supporting parents when dealing with a child in an emergency situation will be explored through the testimony of a nursery nurse.

[Preventing and regulating psychoactive substance use among occasional and regular adolescents]. / Prévenir et réguler la consommation de substances psychoactives chez les adolescents.

The academic success and well-being of young people can be undermined by the use of psychoactive substances (PAS), which is particularly prevalent during adolescence, a period vulnerable to social influences. This article is aimed in particular at school and university preventive medicine nurses. It proposes intervention strategies for adolescents who regularly use such substances. Based on the scientific literature, the aim is to examine how psychological support, coupled with a program of adapted physical activity, could limit the use of APS, a factor in academic failure and health risks.

[Alcohol and older women]. / Alcool et troisième âge chez la femme.

Frequently linked to social isolation (widowhood, estrangement from family and friends, etc.), alcoholism in elderly women is often invisible, with a high level of dependence. It potentiates the vulnerabilities and impact of aging. What approach to care and support can geriatric teams offer? What are the care objectives?

[Smoking cessation: two complementary practices of nurses trained in tabacology]. / Sevrage tabagique, deux pratiques complémentaires d'infirmières diplômées en tabacologie.

Smoking is considered a chronic disease and is a public health issue. Support for smoking cessation is well defined within healthcare establishments. Nurses and other paramedical professionals must also make their contribution, whatever their practice. At the University Hospital of Caen Normandie, the renal transplant nurse coordinator in the nephrology-dialysis-transplantation department, who holds a university diploma, works with patients with chronic kidney disease, alongside the nurse tobaccologist in the tobacco coordination unit.

[The time of agony, know, understand to inform and explain]. / Le temps de l'agonie, connaître, comprendre pour informer et expliquer.

The agony, this pivotal moment, which is more or less long, before death, is very anxiety-provoking. When the person and his or her loved ones want this last stage of life to take place at home, healthcare professionals play an important role in providing clinical support to the patient and creating the conditions for relative emotional security for everyone. This requires clinical knowledge and interpersonal skills to explain what is happening to loved ones, to reassure them and to accompany the life that is passing away. A nurse referent in palliative care sheds light on the challenges of this specific multi-professional practice at home.