Laparoscopic-assisted pneumatic reduction of intussusception.

The nonoperative treatment of intussusception is done by fluoroscopy, however, false-positive and negative images may lead to unnecessary operations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopy in pneumatic reduction. Surgical ileoileocolic intussusception was performed in 27 dogs. Sixteen dogs were observed for 3 days (group A), and 11 were observed for 5 days (group B). Laparoscopy was performed in the intussuscepted dogs during pneumatic reduction. Under general anesthesia, a 10-mm trocar was inserted supraumblically in the midline, and the laparoscope was introduced. The intussuscepted bowel was observed on the video monitor. A 5-mm trocar was inserted in the right upper quadrant. The mesentery of the terminal ileum was manipulated using grasping forceps to assist reduction. CO2 was insufflated into the rectum using a Foley catheter, and the reduction was observed on the video monitor. The success rate was 94% (mean reduction time, 2.5 minutes +/- 1.0) for group A and 100% (mean reduction time, 3.7 minutes +/- 0.8) for group B. Bowel perforation was observed in one dog, and recurrence of intussusception in another. The authors claim that observing the bowel on the video monitor may help in the differential diagnosis and reduction of difficult cases such as ileoileocolic and delayed intussusceptions. Therefore, unnecessary open surgery may be prevented.

Concentrations of sulfadoxine and trimethoprim in plasma, lymph fluids and some tissues 24 h after intramuscular administration to Angora goats.

This study was carried out to determine the concentrations of sulfadoxine and trimethoprim in plasma, lymph, and some tissues in goats after administration of a single recommended therapeutic dose. Five healthy, adult Angora goats were used. The drug combination, containing 200 mg sulfadoxine and 40 mg trimethoprim per millilitre, was given as a single IM injection at the recommended dose level, 15 mg/kg body weight for sulfadoxine and 3 mg/kg body weight for trimethoprim. The goats were slaughtered 24 hours after drug administration and samples were taken from liver, bone marrow, pelvic limb muscles, hepatic, thoracic duct, and the pelvic limb lymph fluids for analysis of drug concentrations by HPLC. The concentrations of trimethoprim in bone marrow, liver, pelvic limb muscles, hepatic lymph, the pelvic limb lymph, and thoracic duct lymph were found to be 6, 5, 4, 2, 5 and 15 times higher than those of plasma, respectively. Although the sulfadoxine concentrations in bone marrow, pelvic limb muscles, and liver were 2, 3 and 2 times higher than the plasma concentrations, respectively, the sulfadoxine concentrations in hepatic lymph, the pelvic limb lymph, and thoracic duct lymph were lower than those of plasma. The results show that the trimethoprim concentrations in lymph fluids were quite similar to those in tissues. However, the sulfadoxine concentrations in lymph fluids were different in each tissue.

Reversed seromuscular gastrocystoplasty for bladder augmentation.

The aim of this study was to prevent the complications of gastrocystoplasty by using reversed seromuscular gastrocystoplasty for bladder augmentation. Healthy mongrel dogs were used in the study. A diamond shaped segment was separated from the remainder of the stomach preserving the right gastroepiploic artery in 11 dogs. The gastric mucosa was removed. A reversed seromuscular gastrocystoplasty was performed. The animals were observed for a mean of 7.7 months. Thereafter, relaparotomy was performed in all animals. A bladder stone was found in 1 dog. In the histopathological evaluation of the urinary bladder, it was seen that the gastric serosal surface was covered with the urothelium in all dogs. Transitional epithelial hyperplasia in 1 dog (12.5%) and squamous metaplasia in 2 dogs (25%) were identified. There were no statistical differences between preoperative and postoperative values of urine and blood pH and serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels. Complications of gastrocystoplasty such as hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis and hematuria and dysuria syndrome, are prevented by this procedure. The shrinkage of the gastric patch surface may also be prevented by facing the smooth gastric serosa to the internal surface of the urinary bladder.