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1.
Saudi Pharm J ; 32(10): 102168, 2024 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39295783

RESUMEN

Introduction: Despite the availability of new cardio-protective oral hypoglycemic drugs, insulin is often recommended as an add-on therapy for type-2 diabetes with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) ≥ 9. Introducing insulin as a choice for patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia (HbA1C≥9) has been questionably associated with cardiovascular sequelae. This study aims to examine the association between insulin use and cardiovascular effects in type-2 diabetic patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Methodology: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted to identify cardiovascular complications between the two groups (patients with HbA1C≥9% on insulin versus those with HbA1C≥9% without insulin) at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC). Patients with type-2 diabetes whose HbA1C was ≥ 9 during the period from 2015 to 2018 and who were followed up within the hospital for at least 5 years until the end of 2022 were included in the study. Results: A total of 366 patients were included in the study; 286 patients were on insulin, while 80 patients were not. The median baseline HbA1C levels were comparable between the two groups (10.2 versus 9.8). After 5 years of follow-up, there was no significant difference between the groups (29.4 % of insulin users versus 18.8 % of non-insulin users; p = 0.065). However, the incidence of other diabetes complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, was significantly higher among patients who were on insulin compared to those not on insulin (50.7 % versus 27.5 %; p = 0.005). Additionally, the average of the last three HbA1C readings and the overall average HbA1C readings were significantly higher among patients who were on insulin (9.67 % versus 9.07 %; p = 0.001) compared to those not on insulin (9.64 % versus 9.11 %; p = 0.005). Conclusion: Our study did not find a significant association between the use of insulin and cardiovascular complications. The association between insulin therapy and the development of other diabetes complications warrants further investigation.

2.
J Interprof Care ; 37(1): 47-57, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34979851

RESUMEN

Interprofessional education (IPE) has potential benefits for improving the quality of patient care, but its implementation is challenged with multiple barriers. The primary objectives of this study were to explore the challenges, benefits, and incentives to establishing IPE from the perspective of healthcare faculty at King Saud University. Forty-five faculty members attended six focus groups, each consisting of 6-8 faculty members representing the five colleges. The focus group interview guide included the benefits of and barriers to establishing IPE in this academic institution, curricular design, and the feasibility of support from the colleges and University administration. A SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Challenges) frame work was utilized to guide the focus group discussions, and the data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged and were related to (i) barriers, (ii) benefits, (iii) opportunities to facilitate the introduction of IPE, and (iv) suggestions on how to implement IPE and overcome challenges to establish an IPE curriculum. Participants were generally supportive of IPE and aware of the constraints that might impede its implementation. Moreover, they identified potential barriers and incentives to promote IPE. Although participants appreciated the long-term benefits of IPE, creating a supportive environment will require the involvement of the academic community, including students, faculty members, and the University's top management.


Asunto(s)
Educación Interprofesional , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Humanos , Arabia Saudita , Docentes , Curriculum
3.
Saudi Pharm J ; 31(10): 101786, 2023 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37771956

RESUMEN

Objectives: To assess the community pharmacists' (CPs) knowledge, attitude, and perception of health-related illness among pilgrims, and to investigate the common diseases and the pattern of medications dispensed by CPs during Hajj and Umrah seasons. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over two months in 2022, through electronic platform using prevalidated questionnaires adopted from the literature. The questionnaires were divided into 4 sections assessing the CP's knowledge, attitude, and perception about health-related illness, common dispensed agents, and required vaccination during Hajj and Umrah. Results: A total of 544 CPs, mostly between the age of 31-40 (69.9%), participated in this research. About 87.9% of the CPs received a pilgrim after performing their rituals coming to the pharmacy complaining of infection or health problem. In this study, 99.8%(n = 544), 99.6%(n = 543), and 92.7% (n = 505) of the CPs identified influenza, food poisoning, and diarrhea/gastroenteritis as the most common issues during the Hajj & Umrah season respectively. As results, anti-diarrheal agents (96.3%), painkillers (87.3%), inhalers (89.4%), and sunscreens (88.3%) were the most requested pharmaceutical agents. Additionally, 96.7%(n = 527) of the CPs agreed that vaccination is safe to be given to Hajj and Umrah pilgrims particularly for those aged ≥ 65 years, and 89.4%(n = 487) of them reported awareness of vaccines that are required by Saudi Ministry of Health. Both Influenza and meningococcal meningitis vaccines were identified by 99.8% of the CPs, but polio vaccine was identified by 33.9%. Conclusion: Community pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care services for Hajj and Umrah pilgrims. The majority of CPs had adequate knowledge about viral diseases during Hajj and Umrah and their requirement for vaccination.

