RESUMEN
The issues of polysulfide shuttling and lethargic sulfur redox reaction (SROR) kinetics are the toughest obstacles of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery. Herein, integrating the merits of increased density of metal sites and synergistic catalytic effect, a unique single-atom catalyst (SAC) with nonmetallic-bonding Fe-Mn diatomic pairs anchored on hollow nitrogen-doped carbonaceous nanodisk (denoted as FeMnDA@NC) is successfully constructed and well characterized by aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, etc. Density functional theory calculation indicates that the Fe-Mn diatomic pairs can effectively inhibit the shuttle effect by enhancing the adsorption ability retarding the polysulfide migration and accelerate the SROR kinetics. As a result, the Li-S battery assembled with FeMnDA@NC modified separator possesses an excellent electrochemical performance with ultrahigh specific capacities of 1419 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C and 885 mAh g-1 at 3.0 C, respectively. An outstanding specific capacity of 1165 mAh g-1 is achieved at 1.0 C and maintains at 731 mAh g-1 after 700 cycles. Notably, the assembled Li-S battery with a high sulfur loading of 5.35 mg cm-2 harvests a practical areal capacity of 5.70 mAh cm-2 at 0.2 C. A new perspective is offered here to construct advanced SACs suitable for the Li-S battery.
RESUMEN
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) suffer from sharp cycling deterioration due to serious interfacial side reactions and corrosion problems on the zinc anode. Herein, an efficacious approach to construct hydrophobic ZnMoO4 coatings on Zn (denoted as Zn@ZMO) is proposed to mitigate direct contact between the zinc anode and electrolyte and enhance its cycle life. The hydrophobic ZnMoO4 layer (contact angle = 128°) with a honeycomb-like structure is prepared by an in situ liquid phase deposition method. The as-prepared ZnMoO4 coating exhibits persistent corrosion protection for Zn through 30 days of immersion in a 2 M ZnSO4 electrolyte, indicating excellent stability of the ZnMoO4 layer and ensuring its available application in AZIBs. Unique microchannels in this kind of honeycomb-like structured coating favor Zn2+ ion diffusion and ease of ion transport, especially at high current cycling. Its robust surface exclusion can effectively counter other side reactions induced by water, simultaneously. As a result, the Zn@ZMO symmetrical cell shows a remarkable cycle lifespan exceeding 2700 h at 1 mA cm-2/1 mA h cm-2, surpassing that of the bare zinc cell by more than 100 folds. At a current density of 5 A g-1, the Zn@ZMO//V2O5 cell can still achieve a specific capacity of 167.0 mA h g-1 after 500 cycles with a capacity retention rate of 88%, which demonstrates its long-term cycling stability.
RESUMEN
The widespread ozone (O3) pollution is extremely hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Catalytic decomposition into O2 is the most promising method to eliminate ambient O3, while the fast deactivation of catalysts under humid conditions remains the primary challenge for their application. Herein, we elaborately developed a splendidly active and stable Mn-based catalyst with double hydrophobic protection of active carbon (AC) and CeO2 (CeMn@AC), which possessed abundant interfacial oxygen vacancies and excellent desorption of peroxide intermediates (O22-). Under extremely humid (RH = 90%) conditions and a high space velocity of 1200 L h-1 g-1, the optimized CeMn@AC achieved nearly 100% O3 conversion (140 h) at 5 ppm, showing unprecedented catalytic activity and moisture resistance toward O3 decomposition. In situ DRIFTS and theory calculations confirmed that the exceptional moisture resistance of CeMn@AC was ascribed to the double protection effect of AC and CeO2, which cooperatively prevented the competitive adsorption of H2O molecules and their accumulation on the active sites of MnO2. AC provided a hydrophobic reaction environment, and CeO2 further alleviated moisture deterioration of the MnO2 particles exposed on the catalyst surface via the moisture-resistant oxygen vacancies of MnO2-CeO2 crystal boundaries. This work offers a simple and efficient strategy for designing moisture-resistant materials and facilitates the practical application of the O3 decomposition catalysts in various environments.
