SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS OF UKRAINIAN SCIENTIST IN DIAGNOSTICS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISEASES (LITERATURE REVIEW).

OBJECTIVE: The aim: A systematic analysis and generalization of scienti!c information of Ukrainian scientists about planning of the stages of diagnosis of patients with TMJ diseases, which will allow to optimize the commonly accepted examination algorithm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Scienti!c analysis and generalization of obtained data of literary sources of Ukrainian scientists articles with characteristics of planning stages of diagnosis of patients with TMJ diseases is based on such databases as Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, NCBI, the study of which does not exceed 6 years, including monographs and results clinical research. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results of scienti!c research by Ukrainian scientists are the basis for increasing the effectiveness of diagnosis of TMJ diseases by improving complex examination methods and implementing clinical algorithms, which will allow to choose adequate treatment methods.

Optimization of surgical-orthodontic treatment tactics in patients with impacted teeth.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Impacted teeth is complex anomaly of teeth eruption that requires a balanced approach not only in the differential diagnosis of its forms, but choice of rational methods of treatment. The aim: Optimization of the tactics of orthodontic-surgical treatment of patients with impacted teeth based on the development and implementation of computed tomographic indices (KT) and photometric indices (FM) of opening of surgical access (OSA) to crowns of impacted teeth. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods:The results of treatment of 48 patients with delay of permanent teeth eruption have been analyzed. For an objective assessment of treatment results, a group of 24 (aged from 9 to 19 years old ) was formed. All 24 patients had typical clinical situation. RESULTS: Results: Orthodontic correction of patients envisaged, first of all, the elimination of obstacles in the way of teeth eruption, if necessary to provide space in dental arch and simultaneous treatment of associated bite malocclusions. Surgical exposure of impacted tooth crown was carried out and at the same time a triangular shaped guiding channel was formed, base of channel was at the impacted tooth and its angle finished into the dental arch. Precise dimensions and depth of the channel were preliminary planed on computed tomography slices with 3D reconstruction. Mean values of CT width (7,13±0,54mm), and length (6,42±0,78mm) of OSA and CT index (130,79±8,19%) of OSA to impacted teeth crowns were determined. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: To improve the quality of diagnosis and optimization of methodological approaches to treatment of patients with teeth impaction, we have proposed CT and FM OSA indices to the crowns of impacted teeth. The developed indices serve as specific reference points for optimization of diagnostic process, for reducing of probability of repeated surgical interventions and choosing the optimal path for instrumental orthodontic treatment of patients with impacted teeth.

Analysis of electromyographic indexes of temporal and masticatory muscles in patients with distal occlusion complicated by dental crowding.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Rate of distal occlusion (up to 40%) and dental crowding (up to 65%) is the largest in the structure of orthodontic pathology. The aim of the study was to investigate bioelectrical activity of temporal and masticatory muscles and to set parameters of electromyographic indexes in patients with distal occlusion and dental crowding in permanent occlusion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Bioelectrical activity of temporal and masticatory muscles in 11 patients aged 16-24 years was determined before orthodontic treatment. Distal occlusion complicated by severe degree of dental crowding was revealed in this group of patients. These patients comprised the treatment group. The control group consisted of 10 subjects (mean age 21,3 ± 1,25 years) with physiological occlusion. RESULTS: Results: It was found that functional state of temporal and masticatory muscles in patients with distal occlusion complicated by dental crowding changes during permanent dentition. It was determined that in clenching state, according to ACTIV index, temporal muscles are more active, due to the lack of activity of masticatory muscles (ACTIV =-20,73% ± 8,01%). Moreover it is worthy of notice, that functional muscle symmetry (index SIM TА/MМ) at rest in presence of distal occlusion is lower than in subjects with physiological occlusion (p <0,05). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: According to index АCTIV TА/MМ it was established the dominance of temporal muscle activity due to lack of activity of masticatory muscles in patients with distal occlusion complicated by dental crowding and it was determined lower overall muscle symmetry index than in individuals with physiological occlusion.

