Third molar agenesis in individuals with supernumerary teeth.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between third molar agenesis and supernumerary tooth formation in a white-European population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A record review in various orthodontic clinics identified 380 eligible white-European individuals, half of whom had non-syndromic permanent supernumerary teeth (122 males and 68 females, totalling 244 supernumerary teeth; median age: 13.1, iqr: 1.5 years), and the other half were age- and sex-matched controls with full dentition, excluding the third molars. Tooth sequences were identified in panoramic radiographs. RESULTS: In the supernumerary group, approximately 80% of the individuals had a single supernumerary tooth, followed by those having two additional teeth. In both groups, there was no sexual dimorphism in third molar agenesis severity. The prevalence of third molar agenesis in the supernumerary group was similar to that of the control group (28/190 = 14.7% in both groups; p = 1.0). In total, 53 third molars were missing in the supernumerary group (n = 190) compared to 67 in the control group (n = 190; p = .862). The ratio of bilateral to unilateral third molar agenesis was significantly lower in the supernumerary group than in the control group (1.0 vs. 3.7, respectively; p = .026). CONCLUSION: The presence of supernumerary teeth did not significantly alter the likelihood of third molar agenesis or its severity. Bilateral third molar agenesis was considerably less prevalent in individuals with supernumerary teeth compared to controls. The present novel findings have important clinical and developmental implications.

Investigation of the fungiform papillae number in children with tooth number anomalies.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between fungiform papillae (FP) numbers and tooth number anomalies in children, considering variables related to hypodontia and hyperdontia. The aim was to explore this association while adjusting for age and sex differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 144 children (aged 8-10) were categorized into hypodontia (n = 48), hyperdontia (n = 48), and control groups (n = 48). Clinical and radiographic diagnoses were used to classify tooth number anomalies. Hypodontia was categorized by number and location, while hyperdontia was categorized by number, shape, and location. FP were assessed using the Denver Papillae Protocol. Data analyses were performed using NCSS software, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The hypodontia group (22.5 ± 8.4) exhibited significantly lower FP than the control group (30.4 ± 9.2) and the hyperdontia group (27.9 ± 7.8) (p < 0.0005, p = 0.003, respectively). No significant difference existed between the hyperdontia and control groups. FP numbers in hypodontia subgroups showed no significant differences based on teeth agenesis numbers or locations. Similarly, hyperdontia subgroup analyses revealed no significant differences in FP numbers based on supernumerary teeth shapes (supplemental, conical, tuberculoid, paramolar) or the numbers of supernumerary teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The lower FP numbers in children with hypodontia suggested an association between teeth and FP number. However, the non-significant difference in FP numbers with hyperdontia underscored the complexity of tooth development, warranting further investigations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Children with hypodontia may exhibit distinct FP numbers compared to those without tooth number anomalies.

Clinical features of non-syndromic late developing supernumerary teeth: a sign of the third dentition?

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to summarize the clinical features of non-syndromic late developing supernumerary teeth (LDST) and comparisons with common supernumerary teeth (ST) and explore the association between LDST and the third dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study retrospected cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and medical history of 41,903 consecutive patients from January to December 2021. Comparisons between ST and LDST were evaluated by Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Correlation between chronological age and dental stage age was evaluated by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the features of LDST originating from the third dentition. RESULTS: Sixty patients with 126 non-syndromic LDST and 1602 patients with 1988 non-syndromic ST were identified. The prevalence of ST and LDST was 3.82% and 0.14%, respectively, with a male-female ratio of 1.78:1 and 1.31:1. LDST patients mainly had LDST in multiple (58.33%) and bilaterally (41.67%), with an average of 2.1/patient. Most LDST were normal-shaped (84.13%), vertically oriented (71.43%), located in the mandible (80.16%), and distributed in the premolar region (82.54%). The study also indicated that the development of LDST was correlated with permanent teeth, with LDST developing 6.48 to 10.45 years later. In this study, 72.22% of LDST met the clinical criteria for the third dentition. CONCLUSIONS: LDST manifested different clinical features from common ST. LDST might be closely related to the third dentition. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This work would help to comprehend LDST from a clinical perspective, and may be complementary to the criteria of the third dentition.