Asunto(s)
Ozono , Ozono/química , Catálisis , Carbono/química , Compuestos de Manganeso/química , Cerio/química , Óxidos/químicaRESUMEN
Photocatalytic oxidation has gained great interest in environmental remediation, but it is still limited by its low efficiency and catalytic deactivation in the degradation of aromatic VOCs. In this study, we concurrently regulated the surface hydroxyl and oxygen vacancies by introducing Al into ZnSn layered double hydroxide (LDH). The presence of distorted Al species induced local charge redistribution, leading to the remarkable formation of oxygen vacancies. These oxygen vacancies subsequently increased the amount of surface hydroxyl and elongated its bond length. The synergistic effects of surface hydroxyl and oxygen vacancies greatly enhanced reactant adsorption-activation and facilitated charge transfer to generate â¢OH, â¢O2-, and 1O2, resulting in highly efficient oxidation and ring-opening of various aromatic VOCs. Compared with commercial TiO2, the optimized ZnSnAl-50 catalyst exhibited about 2-fold activity for the toluene and styrene degradation and 10-fold activity for the chlorobenzene degradation. Moreover, ZnSnAl-50 demonstrated exceptional stability in the photocatalytic oxidation of toluene under a wide humidity range of 0-75%. This work marvelously improves the photocatalytic efficiency, stability, and adaptability through a novel strategy of surface hydroxyl and oxygen vacancies engineering.
Asunto(s)
Radical Hidroxilo , Oxígeno , Adsorción , Oxidación-Reducción , ToluenoRESUMEN
Arsenic (As) has been widely detected in surface media on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP); however, the differences in the As distribution and partitioning characteristics between freshwater and saltwater lakes remain poorly understood. To determine the distribution and partitioning characteristics of As, multimedia environmental samples were collected from a typical small watershed consisting of a river, wetland, and both freshwater and saltwater lakes on the QTP. Results showed that freshwater systems, represented by Hurleg Lake, were high in particulate arsenic (PAs) and low in dissolved arsenic (DAs), whereas the saltwater system represented by Tosen Lake, exhibited the reverse distribution. This discrepancy in As distribution was primarily attributed to evaporation enrichment, competitive adsorption of HCO3- and pH variations, as suggested by correlation analysis and stable isotopic composition of water. In the stratified Tosen Lake, an increasing trend of DAs in the water column was observed, potentially driven by the reductive dissolution of Fe (hydr)oxides and bacterial sulfate reduction in the anoxic bottom hypolimnion. Conversely, Hurleg Lake maintained oxic conditions with stable DAs concentrations. Notably, PAs was elevated in the bottom layer of both lakes, possibly due to uptake/adsorption by biogenic particles, as indicated by high levels of chl.α and suspended particulate matter. These findings offer insights into the potential future impact of climate change on As mobilization/redistribution in arid plateau lakes, with implications for management policies that regulate As pollution.
Asunto(s)
Arsénico , Lagos , Lagos/química , Arsénico/análisis , Tibet , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Agua , ChinaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and osteoporosis (OP) are prevalent diseases in the elderly. This study aims to reveal the clinical association between OSA and OP and explore potential crosstalk gene targets. METHODS: Participants diagnosed with OSA in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2015-2020) were included, and OP was diagnosed based on bone mineral density (BMD). We explored the association between OSA and OP, and utilized multivariate logistic regression analysis and machine learning algorithms to explore the risk factors for OP in OSA patients. Overlapping genes of comorbidity were explored using differential expression analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and Random Forest (RF) methods. RESULTS: In the OSA population, the weighted prevalence of OP was 7.0%. The OP group had more females, lower body mass index (BMI), and more low/middle-income individuals compared to the non-OP group. Female gender and lower BMI were identified as independent risk factors for OP in OSA patients. Gene expression profiling revealed 8 overlapping differentially expressed genes in OP and OSA patients. KCNJ1, NPR3 and WT1-AS were identified as shared diagnostic biomarkers or OSA and OP, all of which are associated with immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSION: This study pinpointed female gender and lower BMI as OP risk factors in OSA patients, and uncovered three pivotal genes linked to OSA and OP comorbidity, offering fresh perspectives and research targets.