4.
Saudi Pharm J ; 30(4): 340-346, 2022 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35527833

RESUMEN

Introduction: Despite the public routine use of aspirin as cardio-prophylaxis agent, its use is only recommended in particular situations, and not as usual primary prevention. Only few local studies investigate the use of aspirin in patients with certain diseases, but not within the public population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of aspirin use and identify the demographic and clinical characteristics among Saudi users. Methodology: A cross-sectional study targeting Saudi adults in Saudi Arabia was conducted over a period of four months in 2021 using online Google forms. The study collected data to assess the prevalence of use, use of aspirin according to prevention type, users' characteristics and comorbidities. Additionally, a self-assessment of knowledge, perception, reasons and attitude towards aspirin use among Saudi adults was conducted. A chi-square test was used to determine the association between the variables. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of aspirin use was 47%. Regarding the self-assessed aspirin knowledge, the majority of the respondents (n = 481; 62.4 %) found to have good knowledge. Less than half of the participants (n = 341; 44%) use aspirin as primary prevention agent while only 23 participants (2.9%) use aspirin as secondary prevention agent. There was a significant difference between gender and user type (p = 0.001). With regards to comorbidities, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity were common among the primary users of aspirin. Significant associations were found (p = 0.001) between participant's user type and the following characteristics such as smoking status, past medical history, presence of comorbidities. Conclusion: Aspirin use is commonly prevalent Saudi population with good level of knowledge of the therapy; however, its popular use as primary preventive agent for CVD may necessitate medical advice based on the level of cardiovascular risk.

5.
Int J Clin Pract ; 75(11): e14796, 2021 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34482618

RESUMEN

AIM: Warfarin is commonly used in patients with thrombotic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Ramadan fasting on warfarin efficacy by investigating international normalised ratio (INR) stability in medically stable patients. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital during Ramadan 2016 on fasting adult patients aged above 18 years and receiving warfarin. The INR values during pre-Ramadan, Ramadan and post-Ramadan periods were collected after satisfying the inclusion criteria. Time within the therapeutic range (TTR) during the whole period was estimated using the conventional method. RESULTS: In total, 101 patients were included in the study. The mean age (SD) was 55.8 ± 15.5 years, and 52.4% were females. The target INR range for 62.4% was 2-3, while 37.6% had a target INR range of 2.5-3.5. An upward trend in the proportion of patients with therapeutic INR was noticed during Ramadan (59.4%) as compared to pre- (56.4%) and post-Ramadan periods (53.5%) respectively. Additionally, the proportions of patients with supratherapeutic and sub-therapeutic INR were the highest and lowest, 23% and 24% respectively post-Ramadan as compared to other periods. Based on target INR categorisation, achieving therapeutic INR during Ramadan was more feasible with the low INR (2-3) compared to the high INR (2.5-3.5) target patients, 63.5% vs 52.6% respectively. TTR estimation revealed 62.4% and 37.6% of the patients had good and poor, respectively, anticoagulation status throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: Despite the changes in mean INR and proportion of patients with therapeutic INR during Ramadan compared to other non-fasting months, our results confirmed that short-term fasting during Ramadan has no significant influence on INR stability and, consequently, therapeutic efficacy in warfarin-treated medically stable patients.


