International consensus for a dissection room quality system (DRQS): A Delphi panel study.

Dissection Rooms (DRs) are key facilities that allow teaching and research on human anatomy, where students and researchers work with human bodies to acquire, increase, or create new knowledge. Usually, DRs work with a Body Donation Program (BDP), where living donors bequeath their bodies for use in teaching and research after they expire. Despite DRs being part of universities worldwide, no common guidelines, regulations, or quality management systems (QMS) exist that could be applied to different countries. With that purpose in mind, we aimed to develop a QMS that could be applied to DRs globally, using a Delphi panel to achieve consensus about the items that should constitute the QMS. The panel was constituted by 20 anatomy professors from 20 different countries, and the 167 standards to create the rules or guidelines that constitute the QMS were divided in five categories: direction, body donation, students, instructors, and research. After two rounds of revisions, 150 standards were considered "essential" or "important" by more than 70% of the participants, thus being incorporated to the Dissection Room Quality System (DRQS). The results of this panel represent a minimum list of items of the DRQS for improving the functioning of DRs globally.

Motor imagery EEG signal classification with a multivariate time series approach.

BACKGROUND: Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals record electrical activity on the scalp. Measured signals, especially EEG motor imagery signals, are often inconsistent or distorted, which compromises their classification accuracy. Achieving a reliable classification of motor imagery EEG signals opens the door to possibilities such as the assessment of consciousness, brain computer interfaces or diagnostic tools. We seek a method that works with a reduced number of variables, in order to avoid overfitting and to improve interpretability. This work aims to enhance EEG signal classification accuracy by using methods based on time series analysis. Previous work on this line, usually took a univariate approach, thus losing the possibility to take advantage of the correlation information existing within the time series provided by the different electrodes. To overcome this problem, we propose a multivariate approach that can fully capture the relationships among the different time series included in the EEG data. To perform the multivariate time series analysis, we use a multi-resolution analysis approach based on the discrete wavelet transform, together with a stepwise discriminant that selects the most discriminant variables provided by the discrete wavelet transform analysis RESULTS: Applying this methodology to EEG data to differentiate between the motor imagery tasks of moving either hands or feet has yielded very good classification results, achieving in some cases up to 100% of accuracy for this 2-class pre-processed dataset. Besides, the fact that these results were achieved using a reduced number of variables (55 out of 22,176) can shed light on the relevance and impact of those variables. CONCLUSIONS: This work has a potentially large impact, as it enables classification of EEG data based on multivariate time series analysis in an interpretable way with high accuracy. The method allows a model with a reduced number of features, facilitating its interpretability and improving overfitting. Future work will extend the application of this classification method to help in diagnosis procedures for detecting brain pathologies and for its use in brain computer interfaces. In addition, the results presented here suggest that this method could be applied to other fields for the successful analysis of multivariate temporal data.

Treatment of calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff with ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration.

OBJECTIVE: Calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff is a common condition caused by the deposition of calcium crystals in the tendons of the rotator cuff. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration in calcific tendinopathy of the should in 86 patients treated at our center and to determine the factors associated with poor prognosis after this treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study included 86 patients with calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff treated with ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration between 2015 and 2019 for whom clinical and radiological variables were collected 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. RESULTS: One year after treatment, 81.4% patients showed clinical improvement and 96.5% showed radiological improvement. Complications were observed in 34.9%; all complications were mild. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration is an effective treatment for calcific tendinopathy of the shoulder, resulting in a high rate of clinical and radiological improvement and a low rate of minor complications. This technique has additional advantages, such as interaction with the patient and the lack of ionizing radiation.

Time series forecasting methods in emergency contexts.

