The effect of socioeconomic aspects and dental history on pediatric patients' dental anxiety.

This study aimed to characterize the profile of dental anxiety in pediatric patients, identifying the effect exerted by socioeconomic factors using dental data. A cross-sectional study design with a sample of 120 children aged 7-12 years old was used. Data relating to anxiety levels prior to dental care, socioeconomic aspects (family income, education level, child's school type), and child's dental history (previous dental appointments, previous treatment, caries experience) were collected. Additionally, participants completed the Brazilian version of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule- Dental Subscale (B-CFSS-DS) to assess dental anxiety. Descriptive analyses, chi-squared (X 2 ) tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed, with a significance level of 5%. A total of 51 boys (42.5%) and 69 girls (57.5%) were included. There was no significant difference in dental anxiety between them. However, younger children had higher mean B-CFSS-DS scores (p = 0.036, Mann-Whitney). A higher prevalence of dental anxiety was found in participants from low-income families (p = 0.012, X 2 ) and in patients who did not receive endodontic treatment (p=0.034, X 2 ). Higher mean B-CFSS-DS scores were also observed in participants who did not receive endodontic treatment (p=0.001, Mann-Whitney) compared with those that did receive endodontic treatment. No relationship was found between education level, patient school type, first dental appointment, caries experience, and dental anxiety data. Younger children presented a profile of greater dental anxiety. Socioeconomic factors and dental data exerted some effect on dental anxiety, where children from low-income families and those not subjected to endodontic treatment displayed higher rates of dental anxiety.

The effect of socioeconomic aspects and dental history on pediatric patients' dental anxiety

Abstract This study aimed to characterize the profile of dental anxiety in pediatric patients, identifying the effect exerted by socioeconomic factors using dental data. A cross-sectional study design with a sample of 120 children aged 7-12 years old was used. Data relating to anxiety levels prior to dental care, socioeconomic aspects (family income, education level, child's school type), and child's dental history (previous dental appointments, previous treatment, caries experience) were collected. Additionally, participants completed the Brazilian version of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule- Dental Subscale (B-CFSS-DS) to assess dental anxiety. Descriptive analyses, chi-squared (X 2 ) tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed, with a significance level of 5%. A total of 51 boys (42.5%) and 69 girls (57.5%) were included. There was no significant difference in dental anxiety between them. However, younger children had higher mean B-CFSS-DS scores (p = 0.036, Mann-Whitney). A higher prevalence of dental anxiety was found in participants from low-income families (p = 0.012, X 2 ) and in patients who did not receive endodontic treatment (p=0.034, X 2 ). Higher mean B-CFSS-DS scores were also observed in participants who did not receive endodontic treatment (p=0.001, Mann-Whitney) compared with those that did receive endodontic treatment. No relationship was found between education level, patient school type, first dental appointment, caries experience, and dental anxiety data. Younger children presented a profile of greater dental anxiety. Socioeconomic factors and dental data exerted some effect on dental anxiety, where children from low-income families and those not subjected to endodontic treatment displayed higher rates of dental anxiety.

Direct bonded space maintainer: an alternative in clinical practice after unilateral premature loss of posterior primary tooth

Introduction: The primary dentition is extremely important, because besides the importance during chewing, acts as a guide to eruption for permanent teeth, stimulates the bone growth and helps in digestion and phonation. In cases of premature loss, it is necessary that the professional make adequate planning to space maintenance, so that it is not lost until the eruption of the permanent successor, thus avoiding the establishment of malocclusions. Objective: To describe the clinical steps for preparation and placement of a direct bonded space maintainer, as well as the follow-up until the eruption of the successor tooth. Case report: Girl, eight years old, presented an adjacent fistula to theprimary mandibular right second molar. After clinical and radiographic evaluation, tooth extraction was indicated, due to the impossibility of performing the endodontic treatment. A direct bonded space maintainer was made and installed as an alternative to the band and loop, commonly used in these cases of unilateral loss. Conclusion: The direct bonded space maintainer was a good option for the case presented, as it was able to fulfill its function until the eruption of the successor tooth. It is a good alternative in clinical practice due to the time optimization and material savings it provides.