Asunto(s)
Ayuno , Warfarina , Adulto , Anciano , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Coagulación Sanguínea , Femenino , Humanos , Relación Normalizada Internacional , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos
6.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 58(1)2021 Dec 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35056322

RESUMEN

Background and Objectives: Globally, diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a life-threatening disease that, if it remains uncontrolled, can lead to mortality or serious complications. Despite the noticeable benefits of clinical pharmacist in managing diabetes, some institutions in Saudi Arabia are reluctant to establish a pharmacist-led diabetic clinic for monitoring and follow-up. The objective of this study is to assess the glycemic control by comparing the reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) percentage between patients followed in the pharmacist-led diabetic clinics vs. those followed in physician-led diabetic clinics. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study with a 12-month follow-up were used to detect the difference in the glycemic control by comparing the reduction in HbA1c percentage from the baseline, and average changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), and lipid panel between the two groups. The level of self-care was assessed by Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Questionnaire. Results: The study involved 52 patients who visited the diabetic clinic at a community teaching hospital. Exactly 24 patients were followed by the pharmacist-led diabetic clinics, while 28 were followed by physician-led diabetic clinics. HbA1c baseline was 8.7% and 8.4% for pharmacist and physician, respectively. The average difference in HbA1c for the pharmacist-led diabetic clinics vs. the physician-led diabetic clinics was not statistically significant (8.67 vs. 8.56; p = 0.77). Moreover, no difference in the glucose profile, lipid panel, and blood pressure were seen between the two groups. However, the median HbA1c change from baseline between the two groups significantly favored the pharmacist-led clinic (0.7 vs. 0.003; p = 0.04).The average of responses in all four aspects of the SDSCA (diet, exercise, blood sugar testing, and foot care) was also higher among patients in the pharmacist-led diabetic clinic. Conclusions: Pharmacist-led diabetic clinics for glycemic control and follow-up showed efficient results that encourage the comprehensive and integral inter-professional patient care.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Médicos , Hemoglobina Glucada/análisis , Control Glucémico , Humanos , Farmacéuticos
7.
Saudi Pharm J ; 29(11): 1336-1342, 2021 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34819794

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Repeat prescription refers to a re-prescribed medications list issued by a refill clinic, commonly for stable chronic illnesses. The issues regarding repeat prescriptions have garnered increasing important in recent years, as no general agreement about a standardized protocol exists between organizations. Due to the importance of pharmacists' involvement and intervention in the process of repeat prescription and the lack of local studies discussing this topic, the aim of this study was to assess pharmacists' perspectives toward the repeat prescription process and identify the issues related to repeat prescriptions in refill clinics at tertiary hospitals. METHODOLOGY: A self-developed questionnaire was used to assess outpatient pharmacists' perspectives toward the repeat prescription process. This was followed by a comprehensive review of the electronic health records (EHR) of patients who requested repeat prescriptions to identify related issues. The study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital from September 2019 to January 2020. RESULTS: Based on the questionnaire, 34 pharmacists reported receiving less than 10 repeat prescriptions per week (82.35%); nevertheless, around 88.24% of pharmacists have faced issues with the repeat prescription process, and only 15.65% of the issues got resolved. Most of the pharmacists (88.24%) showed a proactive attitude toward modifying the work process to reduce issues. Further, the review of the patients' EHR identified 1766 prescriptions with related issues in 617 (14.02%) patients' profiles. Most of these issues were seen in the elderly (46.7%). The most common issue encountered was "Patients came too early to request," which accounted for 986 (55.8%) of the total issues, followed by the issue of "Refilling a restricted medication" reported at 247 (14%). Only 11% of these issues were completely resolved by pharmacists. CONCLUSION: The repeat prescription service might be associated with issues that lead to preventable adverse effects, especially among the elderly who are prone to such effects. Comprehensive reviews of patients' profiles are necessary to assess their needs and avoid such issues.

8.
Saudi Pharm J ; 29(9): 1050-1055, 2021 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34305425

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIM: During the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, there has been a huge demand for medications and unprecedented utilization of intensive care unit (ICU) services that subsequently and profoundly impacted the quality of medical care provided to COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to shed light on the role of pharmacists on the health care provided to critically ill COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A retrospective study, was conducted in Diriyah hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on all COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU between June 27th and August 15th, 2020 until patients were transferred to the medical ward, discharged, or deceased. All medication related interventions performed by pharmacists have been documented electronically, collected and subsequently categorized and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 58.8 years (±12.98 SD), with age of >64 years in approximately 37%. Four hundred and seventy interventions (470) were made by pharmacists of which 32%, 11.7%, 4%, 2.6%, 2.1% were due to error in dosing regimens, drug duplication, missing drug information, drugs requiring prior authorization, and missing critical information, respectively; while 40.6% were due to medication shortage of which 40.3% were substituted with alternative medications. Based on the analysis of drugs involved in interventions, medication groups that were mainly associated with interventions included antibiotics (16.8%), electrolytes/minerals (11.7%) and vitamins (9.4%). CONCLUSION: During health crises such as COVID-19 pandemic, the role of pharmacists in the ICU services becomes extremely crucial for providing better patients' outcomes. Further studies should be conducted to follow up these findings in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.