The key issues in any fire emergency are recognising fire hotspots, locating the emergency intervention team (EI), following the evolution of the fire, and selecting the evacuation path. This leads to the study and development of HelpResponder, a solution capable of detecting the focus of interest in hostile spaces derived from fire due to high temperatures without visibility. A study is conducted to determine which model best predicts measured [Formula: see text] levels. The variables used are temperature, humidity, and air quality, obtained from sensors installed in a fire tower. The statistical methods applied, namely ARIMAX, KNN, SVM, and TBATS, allow the adjustment and modelling of the variables. Explanatory variables with temporal structure are incorporated into SVM, a new improvement proposal. Moreover, combining different models showed the best efficiency in forecasting. In fact, another contribution of our work lies in offering a small-scale prediction system that is specifically designed to save batteries. The system has been tested and validated in a hostile environment (building), simulating real emergency situations. The system has been tested and validated in several hostile environments, simulating real emergency situations. It can help firefighters respond faster in an emergency. This reduces the risks associated with the lack of information and improves the time for tactical operations, which could save lives.

Atheromatosis of the brain-supplying arteries: Circle of Willis, basilar, vertebral and their branches.

PURPOSE: Atherosclerotic plaques in the brain-supplying arteries are slowly-developing alterations of vascular structures that can lead to neurological impairment due to stenosis and insufficient oxygenation of eloquent brain areas. The aim of this study is to provide detailed demographic information related to the incidence of atherosclerotic plaques in the cerebral arteries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight circles of Willis (21 men, 21 women, mean age: 70.26, six samples unknown) were macroscopically analyzed for length, diameter, and presence of atherosclerotic plaques. Statistical analysis was used to identify potential differences in the locations and frequencies of atherosclerotic plaques in relation to age and sex. RESULTS: The study sample revealed 261 atherosclerotic plaques. The key findings were significant correlations between plaque development and age and between plaque location and age; however, there was no significant sex difference. CONCLUSION: The upper and lower branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were novel locations predisposing to plaque development. A cut-off value at 60 years revealed a significant difference in plaque development and distribution. There were no significant sex differences in the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques.

Hippo signaling instructs ectopic but not normal organ growth.

The Hippo signaling pathway is widely considered a master regulator of organ growth because of the prominent overgrowth phenotypes caused by experimental manipulation of its activity. Contrary to this model, we show here that removing Hippo transcriptional output did not impair the ability of the mouse liver and Drosophila eyes to grow to their normal size. Moreover, the transcriptional activity of the Hippo pathway effectors Yap/Taz/Yki did not correlate with cell proliferation, and hyperactivation of these effectors induced gene expression programs that did not recapitulate normal development. Concordantly, a functional screen in Drosophila identified several Hippo pathway target genes that were required for ectopic overgrowth but not normal growth. Thus, Hippo signaling does not instruct normal growth, and the Hippo-induced overgrowth phenotypes are caused by the activation of abnormal genetic programs.

Treatment of calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff with ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration. / Tratamiento de la tendinopatía calcificante del manguito de los rotadores mediante punción-aspiración ecoguiada.

OBJECTIVE: Calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff is a common condition caused by the deposition of calcium crystals in the tendons of the rotator cuff. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration in calcific tendinopathy of the should in 86 patients treated at our center and to determine the factors associated with poor prognosis after this treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study included 86 patients with calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff treated with ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration between 2015 and 2019 for whom clinical and radiological variables were collected 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. RESULTS: One year after treatment, 81.4% patients showed clinical improvement and 96.5% showed radiological improvement. Complications were observed in 34.9%; all complications were mild. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration is an effective treatment for calcific tendinopathy of the shoulder, resulting in a high rate of clinical and radiological improvement and a low rate of minor complications. This technique has additional advantages, such as interaction with the patient and the lack of ionizing radiation.

Partially defatted olive cake in finishing pig diets: implications on performance, faecal microbiota, carcass quality, slurry composition and gas emission.

