Clinical Performance of Short Fibre-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations in Cervical Carious Lesions: 12-Month Randomized Clinical Trial.

The aim was to assess the clinical performance of experimental short fiber-reinforced glass-ionomer cement (FR-GIC) in the treatment of cervical caries lesions. A total of 45 patients were randomly enrolled in this trial according to the split-mouth design. The FR-GIC was prepared by adding short glass fibers at a mass ratio of 20% into the powder portion of Fuji II LC. The cervical lesions in the intervention group were restored with FR-GIC, while unmodified Fuji II LC was applied as the control. Clinical evaluation was performed by two blinded operators at baseline, at 6, and 12 months using modified USPHS criteria. The data were analyzed using Friedman's test, followed by the Nemenyi post hoc test with a significance level of α = 0.05. After 1 year, all restorations were fully retained. There was no statistically significant difference (p⟩0.05) between the two materials based on the evaluated criteria. Both groups had 4 (10%) cases with Bravo scores for cavos-surface marginal discoloration. Regarding marginal integrity, Bravo scores were observed in 5 (12.5%) cases in the intervention group and 4 (10%) cases in the control group. Both materials in the treatment of cervical caries lesions demonstrated satisfactory clinical outcome throughout the 12-month follow-up.

Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos, Malathion, and Dimethoate by Three Strains of Bacteria Isolated from Pesticide-Polluted Soils in Sudan.

This study was done to identify pesticide-biodegrading microorganisms and to characterize degradation rates. Bacillus safensis strain FO-36bT, Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain KCTC13429T, and Bacillus cereus strain ATCC14579T were isolated from pesticide-polluted soil in Sudan, separately incubated with each pesticide with periodic samples drawn for GC and GC-MS. Pesticide biodegradation followed a biphasic model. α and ß half-lives (days) of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and dimethoate in B. safensis culture were 2.13, 4.76; 2.59, 5.66; and 9.5, 11.0, respectively. Values in B. subtilis and B. cereus cultures were 4.09, 9.45 and 4.33, 9.99 for chlorpyrifos; 2.99, 5.36 and 2.43, 4.71 for malathion; and 9.53, 15.11 and 4.16, 9.27 for dimethoate. No metabolite was detected in B. subtilis cultures, whereas a few were detected from B. safensis and B. cereus cultures. Bacterial efficiency can be ordered as B. safensis > B. subtilis > B. cereus for chlorpyrifos and B. cereus > B. subtilis > B. safensis for malathion and dimethoate.