Prevalence of tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth related to different Thai cleft lip and cleft palate populations.

BACKGROUND: Pattern of dental anomalies encountered in cleft patients shows subtle signs of genetic involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth in Thai cleft population according to the cleft type. METHODS: Data collected from patients with cleft lip and palate, who had been treated at Tawanchai Cleft Center, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, available during year 2012-2022, were investigated. Records from 194 patients with non-syndromic clefts met the inclusion criteria. Standard dental records, and at least either orthopantomogram (OPG) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), were examined. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square and binominal test (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: Prevalence of tooth agenesis was higher (77.3%) than that of supernumerary teeth (5.7%) and was more common in bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) (88.1%) than in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) (72.6%) (p = 0.017). The upper lateral incisor was more frequently affected (46.4%), followed by the upper second premolar. The number of missing teeth observed on the left side was significantly higher. Patients with left UCLP (ULCLP) had the highest prevalence of tooth agenesis. A total of 41 tooth agenesis code (TAC) patterns was found. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was comparable with 6.6% of ULCLP, 5.1% of BCLP, and 4.5% of URCLP. Tooth-number anomalies were observed more often in the BCLP and were most likely to occur on the left side of the maxilla. Both types of anomalies could be featured in a small proportion of cleft patients. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the patients with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in this study, presented with tooth-number anomalies. Tooth agenesis was approximately 10-time more prevalent than supernumerary teeth. Tooth agenesis was likely to appear on the left-side of the maxilla regardless of the laterality of the cleft.

PREVALENCE OF DENTITION, DENTAL ARCHES AND DENTAL ANOMALIES.

Malocclusion can have a negative impact on children's quality of life. Patients with severe malocclusions tend to smile less and look for ways to improve their smile. The mentioned study was conducted in 400 patients aged 3 to 18 years, who applied to the dental clinic for orthodontic treatment regardless of age and gender. The aim of the study was the prevalence of occlusion, dental arches and dental anomalies, most often combined occlusion anomalies, functional disorders, carious and filled teeth and periodontal diseases in the examined patients. According to the results of the research, it was established that the majority of the examined patients were female. Among occlusion anomalies, occlusion class II subclass I was detected with the highest frequency. Almost 11% of the examined had a functional disturbances oral and maxillofacial system. 6% of the examined have an anomaly of the shape of the crown of the teeth. 6.25% of cases have microdontia and 5.5% have macrodontia. 1.17% showed pathological wear and 24.55 enamel hypoplasia. 1% supernumerary tooth, of which 0.75% supernumerary tooth between central incisors, 0.25% supernumerary tooth in other area. Persistent tooth in 3.25% of cases. 5% of retentive teeth are one or several teeth at the same time. 26.75% have one or more dystopian postures. Diastema was detected in 19.75%. Most of the examined patients were female, which is explained by the perception of patients and their parents regarding facial aesthetics in relation to gender. Most of the patients turn to orthodontics in cases of occlusal anomalies that are more aesthetically pronounced and easily perceived by others. In the studied society, oral health and oral care skills are given less importance, as evidenced by high rates of periodontal diseases, caries, and filled teeth. In the mentioned population, it is very important to raise the level of knowledge of the importance of oral health, which is possible by conducting educational events in kindergartens, schools, public gathering places, dental clinics.

Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and 3-dimensional radiographic analysis of supernumerary teeth in Guangzhou, China: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the prevalence and clinical and 3-dimensional (3D) radiographic characteristics of supernumerary teeth (ST) in a paediatric dental population. The factors associated with ST eruption potential were analysed, and the optimal extraction time for nonerupted ST was discussed. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in a 13,336-participant baseline population aged 3-12 years for whom panoramic radiographs had been obtained in the hospital from 2019 to 2021. The medical records and radiographic data were reviewed to identify patients with ST. Both the demographic variables and ST characteristics were recorded and analysed . RESULTS: In total, 890 patients with 1,180 ST were screened from the 13,336 baseline population. The ratio of males (679) to females (211) was approximately 3.2:1. Generally, ST occurred singularly and were frequently found in the maxilla (98.1%). A total of 40.8% of ST were erupted, and the 6-year-old age group presented the highest eruption rate (57.8%). The eruption rate of ST was highly negatively correlated with age. A total of 598 patients additionally underwent cone- beam computed tomography (CBCT). According to the CBCT images, the majority of ST were conical, normally oriented, palatally situated, nonerupted and symptomatic. The most common ST-associated complication was failed eruption of adjacent teeth. In addition, symptomatic ST were more common in the 7- to 8- and 9- to 10-year-old age groups. The eruption rate of ST was 25.3% among the patients who had undergone CBCT. A normal orientation and the labial position were significant protective factors for ST eruption, with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.004 (0.000-0.046) and 0.086 (0.007-1.002), respectively. Age and the palatal position were significant risk factors, with ORs of 1.193 (1.065-1.337) and 2.352 (1.377-4.02), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a detailed analysis of ST characteristics in 3-12 year old children. Age as well as the position and orientation of ST were reliable predictors of the ST eruption. An age of 6 years old may be the optimal time for extraction of nonerupted ST to maximize the utilization of eruption potential and reduce the incidence of ST-associated complications.

Associations across 22 dental and craniovertebral anomalies or variations, sagittal skeletal relationships, and vertical growth patterns: a comprehensive epidemiological study of 43 dentoskeletal traits.

INTRODUCTION: Despite researchers' recent interest in identifying links between some dental and craniovertebral abnormalities, there are many important, unassessed gaps in our knowledge of this matter. In addition, previous samples were small. This large study aimed to examine, for the first time, the occurrence/severity of numerous dental and skeletal anomalies or variations and their correlations with each other and with growth patterns. METHODS: This epidemiological study was conducted on pretreatment radiographs of 1194 patients from 3 cities (815 females). Skeletal sagittal skeletal relationships and vertical growth patterns were determined. The occurrence/severity were assessed for: cervical vertebral fusion (CVF), atlas posterior arch deficiency (APAD), ponticulus posticus (PP), sella turcica bridging (STB), hypodontia, oligodontia, hyperdontia, missing of maxillary laterals, microdontia, macrodontia, root dilaceration, odontoma, taurodontism, dental fusion, dental gemination, enamel pearl, permanent molar ankylosis, primary molar ankylosis, dens in dente, dens invaginatus, dental impaction, ectopic eruption, and dental transposition. Incidental findings were recorded as well. Concurrent anomalies, sex dimorphism, and correlations across variables were examined statistically, adjusting for the false discovery rate (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Prevalence was calculated for 43 dentoskeletal traits/anomalies (22 abnormalities/variations [plus their severities/types] as well as 21 incidentally found traits/anomalies). Dental impaction may be more common in hyperdivergent and severer cases of sella bridging; also, primary molar ankylosis was associated with missing teeth. Dental impaction was associated only with STB and not with PP, APAD, or vertebral fusion. The only association observed among the four skeletal anomalies was seen between APAD and CVF. Merely the variables 'sagittal skeletal relationships, vertical growth patterns, PP, and APAD' showed sexual dimorphism; of these, only vertical growth pattern and APAD remained sexually dimorphic after adjusting for the FDR; still, the other two remained marginally significant and worth further evaluations. Sex dimorphism did not exist in concurrent abnormalities. The skeletal Class III was associated with the concurrent occurrence of craniovertebral, dental, and dentoskeletal abnormalities. Skeletal Class I was associated with fewer occurrences of concurrent dental anomalies. Vertical growth patterns were not associated with concurrent dental or dentoskeletal anomalies. However, the hyperdivergent pattern was associated with fewer cases of concurrent craniovertebral abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: STB and hyperdivergent pattern were associated with dental impaction. However, APAD, CVF, or PP were not associated with dental impaction. APAD was associated with CVF. Sexual dimorphism existed conclusively in the case of vertical growth patterns and APAD. Concurrent abnormalities (dental, skeletal, and dentoskeletal) were associated with skeletal Class III.