Asunto(s)
Encuestas Nutricionales , Osteoporosis , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Humanos , Osteoporosis/genética , Osteoporosis/epidemiología , Femenino , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/genética , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Anciano , Transcriptoma , Adulto , Perfilación de la Expresión GénicaRESUMEN
Li metal is regarded as the "Holy Grail" in the next generation of anode materials due to its high theoretical capacity and low redox potential. However, sluggish Li ions interfacial transport kinetics and uncontrollable Li dendrites growth limit practical application of the energy storage system in high-power device. Herein, separators are modified by the addition of a coating, which spontaneously grafts onto the Li anode interface for in situ lithiation. The resultant alloy possessing of strong electron-donating property promotes the decomposition of lithium bistrifluoromethane sulfonimide in the electrolyte to form a LiF-rich alloy-doped solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer. High ionic alloy solid solution diffusivity and electric field dispersion modulation accelerate Li ions transport and uniform stripping/plating, resulting in a high-power dendrite-free Li metal anode interface. Surprisingly, the formulated SEI layer achieves an ultra-long cycle life of over 8000â h (20,000â cycles) for symmetric cells at a current density of 10â mA cm-2. It also ensures that the NCM(811)//PP@Au//Li full cell at ultra-high currents (40â C) completes the charging/discharging process in only 68â s to provide high capacity of 151â mAh g-1. The results confirm that this scalable strategy has great development potential in realizing high power dendrite-free Li metal anode.
RESUMEN
Ozone (O3) pollution is highly detrimental to human health and the ecosystem due to it being ubiquitous in ambient air and industrial processes. Catalytic decomposition is the most efficient technology for O3 elimination, while the moisture-induced low stability represents the major challenge for its practical applications. Here, activated carbon (AC) supported δ-MnO2 (Mn/AC-A) was facilely synthesized via mild redox in an oxidizing atmosphere to obtain exceptional O3 decomposition capacity. The optimal 5Mn/AC-A achieved nearly 100% of O3 decomposition at a high space velocity (1200 L g-1 h-1) and remained extremely stable under entire humidity conditions. The functionalized AC provided well-designed protection sites to inhibit the accumulation of water on δ-MnO2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the abundant oxygen vacancies and a low desorption energy of intermediate peroxide (O22-) can significantly boost O3 decomposition activity. Moreover, a kilo-scale 5Mn/AC-A with low cost (â¼1.5 $/kg) was used for the O3 decomposition in practical applications, which could quickly decompose O3 pollution to a safety level below 100 µg m-3. This work offers a simple strategy for the development of moisture-resistant and inexpensive catalysts and greatly promotes the practical application of ambient O3 elimination.
Asunto(s)
Ozono , Humanos , Óxidos , Carbón Orgánico , Humedad , Compuestos de Manganeso , Ecosistema , Oxígeno , CatálisisRESUMEN
Ozone catalytic oxidation (OZCO) has gained great interest in environmental remediation while it still faces a big challenge during the deep degradation of refractory volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at room temperature. Hydroxylation of the catalytic surface provides a new strategy for regulating the catalytic activity to boost VOC degradation. Herein, OZCO of toluene at room temperature over hydroxyl-mediated MnOx/Al2O3 catalysts was originally demonstrated. Specifically, a novel hydroxyl-mediated MnOx/Al2O3 catalyst was developed via the in situ AlOOH reconstruction method and used for toluene OZCO. The toluene degradation performance of MnOx/Al2O3 was significantly superior to those of most of the state-of-the-art catalysts, and 100% toluene was removed with an excellent mineralization rate (82.3%) and catalytic stability during OZCO. ESR and in situ DRIFTs results demonstrated that surface hydroxyl groups (HGs) greatly improved the reactive oxygen species generation, thus dramatically accelerating the benzene ring breakage and deep mineralization. Furthermore, HGs provided anchoring sites for uniformly dispersing MnOx and greatly enhanced toluene adsorption and ozone activation. This work paves a way for deep decomposition of aromatic VOCs at room temperature.
Asunto(s)
Ozono , Óxidos , Temperatura , Tolueno , Oxidación-Reducción , Radical Hidroxilo , CatálisisRESUMEN
In optical biosensing, analyte-independent factors such as autofluorescence interference and excitation source fluctuation decrease the sensitivity and accuracy. Herein, we reported a bimodal persistent luminescence strategy to design dual-emissive persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) with built-in self-calibration to preclude interference from analyte-independent factors in biosensing. As a proof of concept, ZnGa2O4:Cr PLNPs with emissions at both 490 nm and 695 nm were designed. The I490/I695 ratio of ZnGa2O4:Cr was readily adjusted by simply changing the doping concentration of Cr3+. The ZnGa2O4:Cr PLNPs were employed for the ratiometric detection of urinary mesna. A good linear relationship between the I490/I695 ratio of ZnGa2O4:Cr-based nanoprobe and the concentration of mesna was obtained in the range of 0-40 µM. The limit of detection was about 0.40 µM. Results showed that autofluorescence interference from urine was totally eliminated by collecting the persistent luminescence signal of ZnGa2O4:Cr after excitation ceased. Moreover, the built-in self-calibration feature of the ratiometric ZnGa2O4:Cr PLNPs efficiently suppressed the interference from fluctuations in instrumental parameters during urinary mesna detection. The recovery rates of mesna in the spiked urine samples are in the range of 99.1~109.0%, showing the reliability of the ratiometric ZnGa2O4:Cr PLNPs in urinary mesna detection. ZnGa2O4:Cr can further be expanded to the detection of other analytes in complex matrices. This study may open new opportunities for the design of dual-emissive PLNPs with tunable ratios of emission intensity, and it can further promote the applications of optical biosensing in disease diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring.
