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1.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol ; 109(1): 14-9, 2012 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22727152

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To review the available evidence linking stress to asthma and to investigate whether mast cells contribute to the effect of stress through activation by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). DATA SOURCE: The PubMed database was searched for articles (1998-2011) using the keywords anxiety, asthma, exacerbation, inflammation, mast cells, socioeconomic status, stress, violence, and worsening. STUDY SELECTION: Articles were selected based on their relevance to the topic, with emphasis on clinical or epidemiologic data linking stress to asthma and studies that offered possible explanations for how stress may affect asthma. RESULTS: Many articles point to an association between stress (socioeconomic status, interpersonal conflicts, emotional distress, terrorism) and asthma exacerbations but without any distinct pathogenetic mechanism. A few articles have reported reduced circulating cortisol and/or sensitivity to corticosteroids. We propose that mast cells, known to be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma, can be activated by CRH, which is secreted under stress in the lungs, leading to selective release of proinflammatory mediators. This effect may be augmented by neuropeptides or cytokines. CRH also reduces T-regulatory cell production of interleukin 10, which in known to inhibit allergic mast cell activation. CONCLUSION: More studies are required to investigate lung levels of CRH and selective mast cell mediators. Reducing stress and using CRH receptor antagonists and/or mast cell blockers may serve as possible new therapeutic approaches for asthma.


Asunto(s)
Asma/inmunología , Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/inmunología , Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/metabolismo , Mastocitos/inmunología , Estrés Psicológico/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Asma/etiología , Asma/terapia , Niño , Preescolar , Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/inmunología , Interleucina-10/inmunología , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Pulmón/química , Masculino , Mastocitos/metabolismo , Neuropéptidos/inmunología , Neuropéptidos/metabolismo , Receptores de Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunología , Linfocitos T Reguladores/metabolismo
2.
Mol Clin Oncol ; 9(3): 339-341, 2018 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30155257

RESUMEN

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer types, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The present study reported two cases of metastatic prostate cancer presenting with newly diagnosed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). To the best of our knowledge, prostate cancer leading to MGUS has not been documented previously. MGUS is generally thought to be benign and has been demonstrated to convert into multiple myeloma (MM), as well as other lymphoproliferative disorders. Due to the high mortality rate associated with MM, further studies are required to confirm and clarify the association between prostate cancer and MGUS. Additionally, patients can be counseled on the requirement for follow up studies following a diagnosis of prostate cancer.

3.
Infect Dis Rep ; 8(1): 5963, 2016 Mar 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27103971

RESUMEN

Actinomyces israelii is a branching anaerobic bacilli microorganism that can be identified as normal flora throughout various portions of the human alimentary canal. It is crucial to establish a diagnosis as treatment will vary depending on the clinical form of the disease. We report a case of a 78-year-old man who initially presented with an acute onset of respiratory distress displayed contrast leakage on computed tomography from the site of a previously inserted esophageal stent for an unsuccessful surgical repair of an esophageal rupture. In addition to the contrast leakage, the presence of a bronchopulmonary fistula imaging prompted the need for further investigation. Our patient was empirically treated with antibiotics and obtained blood cultures, which returned positive A. israelii.

4.
Clin Case Rep ; 4(2): 192-4, 2016 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26862421

RESUMEN

Headache is one of the most common clinical entities, and has a long list of differential diagnoses; however, one of the more uncommon causes of postural headache is spontaneous intracranial hypotension. It is important that clinicians be aware of this condition, as it is often overlooked, leading to invasive and unnecessary diagnostic testing. A good history and physical exam, paired with an MRI of the brain is sufficient to make the diagnosis of SIH, relieve the symptomology of the patient in a quick and efficient manner, and avoid costly invasive procedures.

5.
World J Oncol ; 6(1): 308-310, 2015 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29147422

RESUMEN

Anal melanoma is an aggressive but rare malignancy. Patients commonly present with very advanced or even metastatic disease. Risk factors for anal melanoma are family history and an activating mutation of C-KIT. Surgical excision remains the mainstay of therapy. The presence of activating mutations of C-KIT has prompted use of C-KIT inhibitors such as imatinib and sunitini. Early diagnosis and treatment remain crucial. Abdominal perineal resection (APR) offers a higher rate of local control whereas wide local excision (WLE) can yield superior long-term survival.

6.
J Glob Infect Dis ; 7(4): 170-2, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26752872

RESUMEN

The presence of an aortoenteric fistula following aortobifemoral graft repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a high probability of infection leading to clinically significant bacteremia. We report a case of an aortoenteric fistula that developed two years after initial aortic grafting resulting in colonization with the anaerobe, Eggerthella lenta. This dangerous bacterium is difficult to culture, associated with high mortality and the patient may have mild symptoms on presentation.

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