9.
BMC Womens Health ; 20(1): 244, 2020 10 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33121466

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that is prevalent in females of reproductive age with signs and symptoms that significantly reduce self-esteem and have a negative impact on their quality of life. The management of PCOS signs and symptoms should result in an improvement in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients. Polycystic ovarian syndrome questionnaire (PCOSQ) is a disease-specific scale. The PCOSQ has been translated into different languages and assessed in different populations. The validity and reliability of PCOSQ varied depending on the ethnicity and culture of the respondents. The objective of the study was to establish a valid and reliable version of the PCOSQ (AR-PCOSQ) in Arabic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using the translated and validated AR-PCOSQ questionnaire was conducted by interviewing 117 women with PCOS. RESULTS: The mean age (years) and BMI (kg/m2) of subjects were 29.90 ± 6.33 and 27.21 ± 5.54, respectively. Most of the patients had ≥ 1-year long history of PCOS (73.5%) and a post-school degree (64.96%). The content validity index (CVI) for the AR-PCOSQ from 10 gynecologists was 0.9, indicating satisfactory validity content. The internal consistency for reliability confirmation measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was applied. Alpha coefficients for all items together was 0.863, indicating good reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients for each item for 30 participants were also acceptable, ranging from 0.911 to 0.986 with p value < 0.001. As far as the factor analysis is concerned, the overall Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy measure was 0.772. The Bartlett sphericity test was significant (p ≤ 0.001), Indicating that there were interrelated variables. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated the initial reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the PCOSQ as a measure of specific HRQoL in Saudi women with PCOS. This will fill an important gap in measuring the HRQoL for patients with PCOS in research and community settings in Saudi Arabia. The AR-PCOSQ can be used to help prioritize health-related concerns from the patient's perspective.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/diagnóstico , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/normas , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Lenguaje , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/psicología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Arabia Saudita
10.
Saudi Pharm J ; 28(3): 369-373, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32194339

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients' self-reported adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and determine the factors associated with premature discontinuation of DAPT. METHODS: The cross-sectional interview-based study was conducted among adult outpatients who visited the outpatient department of King Khalid University Hospital, Cardiac Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, over a period of 3 months from May to July of 2016. Medication adherence was assessed using the Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS), which is composed of 13 items with a 3-point Likert scale. RESULTS: A total of 192 patients participated in the study. The majority of the participants were male (82.1%), and the mean age was 55.66 ± 10.80 years. More than 84% (84.4%) of the patients reported that they were "confident" in taking several medications each day. The minimum and maximum SEAMS scores were 22 and 39, respectively, with the mean score being 30.8 ± 3.5. Almost all patients had moderate scores and adherence; only one patient got a score of 39. Among sociodemographic characteristics, only health insurance and income were significantly associated with the medication adherence score (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Study results concluded that patients had a moderate level of adherence towards DAPT in Saudi Arabia, however Patient education on DAPT is essential to improve adherence to medication treatment. More effective intentions and education methods should be developed to improve long-term DAPT adherence.