RESUMEN
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe condition with limited therapeutic options and characterized by increased fibroblast activation and progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, has been reported to possess protective roles in lung diseases including pulmonary fibrosis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the protective effects of ghrelin remain unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ghrelin on transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo and the possible mechanism of action. It was found that ghrelin significantly attenuated TGF-ß1-induced fibrotic responses in human lung fibroblast (IMR-90) cells and bleomycin (BLM)-induced fibrotic lung tissues. Meanwhile, ghrelin decreased the expressions of miR-125a-5p and phosphorylated smad2/3 and increased protein expressions of Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) in vivo and in vitro. Ghrelin-induced anti-fibrotic effects and smad2/3 downregulation in TGF-ß1-stimulated IMR-90 cells were markedly reversed by miR-125a-5p mimics and KLF13 siRNA. Furthermore, miR-125a-5p directly targeted KLF13 in IMR-90 cells. Our findings suggest that ghrelin attenuates TGF-ß1-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the miR-125a-5p/KLF13 axis, which supports ghrelin as a new therapeutic agent against pulmonary fibrosis by antagonizing the TGF-ß1 signaling pathway.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Ghrelina/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/metabolismo , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Fibrosis Pulmonar/metabolismo , Proteínas Represoras/metabolismo , Animales , Bleomicina , Línea Celular , Regulación hacia Abajo , Humanos , Masculino , Fibrosis Pulmonar/inducido químicamente , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Proteína Smad2/metabolismo , Proteína smad3/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1RESUMEN
A direct and straightforward thiocyanation of enamides with NH4SCN under metal-free conditions has been accomplished. A variety of (E)-ß-thiocyanoenamides are readily produced in a regio- and stereo-selective manner. The protocol features mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance and operational simplicity. The potential utility of this strategy was further demonstrated by transformation of thiocyanate into thiotetrazole-containing compounds and a Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction to afford six- or seven-membered sulfur-containing heterocycles. Mechanistic insights into the reaction indicate that the reaction may proceed via a radical mechanism.
RESUMEN
Understanding the functional dynamics of neural oscillations in the sensory thalamus is essential for elucidating the perception and modulation of neuropathic pain. Local field potentials were recorded from the sensory thalamus of twelve neuropathic pain patients. Single and combinational neural states were defined by the activity state of a single or paired oscillations. Relationships between the duration or occurrence rate of neural state and pre-operative pain level or pain relief induced by deep brain stimulation were evaluated. Results showed that the occurrence rate of the single neural state of low-beta oscillation was significantly correlated with pain relief. The duration and occurrence rate of combinational neural states of the paired low-beta with delta, theta, alpha, high-beta or low-gamma oscillations were more significantly correlated with pain relief than the single neural states. Moreover, these significant combinational neural states formed a local oscillatory network with low-beta oscillation as a key node. The results also showed correlations between measures of combinational neural states and subjective pain level as well. The duration of combinational neural states of paired alpha with delta or theta oscillations and the occurrence rate of neural states of the paired delta with low-beta or low-gamma oscillations were significantly correlated with pre-operative pain level. In conclusion, this study revealed that the integration of oscillations and the functional dynamics of neural states were differentially involved in modulation and perception of neuropathic pain. The functional dynamics could be biomarkers for developing neural state-dependent deep brain stimulation for neuropathic pain.