Treatment algorithms of patients with impaction of maxillary central incisors caused by supernumerary teeth.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Supernumerary teeth, like etiological factor of impaction, occur in 7,05% of patients, are usually located in anterior maxillary region - 93,2%. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm of treatment of patients with impaction of permanent maxillary central incisors, caused by supernumerary teeth, during periods of mixed and permanent dentition by processing our own approaches to treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Treatment results of seven patients (6, 7 (2 patients), 8, 9, 10 and 15 years old) with delay in eruption of maxillary central incisors were analyzed. According to the results of clinical and additional examination methods (photometric examination of face, study of diagnostic models of jaws and orthopantomograms, 3D computed tomography), impacted central incisors, supernumerary teeth, blocking their eruption, were diagnosed. RESULTS: Results: Clinical experience of treatment of patients with impacted teeth caused by presence of supernumerary teeth in the jaws, allowed us to propose algorithms of providing complex treatment in such cases, depending on physiological state of occlusion - mixed or permanent, and depth of supernumerary tooth location. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: If there are no central incisors in the dental arch after the term of their physiological eruption, orthopantomogram must be taken to confirms or reject tooth impaction, and then 3D computed tomography should be done to show accurate localization of the tooth and only after these stages it is possible to choose the treatment plan. Patients with impacted maxillary central incisors caused by supernumerary teeth should undergo orthodontic treatment in several stages.

Electromyographic characteristic of orbicularis oris in patients with dental crowding in permanent occlusion.

INTRODUCTION: electromyographic indices were developed for complex analysis of functional condition of orbicularis oris. AIM: to study electromyographic indices of orbicularis oris in patients with dental crowding in permanent occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: thirty four patients with malocclusion and a severe degree of severity of dental crowding (15 males, 19 females, aged 16-29 years) who underwent orthodontic examination. The treatment group was divided into three: Group Ia comprised 11 subjects with mandibular crowding (mean age 19,27 ± 1,08 years); group Ib, 10 patients with maxillary dental crowding (mean age 20,10 ± 1,60 years) and group Ic, 13 subjects with both maxillary and mandibular crowding (mean age 20,15 ± 1,45 years). The control group consisted of 10 patients with malocclusions but without dental crowding (mean age 20,70 ± 1,32 years). The findings were compared with similar indices in subjects with normal occlusion (mean age 21,3 ± 1,25 years). The index of orbicularis oris activity (ACTIV,%) was determined for each patient. A Student's t-test was used to analyze statistical difference between different groups. RESULTS: patients having crowding of maxillary teeth showed greater activity of muscles of the upper lip during maximum voluntary clenching (АCTІV= -0,99±7,44%). Activity of the muscles of the lower lip in patients with crowding of mandibular teeth (АСTІV=20,52±4,22%) and crowding of maxillary and mandibular teeth (АСTІV=17,93±4,33%) is prevailing. CONCLUSIONS: аctivity of the orbicularis oris in patients with malocclusion, complicated by dental crowding depend on clinical localization of crowding.

Electromyographic characteristic of orbicularis oris in patients with dental crowding in permanent occlusion.

INTRODUCTION: electromyographic indices were developed for complex analysis of functional condition of orbicularis oris. AIM: to study electromyographic indices of orbicularis oris in patients with dental crowding in permanent occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: thirty four patients with malocclusion and a severe degree of severity of dental crowding (15 males, 19 females, aged 16-29 years) who underwent orthodontic examination. The treatment group was divided into three: Group Ia comprised 11 subjects with mandibular crowding (mean age 19,27 ± 1,08 years); group Ib, 10 patients with maxillary dental crowding (mean age 20,10 ± 1,60 years) and group Ic, 13 subjects with both maxillary and mandibular crowding (mean age 20,15 ± 1,45 years). The control group consisted of 10 patients with malocclusions but without dental crowding (mean age 20,70 ± 1,32 years). The findings were compared with similar indices in subjects with normal occlusion (mean age 21,3 ± 1,25 years). The index of orbicularis oris activity (ACTIV,%) was determined for each patient. A Student's t-test was used to analyze statistical difference between different groups. RESULTS: patients having crowding of maxillary teeth showed greater activity of muscles of the upper lip during maximum voluntary clenching (АCTІV= -0,99±7,44%). Activity of the muscles of the lower lip in patients with crowding of mandibular teeth (АСTІV=20,52±4,22%) and crowding of maxillary and mandibular teeth (АСTІV=17,93±4,33%) is prevailing. CONCLUSIONS: аctivity of the orbicularis oris in patients with malocclusion, complicated by dental crowding depend on clinical localization of crowding.