Determination of the range of intervention timing for supernumerary teeth using the Korean health insurance review and assessment service database.

This study aimed to identify the frequency of complications during the diagnosis, observation, and treatment of supernumerary teeth or odontomas and evaluate the relationship between complications and the timing of surgical intervention. This study was conducted based on data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service between January 2008 and December 2019. A 2-year washout period was applied, and a follow-up period of at least 2 years was also included. During the observation period, the age at diagnosis of supernumerary teeth and odontomas was analyzed using major diagnostic codes, and the treatment codes were used to determine the interval between diagnosis and surgical intervention. The incidence rates of supernumerary teeth (1.21%) and odontomas (0.36%) were comparable to that reported in previous studies. The frequency of supernumerary teeth was the highest in the anterior region, followed by the premolar and molar regions. The average ages at diagnosis according to the location of the supernumerary teeth were 7.25, 13.98, and 16.11 years in the anterior, premolar, and molar regions, respectively. The age at diagnosis correlated with the maturity period of the teeth at the corresponding location. For the supernumerary tooth group, surgical intervention was more likely to occur when malocclusion (p < 0.0001) or tooth eruption disturbances (p < 0.0001) were present or dentigerous cysts were absent (p = 0.006). For the odontoma group, malocclusion (p = 0.251) was not correlated with surgical intervention. When tooth eruption disturbances (p = 0.002) and dentigerous cysts (p < 0.0001) were present, surgical intervention was more likely to occur. Pediatric dentists should conduct timely clinical checks and periodic follow-ups to prevent complications and unnecessary orthodontic treatments in patients with supernumerary teeth or odontomas.

The Prevalence and Morphology of Supernumerary Teeth in Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate.

INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is congenital deformity associated with hyperdontia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of supernumerary teeth in patients with CL/P. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive and correlation clinical study. PATIENTS: One hundred thirteen children with cleft (age ranged 9.3-19.2; 67 males and 46 females) treated in Clinic of Congenital Facial Deformities Medical University of Lublin were included in the study. METHODS: Records evaluation was conducted regarding age, gender, cleft type (Q36, Q37-International Classification of Diseases 10th revision), cleft side, and incidence of supernumeraries. In all supernumerary teeth, size, shape, and developmental degree were analyzed and correlation between the incidence of hyperdontia with different variables was checked. Correlations were detected using chi-square and the Yates correction. RESULTS: The majority of the examined group were males-59.29% with Q37 (67.26%) and the cleft on the left side (62.83%). Hyperdontia was noted in 26.55%. Only upper lateral incisors were affected. They usually had atypical shape (56.67%), reduced size (83.33%), and delayed development (56.67%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of supernumerary permanent teeth in patients with cleft was higher than in the general population. Anomaly was more frequent in male patients and occurred mainly on the cleft side. The severity of the cleft did not influenced the frequency of supernumerary teeth, their shape, size, and developmental degree. Supernumerary teeth were characterized by reduced crown size, abnormal structure, incorrect inclination, and delayed development phase.

Dental anomalies and their therapeutic implications: retrospective assessment of a frequent finding in patients with cleft lip and palate.