11.
Saudi Pharm J ; 28(9): 1062-1067, 2020 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32922136

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dyspepsia is one of the gastrointestinal diseases that is very common worldwide. Despite its prevalence globally, which ranges between 1.8% and 57%, no study has assessed the prevalence in Saudi Arabia. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of dyspepsia in the general population of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A modified Short-Form Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (SF-LDQ) was utilized to conduct our study. The questionnaire score ranges between 0 and 32, where zero indicated no dyspepsia, a score of 1-8 indicated mild dyspepsia, a score of 9-15 indicated moderate dyspepsia and a score of higher than 15 represented severe dyspepsia. Socio-demographic data of the participants including age, gender, marital status, BMI, job description, insurance, and education level were collected. Using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0 (SPSS), a univariate analysis was performed to assess the association of participants characteristics with the prevalence of dyspepsia, whereas logistic regression analysis was used to correlate their characteristics with the severity of dyspepsia. RESULTS: During a period of one month, March 1st to 31st 2019, a total of 778 participants have completed the survey. Most of them were females accounting for 68% of the population, married (63.9%), middle aged (range 34-51 years old) and literate with high school education (72.3%). Ninety two percent (92%) of the study population were found to experience dyspepsia. However, there is no significant association between socio-demographic characteristics and dyspepsia or its severity as well. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dyspepsia in Saudi Arabia is the highest in the gulf region which would potentially lead to more GI complications, and associate to poor health and economic outcomes. Education programs are essential to raise the people awareness of dyspepsia and the appropriate ways to prevent it.

12.
Saudi Pharm J ; 27(2): 225-228, 2019 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30766433

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) effectively suppress acid secretion and play an important role in peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. There is a real concern about the overutilization of PPIs, which will lead to significant high cost and undesirable outcomes. Despite that most of PPIs are classified as prescribed medications, yet most of their users take them without prescription in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, it was important to understand community pharmacists practice in dealing with PPIs and to evaluate their despising pattern of these medications. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey-based study that was carried out between September and December 2017. The survey intended to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of CPs towards use of proton pump inhibitors and was built as an online survey. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that almost all CPs prescribe anti-ulcer drugs for their patients. Most of the participants (68.4%) have prescribed PPI for acute gastritis (68.4%), prophylaxis for stress ulcers (17.7%) and stress ulcer (11.1%). 54.9 percent of the participants recommend using acid suppression drugs for 1 to 2 weeks when they prescribe them to their patients. Thirty-two percent of the respondents had reported adverse events with PPIs. The study showed a significant association between length of work experience in community pharmacy and reporting adverse events. CONCLUSION: Community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia usually recommend and prescribe PPIs to their patients. Most of them have some knowledge on PPIs indications and side effects. Managing OTC PPI use in the community pharmacy setting is necessary to promote both patient and medication safety.

13.
Saudi Pharm J ; 27(4): 463-466, 2019 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31061613

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Although all implemented and ongoing initiatives, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are still a global problem. Most published studies about DDIs in Saudi Arabia are carried out in hospital settings. In addition, assessing the knowledge of drug interactions in Saudi Arabia is limited. The aim of our study is to evaluate the knowledge of potential common drug-drug interactions among community pharmacists particularly in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: A crosses-sectional study utilizing a self- administered questionnaire was conducted among community pharmacy in Riyadh city Saudi Arabia. DDIs' knowledge was assessed by 26 drug pairs. Community pharmacists were asked to select the DDIs as "contraindication", "may be used together with monitoring", "no interaction" and "not sure". RESULTS: A total of 283 of community pharmacists completed the survey with response rate of 80.9%. Among the 26 drug pairs only 5 of them were identified correctly by most of the participants. To add more 3 out of the 5 pairs had a cutoff of less than 10% between the correct and wrong answer, meaning there still a majority that couldn't identify the correct answer. All the 26 pairs had a statistically significant difference between the correct and incorrect answer. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that knowledge of community pharmacists about DDIs was inadequate. Community pharmacist should have specific courses in drug interactions to cover the most possible interactions that can be seen in this setting.

14.
Saudi Pharm J ; 27(6): 859-865, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31516328

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Multiple scales in different languages were developed to measure patient-reported side effects of antineoplastics. However, these scales vary in their coverage of antineoplastics' side effects, and none of them address both the severity and impact of antineoplastics' side effects on patient quality of life. Hence, there is a need to develop a comprehensive, concise, and general scale to assess patients' perceptions of both severity and impact of the commonly reported side effects of antineoplastics on patients' activities of daily living and make it available in Arabic. OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a new scale in Arabic to assess patient-reported antineoplastics' side-effects among Arabic-speaking patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: A new scale was developed in Arabic that addresses 40 different emotional, cognitive, and physical side-effects of antineoplastics. The Antineoplastic Side effects Scale (ASES) contained three subscales focused on the side effects frequency, severity, and interference with patients' activities of daily living. Seventy-eight patients with different cancer types were recruited from the oncology clinics of a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined using Cronbach's alpha method. The construct validity was examined using principal component analysis with varimax rotation. The association between the scores of ASES subscales and various patient medical and sociodemographic characteristics were also examined. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 53.8 (12.5) years and most of them were female (65.3%) and married (84.6%). The ASES demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91). The severity of the perceived side effects and their impact on activities of daily living were positively associated with female gender. CONCLUSION: The newly developed ASES demonstrated good validity and reliability. This tool will hopefully help healthcare providers and patients to identify commonly reported antineoplastic side effects.