Asunto(s)
Neuralgia , Tálamo , Humanos , Neuralgia/terapiaRESUMEN
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with increasing occurrence, high death rates and unfavorable treatment regimens. In the current study, we identified the expression of microRNA-9 (miR-9) and anoctamin-1 (ANO1) in IPF mouse models induced by bleomycin, and their effects on inflammation and fibroblast proliferation through the transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß)-Smad3 pathway. To verify the targeting relationship between miR-9 and ANO1, we used bioinformatics prediction and conducted a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of miR-9 and the target gene ANO1 were investigated mainly with the treatment of miR-9 mimic, miR-9 inhibitor, or siRNA against ANO1 in fibroblasts isolated from IPF mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to investigate the effect of miR-9 or ANO1 on inflammatory factors. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and flow cytometry were used to detect fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were applied to measure the expression of the TGF-ß-Smad3 pathway-related genes. The determination of luciferase activity suggested that miR-9 targets ANO1. Upregulation of miR-9 or silencing of ANO1 intensified inflammation in IPF, promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptotic ability of lung fibroblasts. MiR-9 negatively modulated ANO1, and thus activated the TGF-ß-Smad3 pathway. These findings suggest that miR-9 can indirectly activate the TGF-ß-Smad3 pathway by inhibiting the expression of ANO1, thereby aggravating inflammation, promotes proliferation and suppressing apoptosis of lung fibroblasts in mice models of IPF.
Asunto(s)
Anoctamina-1/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Bleomicina/farmacología , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo/efectos de los fármacos , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/genética , Pulmón/metabolismo , Ratones , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína smad3/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismoRESUMEN
Rapamycin (RAP) is currently being developed as potential antibreast cancer drug. However, its poor solubility completely limits its use. The aim of this study was to develop polyethylene glycol-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA)-based nanoparticles (NPs) to load RAP via microfluidics with an appropriate polyethylene glycol (PEG) content to enhance the bioavailability of RAP. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chips with a Y-shaped channel were designed to obtain RAP-loaded PEG-PLGA NPs (RAP-PEG-PLGA). The entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) as well as release profile of RAP-PEG-PLGA were evaluated, and their resistance to plasma albumin adsorption of NPs with different PEG contents was evaluated and compared. RAW264.7 and 4T1 cells were used to assess the antiphagocytic and anticancer cells effect of NPs, respectively. RAP-PEG-PLGA of around 124 nm in size were successfully prepared with the EE of 82.0% and DL of 12.3%, and sustained release for around 40 d. A PEG relative content of 10% within the PEG-PLGA molecule was shown superior in resisting protein adsorption. RAP-PEG-PLGA inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells when the concentration was over 10 µg/mL, and the inhibition efficiency was significantly higher than free RAP. Hence, the current RAP-PEG-PLGA could be a potential therapeutic system for breast cancer treatment.
Asunto(s)
Portadores de Fármacos , Nanopartículas , Polietilenglicoles , Sirolimus , Sirolimus/química , Sirolimus/administración & dosificación , Sirolimus/farmacología , Sirolimus/farmacocinética , Polietilenglicoles/química , Animales , Nanopartículas/química , Ratones , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Liberación de Fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Células RAW 264.7 , Tamaño de la Partícula , Precipitación Química , Adsorción , Humanos , PoliésteresRESUMEN
Cell-based meat technology provides an effective method to meet the demand for meat, while also posing a huge challenge to the expansion of myoblasts. It is difficult to develop serum-free medium suitable for long-term culture and large-scale expansion of myoblasts, which causes limited understanding of myoblasts expansion. Therefore, this study used C2C12 myoblasts as model cells and developed a serum-free medium for large-scale expansion of myoblasts in vitro using the Plackett-Burman design. The serum-free medium can support short-term proliferation and long-term passage of C2C12 myoblasts, while maintaining myogenic differentiation potential well, which is comparable to those of growth medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Based on the C2C12 myoblasts microcarriers serum-free culture system established in this study, the actual expansion folds of myoblasts can reach 43.55 folds after 7 days. Moreover, cell-based meat chunks were preliminarily prepared using glutamine transaminase and edible pigments. The research results provide reference for serum-free culture and large-scale expansion of myoblasts in vitro, laying the foundation for cell-based meat production. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study developed a serum-free medium suitable for long-term passage of myoblasts and established a microcarrier serum-free culture system for myoblasts, which is expected to solve the problem of serum-free culture and large-scale expansion of myoblasts in cell culture meat production.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Carne in Vitro , Proliferación Celular , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula/métodos , Mioblastos , Diferenciación CelularRESUMEN
Persistent luminescence describes the phenomenon whereby luminescence remains after the stoppage of excitation. Recently, upconversion persistent luminescence (UCPL) phosphors that can be directly charged by near-infrared (NIR) light have gained considerable attention due to their promising applications ranging from photonics to biomedicine. However, current lanthanide-based UCPL phosphors show small absorption cross sections and low upconversion charging efficiency. The development of UCPL phosphors faces challenges due to the lack of flexible upconversion charging pathways and poor design flexibility. Herein, we discovered a lattice defect-mediated broadband photon upconversion process and the accompanying NIR-to-NIR UCPL in Cr-doped zinc gallate nanoparticles. The zinc gallate nanoparticles can be directly activated by broadband NIR light in the 700-1000 nm range to produce persistent luminescence at about 700 nm, which is also readily enhanced by rationally tailoring the lattice defects in the phosphors. This proposed UCPL phosphor achieved a signal-to-background ratio of over 200 in bioimaging by efficiently avoiding interference from autofluorescence and light scattering. Our work reported a lattice defect-mediated photon upconversion phenomenon, which significantly expands the horizons for the flexible design of UCPL phosphors toward broad applications ranging from bioimaging to photocatalysis.
