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1.
Clin Infect Dis ; 68(3): 409-418, 2019 01 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29905769

RESUMEN

Background: Although there is evidence of person-to-person transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in household and healthcare settings, more data are needed to describe and better understand the risk factors and transmission routes in both settings, as well as the extent to which disease severity affects transmission. Methods: A seroepidemiological investigation was conducted among MERS-CoV case patients (cases) and their household contacts to investigate transmission risk in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Cases diagnosed between 1 January 2013 and 9 May 2014 and their household contacts were approached for enrollment. Demographic, clinical, and exposure history data were collected. Sera were screened by MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence, with results confirmed by microneutralization assay. Results: Thirty-one of 34 (91%) case patients were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and did not require oxygen during hospitalization. MERS-CoV antibodies were detected in 13 of 24 (54%) case patients with available sera, including 1 severely symptomatic, 9 mildly symptomatic, and 3 asymptomatic case patients. No serologic evidence of MERS-CoV transmission was found among 105 household contacts with available sera. Conclusions: Transmission of MERS-CoV was not documented in this investigation of mostly asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic cases and their household contacts. These results have implications for clinical management of cases and formulation of isolation policies to reduce the risk of transmission.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/transmisión , Transmisión de Enfermedad Infecciosa , Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , Infecciones por Coronavirus/inmunología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Salud de la Familia , Femenino , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Indirecta , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Emiratos Árabes Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
2.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 22(7): 1162-8, 2016 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27314227

RESUMEN

In January 2013, several months after Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, began surveillance for MERS-CoV. We analyzed medical chart and laboratory data collected by the Health Authority-Abu Dhabi during January 2013-May 2014. Using real-time reverse transcription PCR, we tested respiratory tract samples for MERS-CoV and identified 65 case-patients. Of these patients, 23 (35%) were asymptomatic at the time of testing, and 4 (6%) showed positive test results for >3 weeks (1 had severe symptoms and 3 had mild symptoms). We also identified 6 clusters of MERS-CoV cases. This report highlights the potential for virus shedding by mildly ill and asymptomatic case-patients. These findings will be useful for MERS-CoV management and infection prevention strategies.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio , Adulto , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Emiratos Árabes Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
3.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 22(4): 647-56, 2016 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26981708

RESUMEN

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections sharply increased in the Arabian Peninsula during spring 2014. In Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, these infections occurred primarily among healthcare workers and patients. To identify and describe epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of persons with healthcare-associated infection, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported to the Health Authority of Abu Dhabi during January 1, 2013-May 9, 2014. Of 65 case-patients identified with MERS-CoV infection, 27 (42%) had healthcare-associated cases. Epidemiologic and genetic sequencing findings suggest that 3 healthcare clusters of MERS-CoV infection occurred, including 1 that resulted in 20 infected persons in 1 hospital. MERS-CoV in healthcare settings spread predominantly before MERS-CoV infection was diagnosed, underscoring the importance of increasing awareness and infection control measures at first points of entry to healthcare facilities.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/transmisión , Infección Hospitalaria/transmisión , Hospitales , Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Animales , Camelus/virología , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/virología , Femenino , Personal de Salud , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio/clasificación , Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio/aislamiento & purificación , Emiratos Árabes Unidos/epidemiología
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