One of the key factors to improve swine production sustainability is the use of agro-industrial by-products in feeds, such as olive by-products. However, it is necessary to assess its effects on the overall production process, including the animal and the environment. With this aim, an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of including a partially defatted olive cake (PDOC) in pig diets on growth performance, faecal microbiota, carcass quality and gas emission from the slurry. Two finishing diets were formulated, a control (C) diet and a diet with PDOC included at 120 g/kg. Eighty finishing male pigs Duroc-Danbred × (Landrace × Large White) of 60.4 ± 7.00 kg BW were divided between these two treatments. During the finishing period (60 to 110 kg BW, 55 days) average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded. Faecal samples from the rectum of 16 animals per treatment were incubated for bacteria enumeration. At the end of finishing period, backfat thickness and loin depth (LD) were measured. Animals were slaughtered to obtain carcass weight and carcass composition parameters, and subcutaneous fat was sampled to analyse the fatty acid (FA) profile. In addition greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions were measured during pig slurry storage using the methodology of dynamic flux chambers. An initial slurry characterisation and biochemical methane potential (B0) were also determined. No significant differences between treatments were found in performance, carcass quality and microbial counts with the exception of LD, which was lower in PDOC compared with C animals (45.5 v. 47.5 mm, SEM: 0.62; P = 0.020). The FA profile of the subcutaneous fat did not differ between treatments, but the monounsaturated FA (MUFA) concentration was higher and the polyunsaturated FA was lower in the animals fed PDOC (50.9 v. 48.3, SEM: 0.48, P < 0.001; 17.6 v. 19.3, SEM: 0.30, P < 0.001 in mg/100 g of Total FA, for PDOC and C animals, respectively). The initial pig slurry characterisation only showed differences in ADF concentration that was higher (P < 0.05) in the slurry from PDOC treatment. Regarding gas emission, slurries from both treatments emitted similar amounts of ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), as well as B0 values. The results obtained suggest that PDOC may be included in balanced pig diets at rates of up to 120 g/kg without negative effects on performance, carcass quality, gut microflora and slurry gas emission, while improving the MUFA concentration of subcutaneous fat.

Evaluation of CD7 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) expression in CD34+ myeloblasts from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

There is an emerging use of flow cytometry to evaluate patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We have studied CD7 and TdT expression in the CD34+ myeloid blast cell population in 55 bone marrow samples of patients with MDS. CD7 and/or TdT were detected in 38 out of 55 patients (69%). CD7 expression was not related to other bad prognosis data but conversely, we found an association between TdT+ CD34 myeloblasts and high-risk MDS patients according to the International Prognostic Scoring System. Therefore, CD7 and TdT may help to establish the diagnosis of MDS and, TdT expression also seems to be a useful marker in distinguishing risk groups.

Crystal phase competition by addition of a second metal cation in solid solution metal-organic frameworks.

Herein we report a synthetic study focused on the preparation of solid-solution metal-organic frameworks, MOFs, with the use of two kinds of linkers. In particular, we have explored the system composed by zinc, cobalt, 1,2,4-triazole and 4,4'-hexafluoroisopropylidenebisbenzoic acid (H2hfipbb). During this study, four new MOFs have been isolated, denoted TMPF-88 [M3(hfipbb)2(triazole)2(H2O)], TMPF-90 [M2(triazole)3(OCH2CH3)], TMPF-91 [M2(hfipbb)(triazole)2(H2O)] and TMPF-95 [M5(hfipbb)4(triazole)2(H2O)] (TMPF = transition metal polymeric framework, M = Zn, Co, or mixture of them). The study demonstrates that the addition of a second metal element during the MOF synthesis has a major effect in the formation of new phases, even at very high Zn/Co metal ratios. Furthermore, we show that during the MOF formation reaction, there is a competition among different crystal phases, where kinetically favoured phases of various compositions crystallize in short reaction times, precluding the formation of the pure solid-solution phases of other energetically more stable MOFs.

Effects of chronic dietary exposure to monosodium glutamate on feeding behavior, adiposity, gastrointestinal motility, and cardiovascular function in healthy adult rats.