Introdução: A dentição decídua é de extrema importância, pois exerce função mastigatória, atua como guia de erupção para os dentes permanentes, estimula o crescimento ósseo e auxilia na digestão e fonação. Em casos de perda prematura de algum dente, é necessário que o profissional faça um planejamento adequado para manutenção do espaço, de forma que este não seja perdido até a erupção do sucessor permanente, evitando assim o estabelecimento de más-oclusões. Objetivo: Descrever as etapas clínicas para confecção e instalação do aparelho mantenedor de espaço adesivo, bem como o acompanhamento até a erupção do sucessor. Relato do caso: Menina, 8 anos, apresentou fístula adjacente ao segundo molar inferior direito decíduo. Após avaliação clínica e radiográfica, foi indicada a exodontia do dente, devido à impossibilidade de realizar o tratamento endodôntico. Confeccionou-se e instalou-se o aparelho mantenedor de espaço adesivo, como uma alternativa ao banda-alça, comumente utilizado nesses casos de perda unilateral. Conclusão: O mantenedor de espaço colado foi uma boa opção para o caso apresentado, pois foi capaz de cumprir sua função até a erupção do dente sucessor, constituindo-se uma boa alternativa na prática clínica, devido à otimização do tempo e economia de material que proporciona.

Does the facial pattern give individuals a profile of a crime suspect? / O padrão facial confere aos indivíduos o perfil suspeito a cometer um crime?

To evaluate the influence of mesofacial, brachyfacial and dolichofacial facial patterns on giving an individual the profile of a crime suspect in the eyes of public security agents.This study had a cross-sectional design, conducted with public security agents of both sexes (n=100), where images of facial composites (police sketches) of individuals with different facial patterns (mesofacial, brachyfacial and dolichofacial) were used. With these images in hand, a questionnaire was created, divided into three parts: the first in which all the images were presented together, allowing comparison among them; the second, in which each image was evaluated separately followed by questions and the third that consisted on a visual analog scale that presented a bar with marks going from 0 to 100, where 0 represented the untrustworthy individual, 50 the individual who could be trusted, and 100 a very trustworthy individual. When all the data had been obtained statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square and Friedman tests. The level of significance adopted was 5% (α=0.05). The dolichofacial individual was associated with security agents as the most prone to commit crimes and became more insecure and distrustful when compared to the mesofacial and brachyfacial individuals (p <0.001). The dolichofacial profile had a negative influence on the judgment of security agents who attributed to it, a character suspected of a crime and a low level of trustworthiness

Avaliar a influência dos padrões faciais mesofacial, braquifacial e dolicofacial em conceder um perfil de suspeito a cometer crimes aos olhos dos agentes de segurança pública. Este estudo teve delineamento transversal, realizado com agentes de segurança pública de ambos os sexos (n = 100), onde imagens de retratos- falados de indivíduos com diferentes padrões faciais (mesofacial, braquifacial e dolicofacial) foram utilizadas. De posse dessas imagens, foi criado um questionário, dividido em três partes: a primeira em que todas as imagens foram apresentadas juntas, permitindo a comparação entre elas; a segunda, em que cada imagem foi avaliada separadamente seguida de perguntas e a terceira consistiu em uma escala analógica visual que apresentava uma barra com marcações de 0 a 100, onde 0 representava o indivíduo não confiável, 50 o indivíduo em quem se podia confiar, e 100 um indivíduo muito confiável. Após a obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas análises estatísticas utilizando os testes Qui-quadrado e Friedman. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (α = 0,05). O indivíduo dolicofacial foi associado pelos agentes de segurança como o mais propenso a cometer crimes e passou mais insegurança e desconfiança, quando comparado aos indivíduos mesofacial e braquifacial (p<0,001). O perfil dolicofacial influenciou negativamente no julgamento dos agentes de segurança que atribuíram-lhe caráter suspeito a cometer crimes e baixo grau de confiabilidade.

Aesthetic perception of the smile related to the vertical position of the lower anterior teeth by afro-descendent laypeople

Introduction: To evaluate the influence of the vertical position of the lower anterior teeth in the aesthetic perception of the smile of Afro-descendent laypeople from different age groups. Materials and Methods: A standard smile was constructed from intraoral photographs of an afro-descendent individual. The vertical position of the lower anterior teeth was gradually changed by moving the teeth up and down within the lip frame in 0.5 mm increments ranging from -1.5 mm to 2.0 mm, regarding point zero. Using a visual analog scale, 150 Afro-descendent Brazilian lay individuals from three different age groups (15-19, 35-44 and 65-74) rated the attractiveness in relation to 8 smiles with altered gingival exposure. Results: There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between male and female raters for the three groups. All the age groups assigned higher scores for the smiles with 0.5 mm coverage of the lower lip on the lower central incisors. However, for the less attractive smiles, there were differences in the opinions of the age groups (p<0,05). Conclusions: the age groups shared similar preferences regarding the most pleasant smile regarding the vertical positions of the lower anterior teeth.