15.
Saudi Pharm J ; 27(6): 882-888, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31516331

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain related to the rotator cuff (RC) is one of the most common and bothersome musculoskeletal complaints. Pharmacologic treatment most often includes acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen. However, data allowing comparison of the efficacy of these two drugs are very limited. We compared the therapeutic outcomes of acetaminophen and ibuprofen in the management of RC-related pain. METHODS: This was an open-label, two-center, active-control, prospective randomized clinical trial. Participants were assigned randomly to acetaminophen or ibuprofen treatment groups. The acetaminophen dose was 500 mg every 6-8 h, and it was 400-800 mg every 6-8 h for ibuprofen. The impact of the treatment was measured by Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaires at baseline and after 6 weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients completed the study; 20 treated with ibuprofen and 13 with acetaminophen. Patients in both groups were comparable at baseline with regard to SPADI, Quick-DASH, and WHOQOL-BREF scores. After 6 weeks of treatment, patients receiving ibuprofen, but not acetaminophen, reported an improvement in pain severity and functional activity (as measured by SPADI and Quick-DASH). Patients taking acetaminophen, but not ibuprofen, reported improvement in the physical and environmental domains of WHOQOL-BREF scores. CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen and acetaminophen provide benefits to patients suffering from RC-related pain. However, the type of improvement perceived by patients differed between these two medications.

16.
Saudi Pharm J ; 26(5): 719-724, 2018 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29991916

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Despite of the global dilemma of antibiotics resistance, this issue is more worsen in developing countries or places where the antibiotics can be dispensed or purchased without prescription such as in Saudi Arabia. Most health awareness campaigns and published studies regarding the self-medication with antibiotics in Saudi Arabia are conducted within hospitals. The prevalence and reasons of self-medication with antibiotics were not well studied from community perspective in Saudi Arabia. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study using online survey and snowball technique was conducted during the period from January 2017 to May 2017 targeting people who are living in Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: A total of 1264 respondent completed the questionnaire and included in the study. About 34% of respondents have used antibiotic without a prescription, and 81.3% of them knew that it might be harmful to health. The most antibiotic used for self-medication was Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (45.1%) followed by amoxicillin (39.9%). The most common illness and reasons for seeking antibiotic without prescription were tonsillitis (76.7%) and the previous experience of using a particular antibiotic (52.1%) respectively. The major source of self-medication with antibiotic was previous doctor's prescription (36.6%). CONCLUSION: The relative high prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics necessitates taking serious steps by health authorities to implement the law of forbidding the sale of antibiotics without prescription.

17.
Saudi Pharm J ; 26(1): 93-97, 2018 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29379339

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Although the majority of poisoning-related cases can be managed in home settings, reduction of hospital visits and admissions are still important challenge. Thousands of interventions are involved and the appropriate management of poisoning is therefore a major task and burden to any institution. Therefore, the present study was aimed to identify the most common classes of toxic substances and route of poisoning in children and to investigate the pattern of drug and chemical poisoning in suspected case fatalities, the subsequent need for hospital admission and arrival time to hospital. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of all registered poisoning cases of children reported to drug and poison information center at King Khaled University Hospital Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period of January 2010-December 2016. RESULTS: A total of 735 children presented to Pediatric Emergency Medicine with poisoning. Most of the cases were asymptomatic, and majority of children were arrived to the hospital in less than 3 h. The drugs were the most common cause of poisoning (70%) followed by chemical materials (29%), which is more common in children under 2 years comparing to other groups (p < 0.001). The route of poisoning was oral in the majority of cases (98.8%). The drugs most frequently ingested were analgesic (18.8%). Among the chemicals, pesticide products involved in (39.6%) of the cases, followed by cleaning products (25.9%) and cosmetic (22.8%). CONCLUSION: The results found that the majority of poisoning cases occurred in children under the age of six and required only observation without treatment. These results necessitate the need for close cooperation between different governmental health-sectors to establish national epidemiological surveillance of poisoning events in Saudi Arabia to help to develop national plans to decrease the financial burden of emergency department congestion and hospital crowding.