BACKGROUND: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor-enhancer widely used as a food additive. However, its safe dietary concentration and its toxicity, including its possible implication in the recent metabolic syndrome pandemia, is still a controversial issue. Therefore, a deep knowledge of its effects upon regular dietary use is needed. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to MSG on feeding behavior, abdominal fat, gastrointestinal motility, and cardiovascular function in rats. METHODS: Two groups of adult male Wistar rats were used: control and treated with MSG (4 g/L in drinking water) for 6 weeks. Different functional parameters were determined and the histological structure was analyzed in tissues of interest. KEY RESULTS: Compared to control animals, chronic MSG increased water intake but did not modify food ingestion or body weight gain. Neither the abdominal fat volume nor the fat fraction, measured by magnetic resonance imaging, was modified by MSG. Monosodium glutamate did not alter general gastrointestinal motility, but significantly increased the colonic response to mechanical stimulation. It slightly reduced endothelium-dependent relaxation in aorta, without significantly modifying any other cardiovascular parameters. No significant histological alterations were detected in salivary glands, intestinal wall, aorta, heart, and kidney. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: Chronic treatment with MSG in the adult rat increased water intake. This supports its potential to improve acceptance of low-fat regimens and to increase hydration in the elderly and sportspeople, often at risk of dehydration. Changes in colonic contractility and cardiovascular function could have some long-term repercussions warranting further research.

A method combining immunocapture and PCR amplification in a microtiter plate for the detection of plant viruses and subviral pathogens.

A method for the detection of RNA viral and subviral plant pathogens was developed that combines pathogen partial purification by solid-phase adsorbed antibodies, reverse transcriptional-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitation of the amplified products by fluorescence. The reverse transcription of the RNA is performed directly on the retained material without any previous thermal or chemical disruption of the virus particles. The whole procedure can be carried out in a microtiter plate. Its validity has been successfully confirmed for the detection of bean yellow mosaic virus, cherry leafroll virus, cucumber mosaic virus, citrus tristeza virus, grapevine fanleaf virus, potato leafroll virus, pepper mild mottle virus, and tomato spotted wilt virus, as well as the satellite RNA of cucumber mosaic virus and potato spindle tuber viroid. In this procedure virus-specific antibodies can be replaced by monoclonal antibodies against double-stranded RNA, thus offering the possibility of detection when no specific virus antibodies are available, or immunological methods are difficult to use (i.e., subviral pathogens like satellite-RNAs or viroids). The method described has the typical sensitivity of assays based on the polymerase chain reaction, it is not more laborious than ELISA, and an equivalent degree of automation is possible.

Serotype-specific detection of bean common mosaic potyvirus in bean leaf and seed tissue by enzymatic amplification.

An assay involving reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is described for specific detection of serotypes A and B BCMV isolates in bean leaf and seed tissues. Three oligonucleotide primers designed according to the sequence data available allow, in appropriate combination, serotype-specific detection of BCMV. The sensitivity of the method was sufficient to detect BCMV in as little as 100 fg and 50 pg of infected leaf and seed tissues, respectively.

Direct PCR detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus.

A PCR assay for the detection and characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus was developed. The procedure allows RT-PCR amplification following direct adsorption of viral suspensions to microtiter plates, avoiding previous steps of phenol-extraction or heating. Using this procedure, FMDV-specific (based on 3D gene sequences), as well as serotype-specific (based on VP1 gene sequences) amplification were achieved for viral samples of serotypes A, O and C, either from cell culture supernatants or from lesions of infected animals. The assay allowed detection of around 15 PFU, being 500-fold more sensitive than a conventional indirect ELISA. This new method constitutes a simple, rapid and efficient alternative for the diagnosis and characterization of FMDV by PCR.

Evidence for a dopaminergic innervation of the cat lateral habenula: its role in controlling serotonin transmission in the basal ganglia.

The presence of a dopaminergic innervation of the cat lateral habenula and its possible role in modulating serotonin transmission within the basal ganglia were investigated using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. A high density of [3H]spiroperidol binding sites with similar affinities for domperidone and apomorphine as those present in the cat striatum were found in the habenula. By means of the push-pull cannula technique, a substantial release of [3H]dopamine continuously formed from [3H]tyrosine was detected in the lateral habenula of halothane-anesthetized cats since the amount of [3H]catecholamines was enhanced in the presence of benztropine, an inhibitor of dopamine uptake into dopaminergic nerve terminals. Furthermore, in anesthetized animals with a push-pull cannula implanted in each caudate nucleus and substantia nigra habenular applications of dopamine (10(-7) M) reduced nigral but not striatal release of [3H]serotonin continuously formed from [3H]tryptophan. This change was prevented either by the delivery of domperidone to the lateral habenula or by the blockade of GABAergic transmission (picrotoxin 10(-5) M) in the dorsal raphe. These data support the involvement of habenulo-raphe pathways in the regulation of serotonin transmission in the cat basal ganglia and indicate that dopaminergic inputs to the lateral habenula participate in such a control.

