RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Between 1st January and 31st December 2007, 331 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were collected from 20 participating laboratories in the Pneumococcus Network Pays de la Loire county to assess their susceptibility to antibiotics and to evaluate serogroups of strains. METHOD: The coordinating centre performed MICs of penicillin G, amoxicillin and cefotaxime by the reference agar dilution method. Results were interpreted according to CA-SFM breakpoints. Sensitivity to other antibiotics were studied and serotyping of each strain performed. RESULTS: Three hundred and thirty one strains were isolated in 2007. They were collected from 30 cerebrospinal fluids, 239 blood samples, 53 middle ear fluids and nine pleural fluids. The percentage of pneumococci with decreased susceptibility to penicillin G (PDSP) was 39% and was higher in children (51%) than in adults (35%). The PDSP were often multidrug resistants especially with a high percentage of resistance to erythromycin (87.6% versus 8.4% for pneumococci sensitive to penicillin G). Finally, the most prevalent serogroup was the serogroup 19 (29.6% of isolates). CONCLUSION: A decrease of PDSP was observed since 2001 and high-level resistant strains to beta-lactams remain low. The rate of PDSP in Pays de la Loire is in the national average.
Asunto(s)
Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Infecciones Neumocócicas/microbiología , Vigilancia de la Población , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Líquidos Corporales/microbiología , Niño , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Francia/epidemiología , Humanos , Infecciones Neumocócicas/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Serotipificación , Streptococcus pneumoniae/clasificación , Streptococcus pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Cases of human listeriosis have recently increased in Western France (Maine-et-Loire and Mayenne); until 1974, there were only 15 documented cases yearly where as in 1975, there were 113 cases, and in 1976, 54 documented cases at the hospitals of Angers and Laval. Included amongst the clinical manifestations observed, were 126 cases of materno-fetal infections and 41 cases of either septicemia or meningo-encephalitis. The bacteriological study revealed a certain variability of biological characteristics examined, the overwhelming frequence of bacteria of the strain 4 b and the predictable sensitivity of this strain to antibiotics commonly employed in cases of listeriosis. The human cases were notably more frequent between January and June but their geographical distribution was not related to cases of either animal disease nor listeria that was isolated from corn silage. In this report, we propose an etio-pathological explanation for this epidemic.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades/epidemiología , Listeriosis/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Francia , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Enfermedades del Recién Nacido/etiología , Listeriosis/complicaciones , Listeriosis/transmisión , Masculino , Intercambio Materno-Fetal , Meningoencefalitis/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Embarazo , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/etiología , Sepsis/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Intestinales/microbiología , Infecciones por Spirochaetales/microbiología , Spirochaetales/aislamiento & purificación , Anciano , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades Intestinales/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Spirochaetales/crecimiento & desarrollo , Infecciones por Spirochaetales/sangreAsunto(s)
Bacteriemia/microbiología , Exantema/etiología , Enfermedades Cutáneas Vesiculoampollosas/etiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Aguda , Preescolar , Enterotoxinas/análisis , Humanos , Masculino , Choque Séptico/microbiología , Staphylococcus aureus/inmunología , Superantígenos/análisisAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Artritis Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Fiebre por Mordedura de Rata/diagnóstico , Streptobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Anciano , Amoxicilina/administración & dosificación , Amoxicilina/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Artritis Infecciosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Artritis Infecciosa/microbiología , Clindamicina/administración & dosificación , Clindamicina/uso terapéutico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Quimioterapia Combinada , Gentamicinas/administración & dosificación , Gentamicinas/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Inmunocompetencia , Gripe Humana/diagnóstico , Masculino , Exposición Profesional , Fiebre por Mordedura de Rata/tratamiento farmacológico , Fiebre por Mordedura de Rata/microbiología , Ratas , Streptobacillus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
A study of 1956 strains of Escherichia coli isolated at the Angers Regional Hospital Center during the year 1972, was used for the development of a statistical method of study of epidemiology of antibiotic resistance.