BACKGROUND: Orofacial clefts are characterized by a frequent occurrence of dental anomalies. Numerous studies demonstrate the high prevalence of dental aplasia, supernumerary teeth, and hypoplastic teeth in patients with cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL/P), yet the therapeutic consequences are rarely discussed. This study explores prevalence, localization, and association between primary and secondary dentition in a large European collective and begins to evaluate the significance of dental anomalies in the therapeutic course of patients with CL/P. METHODS: The medical reports of 1070 patients with different entities of CL/P who presented to our clinic within a 15-year investigation period were evaluated retrospectively. Dental anomalies were classified into three different diagnostic groups: dental aplasia, supernumerary teeth and hypoplastic teeth. The statistical analyses included studies of the frequency and localization of dental anomalies in different cleft entities as well as of the association between primary and secondary dentition and the therapeutic consequences. RESULTS: Uni- or bilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) (47.5%) occurred most frequently, followed by cleft palate only (CPO) (32.9%) and cleft lip with or without alveolus (CL ± A) (19.6%). Dental anomalies were found significantly more often on the side of the cleft. Aplastic permanent teeth were mostly found in patients with CLP (54.8%), while supernumerary permanent teeth occurred primarily in patients with CL ± A (21.7%). Patients with CPO presented dental aplasia but no patient with CPO showed supernumerary teeth. The occurrence of dental aplasia in the primary dentition significantly increases the probability of aplastic teeth in the permanent dentition. Dental anomalies, in particular dental aplasia, significantly increase patients' need for subsequent orthodontic therapy and orthognathic surgery. CONCLUSION: Dental aplasia and hypoplasia are common in patients with CL/P not only in the cleft area but in the whole dentition. In the event of dental aplasia in the primary dentition, the frequency of aplastic teeth in the permanent dentition is significantly higher. Additionally, the need for therapeutic interventions, especially concerning orthognathic surgery, seems to be significantly higher in patients with CL/P who are affected by dental anomalies. Clinicians should take this into account when creating long-term treatment plans.

Prevalence of dental anomalies in a sample of growing subjects: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: dental anomalies are a group of disorders characterized by alterations in tooth number, shape, size, structure, development, and timing of eruption due to genetic and environmental factors. OBJECTIVES: to identify the prevalence of dental anomalies in a large sample of non-orthodontic subjects. DESIGN: a retrospective chart review was conducted based on digital panoramic radiographs by two examiners who assessed the presence of displacement of the maxillary canines (DMC), impacted teeth (IT), tooth agenesis (TA), supernumerary/supplementary teeth (ST), and tooth transpositions (TT). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: radiographs of subjects aged between 8 and 18 years were analysed. A chi2 test was employed to assess possible associations between the number and type of dental anomalies and patients' gender. When an association was present, a binary logistic regression was conducted to calculate the odds ratio between the variables. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: a total of 1,124 subjects (25.7%) showed at least one dental anomaly. DMC (12.1%) and IT (12%) were the most frequent dental anomalies. The most represented impacted teeth were the upper canine (9.2%) and the upper central incisor (1.3%). TA was detected in 296 radiographs (6.8%), with 134 showing two or more TA. The prevalence of ST and TT in the total sample was 2.2% and 0.7%, respectively. Associations were found between ST and IT, between TA and DMC, and between TA and IT. CONCLUSIONS: the results obtained encourage the radiographic investigation of dental anomalies at an early stage.

Epidemiological, clinical, radiographic characterization of non-syndromic supernumerary teeth in Chinese children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study was purposed to evaluate epidemiological, clinical, and 3D radiological features of supernumerary teeth (ST) in a non-syndromic Chinese children and adolescent dental population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Original cone-beam CT (CBCT) data from 18,861 patients aged from 6 to 17 years with dental maxillofacial diseases treated in a Chinese dental hospital from June 2012 to December 2018 were utilized to screen patients with ST. Diagnosis and characterizations of ST were analyzed by CBCT coupled with 3D reconstruction. All relevant epidemiological, clinical, and radiographic details about ST were collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Among total 18,861 patients, 2,768 ST were identified in 1984 subjects with a prevalence of 10.52% and a male:female ratio of 1.86:1. Majority of ST were single, conical, inverted, impacted, and located in maxilla anterior region. ST-associated complications mainly included malposition, rotation, and impaction of adjacent teeth, which were notably associated with morphology and position of ST. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ST in Chinese children and adolescent dental population was 10.52% and tended to present as single, conical, inverted, and impacted, which resulted in abnormalities of neighboring teeth. Our outcomes are beneficial for clinicians to more comprehensively understand the incidence, characterization, and clinical treatment planning of ST in dental children and adolescents.