Comparison study of CT and positron emission tomographic data in recent cerebral infarction.

To better understand the pathophysiologic correlates of the computed tomographic (CT) scan changes seen in recent cerebral infarction, 17 patients (20 studies) underwent both x-ray transmission and positron emission CT investigations within 18 days after clinical onset of complicated ischemic stroke in the internal carotid artery territory. The density changes before and after contrast study measured within the CT lesion were correlated to the local cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen utilization (CMRO2), and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measured with the oxygen-15 steady-state positron technique. Statistically significant linear correlations were found between hypodensity and CBF, hypodensity and CMRO2, and contrast enhancement and CBF, such that the more CBF and CMRO2 were depressed, the more marked was the hypodensity; and the more CBF was elevated, the more marked was the contrast enhancement. Although marked contrast enhancement was associated with decreased OEF (luxury perfusion), it was only rarely associated with increased CBF. Various hypotheses are discussed to explain these findings.

Immunotherapy units: a follow-up study.

Immunotherapy units are becoming an increasingly important component of allergy and clinical immunology departments in Spain. The objective of this study was to establish the rate of adverse reactions registered in an immunotherapy unit in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, from May 1998 to May 2000. A total of 5,108 immunotherapy doses were administered to 339 patients (123 males and 216 females): 254 patients (75%) received mite, 48 patients (14.1%) pollen, 7 patients (2%) cat, 2 patients (0.6%) Alternaria alternata, and 38 patients (11.2%) hymenoptera venom immunotherapy; 238 patients (70.2%) had rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma, 59 (17.4%) rhinoconjunctivitis, 5 (1.4%) asthma, and 38 (11.2) hymenoptera sensitivity. A total of 42 episodes of adverse reactions were recorded (0.8% of all the administered doses). Of these reactions, 36 (85.7%) occurred within 30 minutes after the injection was administered, consisting of 15 large local reactions (0.3% of the total amount of injection given) and 21 systemic reactions (0.4%) that occurred only in asthmatic patients. All the systemic reactions were mild and rapidly reversible with appropriate treatment. Only in two cases was an immediate systemic reaction associated with a large local reaction. Six reactions (14.3%) occurred after 30 minutes and consisted only of large local reactions. A total of 15 systemic episodes (71.4% of all the systemic reactions) were registered at initial build-up doses. As to the types of allergens, 14.2% of the individuals receiving cat immunotherapy, 7.8% of the individuals receiving hymenoptera venom, 6.3% of the individuals receiving pollen immunotherapy, and 2.7% of the individuals receiving mite immunotherapy experienced an adverse reaction. Only 0.8% of the administered doses presented any kind of adverse reaction, of which only 0.4% were systemic. The latter were always mild and rapidly reversible with adequate treatment, and there was no vital danger for any patient. Immunotherapy is a safe modality of treatment for allergic respiratory diseases and immunotherapy units provide a controlled and safe environment for its administration.

First Report of Grapevine Virus A in Spain.