RESUMEN
Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) have shown special advantages in areas such as bioimaging, cancer therapy, stress sensing, and photo-biocatalysis. However, the lack of methods for controllable synthesis of PLNPs with uniform morphologies and strong persistent luminescence has seriously hindered the applications of PLNPs. Herein, we reported that modifying the electronic structures of zinc gallogermanate (ZGGO) PLNPs by nonstoichiometric reactions can produce highly uniform nanocubes with controllable size and persistent luminescence. By nonstoichiometric increase of the Ge/Ga ratio in ZGGO, the ZGGO PLNPs were transformed from a mixture of nanocubes and small nanospheres into highly symmetrical and uniform large nanocubes, accompanied by the enhancement of persistent luminescence intensity by about 3.7 times. Moreover, we found that ZGGO PLNPs were responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), that is, the persistent luminescence of ZGGO can be quenched by ROS. Autofluorescence-free serum ROS detection was achieved with the developed PLNPs. Further, a biosensing assay for glucose oxidase (GOx) was designed based on the responsiveness of ZGGO PLNPs to H2O2. This study may pave a new way for better control of PLNPs' size, morphology, and persistent luminescence, and it can further promote the applications of PLNPs in areas ranging from theranostics to solar energy utilization.
Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas , Nanosferas , Luminiscencia , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Nanopartículas/químicaRESUMEN
NOx emission from the cement industry have received much attention. In order to reduce the NOx emission in cement kilns, nickel slag was used to prepare the non-ammonia denitrification material, and a denitrification mechanism was proposed in this study. The results showed that the denitrification material prepared at pH 7 exhibited the best denitrification performance. At low temperature, the highest denitrification performance was achieved between 200 and 300 °C with a NO decomposition rate of approximately 40%. Then, the NO decomposition rate increased as the temperature increased, reaching over 95% above 700 °C. The physicochemical characteristics showed that the material had the highest specific surface area and the highest relative Fe content, which benefited the denitrification performance. The divalent iron of the denitrification material was considered the active site for the reaction, and trivalent iron was not conducive to denitrification performance at a low temperature range. After the denitrification reaction, the Fe3+/Fe2+ increased from 0.89 to 1.31. The proposed denitrification mechanism was the redox process between divalent iron and trivalent iron. This study not only recycles industrial waste to reduce solid waste pollution but also efficiently removes nitrogen oxides from cement kilns without ammonia.
RESUMEN
Background: To investigate the expression of Th17, T lymphocyte immunoglobulin mucin 3 (TIM-3+) cells and their related cytokines in atrial fibrillation (AF) and their clinical significance. Methodology: A total of 90 patients with AF were divided into paroxysmal group (n=45) and chronic group (n=45), and 45 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. The proportion of Th17 cells and Tim-3 + cells in the peripheral blood were detected. The concentrations of related cytokines in peripheral blood serum were determined. The correlation between Th17 / Tim-3+ cells and related cytokines was analysed. Results: Compared with the control group, the proportion of Th17 cells and the concentration of related cytokines (IL-17, IL-6 and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP9)) in peripheral blood of patients with paroxysmal and chronic AF increased significantly, while the proportion of tim3 + cells and the concentration of related cytokines decreased significantly. Compared with the paroxysmal group, the proportion of Th17 cells and the concentration of related cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients in the chronic group increased significantly, while the proportion of tim3 + cells and the concentration of related cytokines decreased significantly. Conclusion: Th17 / Tim-3 + cell balance is involved in AF, and can be used as a target for AF treatment.