Prevalence of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth in a German cleft lip with/without palate population.

BACKGROUND: The distribution of dental abnormalities among cleft patients concerning cleft type frequently poses ambiguity wherefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth in an exemplary German cleft population dependent on the cleft type. METHODS: Radiographs and dental records of cleft patients, which had been treated and followed up in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Dresden, Germany (investigation period of 22 years) were evaluated concerning hypodontia and supernumerary teeth dependent on the cleft type. Out of 386 records, 108 patients met the inclusion criteria: non-syndromic cleft of the alveolus with or without palate (CL/P), at least one clear panoramic x-ray, sufficient dental records. Statistical analysis was performed using x-square and binominal test (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: Hypodontia was more frequent (54/50%) than supernumerary teeth (36/33.3%) and was more common in bilateral clefts of the lip and palate (BCLP) (70.1%) than in unilateral clefts of the lip and palate (UCLP) (51.6%) or clefts of the lip and alveolus (CLA) (34.5%) (p << 0.001). There was an average of 0.9 missing teeth per patient, thereof the upper lateral incisor was most often affected (23.2%). In contrast, supernumerary teeth were more frequent in CLA (51.7%; p = 0.014) than UCLP (29.0%) and BCLP patients (17.6%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence for numerical dental anomalies was significantly different among the cleft types. Hypodontia significantly increased with the extend of the cleft, whereas the prevalence of supernumerary teeth decreased.

Epidemiological, clinical, and 3-dimentional CBCT radiographic characterizations of supernumerary teeth in a non-syndromic adult population: a single-institutional study from 60,104 Chinese subjects.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to delineate the prevalence, clinical, and 3-dimentional radiographic characteristics of adult supernumerary teeth (ST found) in a Chinese non-syndromic, dental population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were utilized to identify adult patients with ST in a tertiary referral dental hospital between June 2012 and December 2018. CBCT scan coupled with 3-dimentional reconstruction was used to characterize the detailed location, morphology, orientation of ST, and their relationship with adjacent teeth and neighboring structures. All relevant information regarding age and gender of patients, morphology, and 3-dimentional topography of ST as well as ST-associated complications were recorded and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A total number of 1149 ST was identified in 921 eligible patients screened from 60,104 subjects with the prevalence of 1.5%. Male patients outnumbered females with a gender ratio of 1.76:1. The majority of ST was single, located in the maxilla, especially the maxillary central incisor region. Most ST were conical shape, inverted orientation, and impacted. ST-associated complications including impaction or root resorption of adjacent teeth, and cystic/tumor-like lesions were totally found in 13% ST and significantly associated with location, orientation, and morphology of ST. CONCLUSIONS: Most ST in Chinese adults were conical, inverted, impacted, and located in the maxillary central incisor region, and associated with various complications. Our findings offer valuable information concerning the prevalence, clinical, and radiographic characteristics of ST in non-syndromic Chinese adults. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings are beneficial for clinicians to comprehensively understand the incidence, pathogenesis, and clinical management of ST.