Introdução: Avaliar a influência da posição vertical dos dentes anteriores inferiores na percepção estética do sorriso de leigos afrodescendentes de diferentes faixas etárias. Materiais e Métodos: Um sorriso padrão foi construído a partir de fotografias intraorais de um indivíduo afro-descendente. A posição vertical dos dentes anteriores inferiores foi gradualmente alterada, movendo os dentes para cima e para baixo dentro da moldura do lábio em incrementos de 0,5 mm variando de -1,5 mm a 2,0 mm, em relação ao ponto zero. Utilizando uma escala analógica visual, 150 indivíduos leigos afrodescendentes brasileiros de três diferentes faixas etárias (15-19, 35-44 e 65-74) classificaram a atratividade em relação a 8 sorrisos com exposição gengival alterada. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas (p> 0,05) entre os avaliadores masculino e feminino para os três grupos. Todos os grupos etários atribuíram pontuações mais altas para os sorrisos com cobertura de 0,5 mm do lábio inferior nos incisivos centrais inferiores. No entanto, para os sorrisos menos atraentes, houve diferenças nas opiniões dos grupos etários (p <0,05). Conclusão: os grupos etários compartilhavam preferências semelhantes quanto ao sorriso mais agradável em relação às posições verticais dos dentes anteriores inferiores.

Os modelos ortodônticos digitais são confiáveis? Uma revisão sistemática / Are the digital orthodontics models reliable? A systematic review

Introdução: Os modelos ortodônticos digitais são alternativas ao uso de modelos ortodônticos em gesso. Devido sua importância no diagnóstico, faz-se necessário averiguar a precisão dos softwares de modelos ortodônticos digitais disponíveis no mercado. Objetivo: Evidenciar qual software de modelos ortodônticos digitais possui maior confiabilidade. Material e métodos: Foi realizada busca sistemática nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase e Cochrane, Grey Literature e Clinical Trials, sem limitações quanto ao ano de publicação ou idioma. Foram incluídos estudos laboratoriais que utilizaram softwares destinados a geração de modelos ortodônticos digitais, comparando-os com modelos ortodônticos em gesso. Após seleção por título e resumo, os artigos potencialmente elegíveis foram lidos na íntegra. A qualidade metodológica e o risco de viés dos artigos incluídos foram avaliados de acordo com as descrições dos modelos, técnicas de medição e análises estatísticas. A qualidade metodológica foi classificada em alta, moderada ou baixa. Resultados: 13.333 artigos foram encontrados nas bases de dados utilizadas. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade e remoção de duplicações, restaram apenas 41 artigos. 29 foram considerados de qualidade moderada e 12 de alta qualidade. A classificação quanto à confiabilidade variou de menos confiaveis, equivalentes e a mais confiaveis. Apresentando diferenças estatisticas em suas mensurações (p<0,05); sem significância clínica. Conclusão: os modelos ortodônticos digitais apresentaram mensurações acuradas, reprodutíveis e confiáveis quando comparado ao método convencional utilizando modelos de gesso.

Introduction: Digital models are an alternative for the use of orthodontic models in plaster. Due to its importance in the orthodontic dignified, it is necessary to ascertain the accuracy of the software of digital orthodontic models available in the market. Objective: To show which software of digital orthodontic models has greater reliability. Material and methods: A systematic search was performed in the following electronic databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane, Gray Literature and Clinical Trials, with no limitations on year of publication or language. We included laboratory studies using digital orthodontic models, comparing them with orthodontic models of plaster through the evaluation of reliability through measurement techniques. After selection by title and abstract, potentially eligible articles have been read in full. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the included articles were evaluated according to the descriptions of the models, measurement techniques and statistical analyzes. The methodological quality was classified as high, moderate or low. Results: 13,333 articles were found in the databases used. After applying the eligibility criteria and removing duplicates, only 41 articles remained. 29 were considered of moderate quality and 12 of high quality. The ranking of digital models for reliability ranged from less reliable, equivalent, and more reliable. Presenting statistical differences in their measurements (p <0.05), without clinical significance. Conclusion: The measurements made in digital models can be as accurate, reproducible and reliable as the conventional method using plaster models.