18.
Neurosciences (Riyadh) ; 23(3): 239-243, 2018 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30008000

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders at primary health care (PHC) centers in Saudi Arabia using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at a single PHC center in Riyadh city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A self-medication questionnaire was utilized to collect the data. The prevalence of mental disorders has assessed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire that consists of 20 items with binary answers (Yes/No). RESULTS: This study reports that the prevalence of mental disorders among patients attended primary health care center was 28.5%. Moreover, prevalence did not significant differ by sociodemographic (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of mental disorders was slight high. The rates of untreated mental disorders necessitate the healthcare makers in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to implement efficient strategies to halt the progression of untreated mental disorders.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Atención Primaria de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Arabia Saudita , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
19.
Saudi Pharm J ; 25(1): 93-98, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28223868

RESUMEN

Background: Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are considered to be at least as effective and safe as warfarin with several advantages such as predictable pharmacokinetics, allowing for standardized dosing without monitoring, a lack of food interactions and fewer drug interactions; however, their misuse could potentially result in patient harm. Objective: To evaluate the appropriate use of the NOACs within a community teaching hospital. SETTING: A community teaching hospital in the United States. Method: A retrospective chart review of patients that were prescribed dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban at our institution from October 2012 through November 2014 was conducted. Main outcome measure: The primary objective was to determine the percentage of patients that were appropriately prescribed NOACs. Secondary objectives were to determine the number of patients who were inappropriately transitioned from warfarin or parenteral anticoagulants to a NOAC or vice versa, the number of incidents when a NOAC was held or discontinued inappropriately before a procedure and the number of bleeding or thrombotic events while taking a NOAC. Results: Of the 113 patients receiving therapy with an NOAC, appropriate prescribing was observed in 79.7%. Dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban were appropriately prescribed in 73.8%, 88.3%, and 85.8% of patients respectively. Lack of renal dose-adjustment in patients with reduced renal function was the most common reason for inappropriate use (8.8%). Ten out of 38 patients (26%) were inappropriately transitioned from/to other anticoagulants. Two out of six patients underwent a procedure without holding NOACs as recommended prior to surgery. Of all patients receiving NOACs, a total of 3 bleeding incidents were observed, one with each NOAC. Conclusion: The NOACs were appropriately prescribed for the majority of patients within our institution. Future efforts however should focus on ensuring appropriate dose adjustments for renal impairment, procedures for transitioning between NOACs and parenteral anticoagulants, and adequate withholding times for NOACs prior to surgery in order to optimize the management of NOACs usage within our institution.

20.
Saudi Pharm J ; 25(7): 1015-1018, 2017 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29158709

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) puts patients at higher risk for obesity and diabetes. Poor health literacy is also associated with these conditions. Notably, weight loss is associated with improved ovulation and pregnancy rates for women with PCOS. In this study the association between health literacy and body mass index (BMI) among women with PCOS was examined. METHODS: The health literacy of women with PCOS was measured using the Arabic version of the single item literacy screener (SILS) at a university medical center. Sociodemographic and medical information was collected by interviewing the participants and reviewing their medical records, respectively. The relationship between health literacy and BMI was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Health literacy was assessed in 127 women with PCOS from September 2015 to February 2016. Only 16.54% of participants had limited health literacy. The mean BMI for all participants was 30.57 (kg/m2), and the mean age was 27.40 years. Further, most of the participants (74%) had a high school diploma or a higher degree. Almost 56% of the participants were taking metformin, and 11.81% had hypothyroidism. After controlling for age, education, hypothyroidism diagnosis, and the use of metformin, participants with high BMI were 10% less likely to have a good health literacy level (OR = 0.904; 95% CI = 0.829-0.987; P = 0.0238). CONCLUSION: Improving the health literacy of patients with PCOS may have a positive impact on their BMI and eventually lead to favorable health outcomes.

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