Is there any relationship between hypodontia and hyperdontia with taurodontism, microdontia and macrodontia? A retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Hypodontia and hyperdontia may occur with other dental anomalies such as microdontia, taurodontism, talon cusp, macrodontia and germination. AIMS: The aim of this study to evaluate the relationship between hypodontia and hyperdontia with taurodontism, macrodontia and microdontia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 2,348 Turkish patients aged 7 to 12 years and treated between 01.01.2017 and 01.01.2018 in Bahcelievler Oral and Dental Health Hospital were evaluated. Data were collected and differences in the distribution of hypodontia and hyperdontia including other dental anomalies were analysed. RESULTS: Of the total sample of 2,348 patients, 1,126 (48%) were girls, 1,222 (52%) were boys. Hypodontia was found in 177 children (93 girls (53%), 84 boys (47%)). The prevalence of hypodontia and hyperdontia were 7.5% and 0.9%. Taurodontism is the most common dental anomalies in hypodontia patients (39%) followed by microdontia (10%). Taurodontism was more prevalent in girls (42%) than in boys (36.5%). Microdontia was found in 10 patients and macrodontia was observed in 9 hypodontia patients. Hyperdontia was found in 21 children [8 girls (38%), 13 boys (62%)]. The most common supernumerary tooth found was mesiodens (85%) and it's more prevalent in boys (67%) than in girls (33%). Taurodontism is the most common dental anomaly (48%) following macrodontia (19%) and were found to be much more prevalent in boys (53%) (23%) than in girls (37.5%) (12.5%). Microdontia was found in only 1 boy (%7.7) in hyperdontia patients. CONCLUSION: Hypodontia and hyperdontia with taurodontism, microdontia, and macrodontia need much more complex treatment plan. All cases should be evaluated using interdisciplinary approach for appropriate treatment choice. This helps in longterm and effective treatment planning according to a child's individual requirements.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Supernumerary Teeth in Israeli Orthodontic Patients.

BACKGROUND: Supernumerary teeth are one of the most common anomalies in the human dentition, found most frequently in the maxillary anterior region causing impaction or displacement of the adjacent permanent teeth. AIM: The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of supernumerary teeth in orthodontically treated patients. STUDY DESIGN: Pre-treatment facial and intraoral photographs, study models, panoramic and periapical radiographs of 3,000 consecutively treated orthodontic patients (mean age 12.2 years) from the Department of Orthodontics Tel Aviv University, were examined to detect supernumerary teeth in both arches. They were recorded according to gender, age, number, location, position and morphology. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients, 22 (61%) males and 14 (39%) females with 50 supernumerary teeth, of which 42 (84%) were found in the maxillary anterior region, and 8 (16%) in the mandible, presenting a prevalence of 1.2%. CONCLUSIONS: A prevalence of 1.2% was found in our study. The most common supernumerary tooth is mesiodens located at the maxillary anterior region. The characteristics of supernumeraries were based on their morphology, location and position. The most frequent complications caused were rotations, displacement and arrested eruption of maxillary incisors.

A comprehensive survey of natal and neonatal teeth in newborns.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical and histological characteristics and determine the incidence of natal/neonatal teeth in a large Turkish population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Among 17,829 newborns, who were hospitalized at the Neonatal Clinic of a governmental Children's Hospital between 2005 and 2011, 27 neonates were diagnosed with erupted teeth, which were examined in terms of location, clinical appearance and mobility. Besides histological evaluation, a positive family history was also recorded. The variables were analyzed using Chi-square test. RESULTS: Thirty-two natal/neonatal teeth were observed in 27 infants. The incidence of both natal and neonatal teeth was found to be 1:660, while the incidences were separately recorded as 1:1,048 and 1:1,782, respectively. The histological examination revealed a thin hypoplastic enamel layer and a normal dentin layer. There was no difference between the two genders in terms of natal/neonatal tooth type, positive family history and tooth morphology (p > 0.05); or between normal and conical shapes with regard to natal/neonatal tooth type, positive family history and tooth color (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study exhibited a higher incidence in natal teeth than neonatal teeth. Macroscopic features were not found to be positively related to gender and tooth type.