Grapevine trichovirus A (GVA), a flexuous, filamentous, phloem-limited virus with an approximately 7.3-kbp RNA genome, is widespread in grapevines showing symptoms of leafroll and/or rugose wood. The virus can be mechanically inoculated to Nicotiana benthamiana and N. clevelandii. A field survey of diseased Vitis vinifera white and red cultivars was carried out in Pontevedra (northwest Spain) during the autumn of 1993. We detected the presence of GVA in vines showing leafroll symptoms by an immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method (2) with GVA-specific primers (1). Bands of the expected size of 430 bp were obtained with extracts from petioles and stem bark as reaction substrates. To verify these results, Northern (RNA) blots with double-stranded (ds) RNAs isolated from grapevines were prepared. Hybridization was positive in two out of 10 samples analyzed. The probe was a 32P-labeled 430-bp PCR product amplified from extracts of N. benthamiana plants infected with GVA strain Is151 (gift of A. Mina-fra). The specificity of this probe was confirmed in dot blot hybridization, as a positive signal was obtained with extracts from GVA-inoculated N. benthamiana, but not with extracts of phosphate buffer-inoculated N. benthamiana, turnip mosaic potyvirus-inoculated Arabidopsis thaliana, or potato potyvirus Y-inoculated N. xanthi plants. The probe did not hybridize to dsRNAs extracted from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-positive GLRaV-III-infected grapevines. GVA has been identified in other Mediterranean countries, but to our knowledge this is the first report of the detection of GVA in Spain. References: (1) A. Minafra and A. Hadidi. J. Virol. Methods 47:175, 1994. (2) G. Nolasco et al. J. Virol. Methods 45:201, 1993.

A Bipartite Geminivirus Infecting Tomatoes in Cuba.

Whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses have increased in their distribution and importance during the last decade, apparently due to a wider distribution of their vector Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). In Cuba, symptoms of geminivirus disease have been observed since the early 1990s. A survey of geminivirus-caused diseases in tomato plants has been conducted since 1994 in the province of La Habana. The most severe symptoms were observed in the commercial varieties Campbell 28, Criollo Quivican, and HC 3880. In some plants the Israeli strain of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (TYLCV) was detected (1). In other cases, a viral DNA with a genome size smaller than that of TYLCV that could not be amplified with primers specific for the Israeli strain was also detected by hybridization. In these samples a polymerase chain reaction amplification with broad-spectrum, degenerate primers designed for whitefly-transmitted bipartite geminivirus (2) was carried out. Two fragments of about 1.1 and 0.6 kb, corresponding to components A and B, respectively, were amplified, indicating that a bipartite geminivirus was present. The 1.1-kb fragment amplified from a sample showing strong leaf yellowing and slight curling was cloned and sequenced. A sequence of 1,174 nucleotides was obtained and compared with geminivirus sequences deposited in the GenBank, by multiple alignment (CLUSTAL W, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton Hall, UK). Genetic distances were calculated by Kimura's two parameters method. Percentages of similarities obtained with the sequence were as follows: tomato mottle virus 78%, abutilon mosaic virus 73.8%, and tomato golden mosaic 61.8%. Partial sequences of the open reading frames AL1 and AR1 and the intergenic region were present. Percentages of similarities obtained with the intergenic region were as follows: tomato mottle virus 78.1%, sida golden mosaic virus 63%, bean dwarf mosaic virus 62.6%, abutilon mosaic virus 57.1%, and tomato golden mosaic virus 32%. These results suggest that we have detected in Cuban tomatoes a new bipartite geminivirus related to tomato mottle virus, and we propose that it be named Havana tomato virus. Frequency of distribution of viruses in commercial varieties and their relationship with the presence of whiteflies are currently being studied. References: (1) Y. Martinez et al. J. Phytopathol. 144:277, 1996. (2) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993.

Virus Diseases of Broad Bean in Spain.

Broad bean (Vicia faba L.) plants showing symptoms suggestive of viral infection, such as stunting, leaf roll, mosaic, chlorosis, necrosis, and yellowing, were observed in the Andalucia, Baleares, Cataluna, and Murcia regions of Spain. A 4-year field survey showed the presence of five viruses: bean leaf roll luteovirus (BLRV), beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV), bean yellow mosaic potyvirus (BYMV), tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV), and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV). Identity of viruses was first determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by at least one other method, such as inoculation to plant hosts, electron microscopy, molecular hybridization, or immunocapture-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Of the 250 samples assayed, 93 were positive for BYMV, 21 for BLRV, 10 for BWYV, 30 for TSWV, and 2 for CMV. Faba bean necrotic yellow virus (a single-strand DNA virus) and broad bean mottle bromovirus, which are widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin, were not detected in the samples analyzed. BYMV was distributed in all regions, whereas TSWV was restricted only to Mediterranean areas. To our knowledge, this is the first report of viruses infecting broad bean in Spain.