The Effect of Glycyrrhizin on the Viability and Proliferation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Compared to Intracanal Medicaments.

AIM: To study the effect of glycyrrhizin (GA) on the viability and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) compared with intracanal medicaments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Third molars of an adult donor were used to obtain the DPSCs. Flow cytometry was utilized to conduct phenotypic analysis for DPSCs. The methyl-thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) test was used to detect the cell viability. Cell proliferation assay was conducted at distinct time intervals: 3, 5, and 7 days. RESULTS: The flow cytometry analysis verified the positive expression of mesenchymal cell surface antigen molecules (CD73, CD90, and CD105) and the absence of hematological markers (CD14, CD34, and CD45) in the DPSCs. The cells that treated with concentrations more than 0.5 mg/mL of Ca(OH2) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) gave significant decrease in viability in comparison to the untreated cells (p < 0.05). Also, the cells treated with concentrations 50 and 25 µM of GA showed no significant difference compared with the untreated cells (p > 0.05), while concentrations 12.5 and 6.25 µM expressed a significant increase in viability compared with the untreated cells (p < 0.05). At 7 days, cells treated with the three different concentrations of GA (12.5, 25, and 50 µM) demonstrated a significant increase in cell density compared with Ca(OH)2 and TAP-treated cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Based upon the potential of GA on DPSCs proliferation compared with Ca(OH)2 and TAP, It is conceivable to acknowledge that GA could be used as an intracanal medicaments for revascularization process of necrotic immature teeth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study emphasizes the significance of assessing alternative root canal medicaments and their impact on the proliferation and viability of DPSCs. The results regarding GA, specifically its impact on the viability and growth of DPSCs, provide essential understanding for its potential application as an intracanal medicine. This study adds to the continuous endeavors in identifying safer and more efficient intracanal therapies, which are essential for improving patient outcomes in endodontic operations. How to cite this article: Alrashidi MA, Badawi MF, Elbeltagy MG, et al. The Effect of Glycyrrhizin on the Viability and Proliferation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Compared to Intracanal Medicaments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(3):267-275.

Examining the Effects of Asiaticoside on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Viability and Proliferation: A Promising Approach to Root Canal Treatment.

AIM: This study aims to evaluate the impact of asiaticoside (AC) on the viability and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), considering the known negative effects of routinely used intracanal medicaments. This evaluation will be compared with the outcomes from using traditional intracanal medicaments, specifically triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The DPSCs were obtained from the third molars of an adult donor. The application of flow cytometry was employed to do a phenotypic analysis on DPSCs using CD90, CD73, CD105, CD34, CD14, and CD45 antibodies. The methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay was employed to assess cellular viability. The cells were treated with different concentrations of TAP and Ca(OH)2 (5, 2.5, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL), along with AC (100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 µM). A cell proliferation rate was performed at 3, 5, and 7 days. RESULTS: The characterization of DPSCs was conducted by flow cytometry analysis, which verified the presence of mesenchymal cell surface antigen molecules (CD105, CD73, and CD90) and demonstrated the absence of hematopoietic markers (CD34, CD45, and CD14). Cells treated with concentrations over 0.5 mg/mL of TAP and Ca(OH)2 showed a notable reduction in cell viability in comparison to the untreated cells (p < 0.05). Additionally, the cells treated with different concentrations of AC 12.5, 6.25, 25, and 50 µM did not differ significantly from the untreated cells (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, cells treated with concentrations of 100 µM showed a significant reduction in viability compared to the untreated cells (p < 0.05). After a period of 7 days, it was noted that cells exposed to three different concentrations of AC (50, 25, and 12.5 µM) had a notable rise in cell density in comparison to TAP and Ca(OH)2 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, cells that were exposed to a concentration of 12.5 µM exhibited the highest cell density. CONCLUSION: The cellular viability of the AC-treated cells was superior to that of the TAP and Ca(OH)2-treated cells. Moreover, the AC with a concentration of 12.5 µM had the highest degree of proliferation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study underscores the importance of evaluating alternative root canal medicaments and their effects on DPSCs' growth and vitality. The findings on AC, particularly its influence on the survival and proliferation of DPSCs, offer valuable insights for its probable use as an intracanal medication. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to identify safer and more effective intracanal treatments, which are crucial for enhancing patient outcomes in endodontic procedures. How to cite this article: Alazemi MJ, Badawi MF, Elbeltagy MG, et al. Examining the Effects of Asiaticoside on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Viability and Proliferation: A Promising Approach to Root Canal Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(2):118-127.

Effect of preoperative tramadol, ibuprofen, ibuprofen/acetaminophen on the anaesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

The purpose of this double-blind clinical trial was to compare the effect of preoperative tramadol 50 mg, tramadol 100 mg, ibuprofen 600 mg, ibuprofen 600 mg/acetaminophen 1000 mg or placebo 60 min before the administration of inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) of mandibular teeth in patients experiencing symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). Two hundred and fifty emergency patients diagnosed with SIP were randomly divided into five groups and received medications. Endodontic access was begun 15 min after completion of the IANB, and all patients had profound lip numbness. The Heft-Parker visual analogue scale was used to evaluate pain. Premedication with tramadol 100 mg significantly increased the success rate to 62% than the other groups (p < 0.05). The success rates of ibuprofen, ibuprofen/acetaminophen and tramadol 50 mg groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Premedication with tramadol 100 mg enhanced the anaesthetic success of IANB in mandibular molars with SIP.

Shaping ability of three thermally treated nickel-titanium systems in S-shaped canals.

This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of ProTaper Next (PTN), HyFlex EDM (HEDM) and One Curve (OC) systems manufactured via different thermal treatment methods in simulated S-shaped canals. Sixty S-shaped canals in clear resin blocks were enlarged to a final apical size of 25 using PTN, HEDM and OC instruments (n = 20 canals/group). Composite images were obtained by superimposing pre- and post-preparation images. The amount of removed resin was measured perpendicularly to the canal surface in 22 points. Prepared canal width and canal transportation at different levels were determined. Canal aberrations were also recorded. Data were statistically analysed using analysis of variance, the Kruskal-Wallis and the chi-square tests at a 0.05 significance level. OC produced the most conservative enlargement and better maintained particularly the apical curvature of the S-shaped canals than HEDM and PTN. OC and HEDM better maintained the canal terminus and coronal curvature than PTN.

Marginal adaptation and cytotoxicity of bone cement compared with amalgam and mineral trioxide aggregate as root-end filling materials.

INTRODUCTION: Bone cements have a well-established place in the practice of orthopedic surgery. It has many characteristics that make it well-suited as a root-end filling material. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the marginal adaptation and cytotoxic effect of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and amalgam as root-end filling materials. METHODS: Thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were cleaned, shaped, and obturated with gutta-percha and AH 26 sealer. The roots tips were removed; root-end cavities were prepared and filled with the 3 tested materials (bone cement, MTA, and amalgam). Impressions of retrofilled root ends were taken by polysiloxane impression material, and positive replicas were fabricated by using epoxy resin. The original roots were longitudinally sectioned into 2 halves; both the replicas and longitudinal sections were prepared for scanning electron microscope to measure the gaps at the material/dentin interface. Human periodontal ligament fibroblast tissue culture was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the 3 tested materials. RESULTS: The obtained data revealed that both bone cement and MTA exhibited a better adaptation to the dentinal walls than that of amalgam. Also, the cytotoxicity testing showed that bone cement had a comparable cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cells with MTA; both root-end filling materials showed less cytotoxicity than that of amalgam. CONCLUSIONS: PMMA bone cement could be considered as a promising root-end filling material.