Characteristics of Supernumerary Teeth in Nonsyndromic Population in an Urban Dental School Setting.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical records of all patients evaluated for supernumerary teeth at the University of Illinois-Chicago Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery postgraduate clinic from January 1, 2010 to October 31, 2015 to determine the demographics of impacted supernumerary teeth among different ethnicities in the city of Chicago. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case series was completed on patients eligible for inclusion in the study who had a diagnosis of at least 1 full bony impacted supernumerary tooth (D7240). Other variables evaluated included date of surgical intervention, age at time of treatment, gender, ethnicity, location and number of supernumerary teeth present, and family history of supernumerary teeth. RESULTS: There were 459 male and 308 female patients (male-to-female ratio, 1.5:1). Patient ages ranged from 4 to 51 years (average, 13.1) at the time of surgery. Five hundred seventy-three patients (74.7%) were of Hispanic descent. Supernumerary teeth were found most frequently in the maxilla (69.9%), specifically in the central incisor region (526 teeth; 51.2%). Of the responding patient sample (258 patients), 53 patients (20.5%) reported a family history of supernumerary dentition. Of these 53 patients who reported a family history of supernumerary dentition, 37 (69.8%) were of Hispanic descent. Most of these Hispanic patients (83.8%) originated from Mexico. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of supernumerary teeth is higher in male patients (male-to-female ratio, 1.5:1), and these teeth are most frequently found in the maxilla (69.9%), specifically the central incisor region (51.2%). A large percentage of patients (20.5%) also had first-degree relatives with a supernumerary dentition, and this fact might warrant further investigation into the possible genetics responsible for the formation of supernumerary teeth.

Secondary Dentition Characteristics in Children With Nonsyndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Retrospective Study.

OBJECTIVE: Children with cleft lip and palate are reported to be commonly associated with higher prevalence of dental anomalies such as hypodontia, supernumeraries, and abnormalities in tooth size, shape, and position. This study investigated the prevalence of dental anomalies in a longitudinal cohort of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). DESIGN: The study was a retrospective analysis of radiographs, study models, and treatment notes. PATIENTS: Sixty patients with repaired UCLP aged 13 years old with complete dental records dating from 5 years of age were included. METHODS: Study casts, dental panoramic, anterior maxillary occlusal, and periapical radiographs of the patients were examined for cleft-sidedness, congenitally missing permanent teeth, supernumerary teeth, microdontic, and macrodontic teeth in the anterior maxillary region, presence of malformed permanent cleft-sided lateral incisor and its morphology (peg-shaped, conical shaped, canine-formed), positions of the permanent lateral incisors relative to the cleft side and presence of rotated cleft-sided central incisors. RESULTS: Of the 60 patients studied, 63.3% had hypodontia, 21.7% had supernumerary teeth, 69.6% had microdontia, and 12.5% had macrodontia. All of the cleft-sided permanent lateral incisors had associated anomalies, with a large proportion (43.1%) missing; and when present in 31 subjects, the majority (90.3%) was positioned distal to the cleft. Most of the cleft-sided permanent central incisors were rotated if present, and prevalent at 86.7%. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of dental anomalies was observed in this sample of children with UCLP.

A survey of natal and neonatal teeth in newborn infants.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Since there is no comprehensive research of natal and neonatal teeth in Taiwan, careful investigation of natal or neonatal teeth is worthy of being studied. This retrospective study investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of natal or neonatal teeth in a hospital setting, and analyzed the possible relationships between investigated variables of the natal or neonatal teeth. METHODS: All of the 12,019 infants born at an assigned hospital between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2014 were investigated for natal or neonatal teeth. The identified individuals were reviewed for systemic diseases. Dental examinations included the location, clinical appearance, and degree of mobility. A positive family history of natal or neonatal teeth and mother's physical condition before delivery were also investigated. The collected data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Thirty infants were identified with a total of 43 natal or neonatal teeth (females, 19; males, 11). Most of the teeth were in the mandibular primary incisor position (97.6%). A radiographic examination confirmed that not all of the natal or neonatal teeth were supernumerary. No significant differences were observed between males and females in tooth morphology, positive family history, and treatment methods (p > 0.05) or between normal and conical shapes in positive family history, premature infant, mother's physical condition before delivery, and treatment methods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Most of the natal or neonatal teeth were in the mandibular primary incisor position and not all of them were supernumerary. No gender differences were found in tooth morphology, positive family history, and treatment methods. The tooth morphology was not significantly related to a positive family history, premature delivery, or the mother's physical condition before delivery.