Evaluation of Healthy Eating Index and Children's Diet Inflammatory Index according to asthma severity group.

BACKGROUND: Diet may contribute to better asthma control in children by impacting the immune and inflammatory pathophysiology. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate differences in nutrient intake, Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII), and dietary quality according to asthma severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Asthma severity, dietary inflammatory status, and diet quality were assessed in a sample of 202 children with asthma (55.6% males, aged 5-18 years) attending a pediatric allergy outpatient clinic. Asthma severity was evaluated according to the Global Initiative for Asthma criteria and categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. The Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) were calculated based on information collected by the 24-h dietary recall method. Dietary quality was categorized as poor, moderate, or good diet according to HEI-2010. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 9.6 ± 3.2 years. Children with severe asthma were younger on average (p < 0.05). Children with mild asthma had significantly higher fiber and iron intake than those with moderate asthma (p < 0.05). C-DII values did not differ significantly according to asthma severity (p > 0.05). Dietary quality was evaluated as moderate in 89.1% of the participants and also showed no difference based on asthma severity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that inflammatory status and diet quality may not affect asthma severity in children, highlighting the influence of various genetic and environmental factors on the association between diet and asthma severity. More comprehensive and longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms linking diet and asthma.

Emotional eating mediates the relationship between perceived stress and body appreciation in adult male and female: A cross-sectional study in Turkey.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adults' perceived stress, emotional eating, and body appreciation. The Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EES), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) were completed by 710 adult participants. Emotional eating was found to be adversely related to body appreciation in both female (=-0.232, p: <.001) and male (ß = -0.180, p < .05). The study's findings highlighted the harmful impacts of perceived stress and emotional eating on the range of body appreciation. This finding shows that stress and emotion management should be considered in the context of adult body appreciation practices.

Validity and reliability of Turkish version of the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for adult participants.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ-TR) for adults. DESIGN: Hunot et al. (2016) developed the original questionnaire, which was modified and translated into Turkish. On data collected from adults, construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson's and Cronbach's correlation coefficients were used to evaluate reliability and validity (P < 0·05). SETTING: This research was carried out in Ankara, Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 311 adults from Ankara (148 men and 163 women) took part in the study. Seventy-two of these adults take the retest. RESULTS: In the present study, 311 adults with a mean age of 29·3 ± 11·3 years participated. Factor loadings ranged from 0·404 to 0·907. In general, food approach and food avoidance scales showed a positive correlation within themselves. According to the results of confirmatory factor analysis and goodness-of-fit indicators, the seven-factor model showed a better model fit in the Turkish data (chi-square/degrees of freedom = 2·137, root mean error of approximation: 0·061, comparative fit index: 0·884, and normed fit index: 0·850). Higher BMI was associated with higher Emotional Over-eating, higher Enjoyment of the Food, lower Food Satiety and lower Emotional Under-eating. CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish AEBQ is a valid and reliable tool for 20- to 65-year adults to determine appetitive properties related to the aetiology of weight change and especially obesity risk. Besides, AEBQ testing is required for validation in early and late adulthood.

Is Propolis a Potential Anti-Obesogenic Agent for Obesity?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Propolis is a bee product that has been used for thousands of years. The chemical composition and biological activity of propolis, which has been investigated in the twentieth century, may vary according to location. Propolis polyphenols can induce thermogenesis in brown and beige fat tissue via the uncoupled protein-1 and creatinine kinase metabolic pathways. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the structural and biological properties of propolis and provides insights into their promising potential strategies in body weight management. RECENT FINDINGS: By raising overall energy expenditure, it might lead to body weight management. Furthermore, the phenolic components artepillin C, quercetin, catechin, and chlorogenic acid found in its composition may have anti-obesogenic effect by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, enhancing browning in white adipose tissue, and triggering AMP-activated protein kinase activation and mitochondrial biogenesis. Propolis, a natural product, is effective in preventing obesity which is a contemporary pandemic.

Effects of backward walking training on balance, gait, and functional mobility in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Backward walking training (BWT) can have a positive effect on balance, gait, and functional mobility in neurological diseases; however, the effectiveness of BWT has not been examined in multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effects of BWT on balance, gait, and functional mobility in people with MS (PwMS). METHOD: Nineteen PwMS were randomly allocated to either the experimental group (n=10) and the control group (n=9). The experimental group received BWT in addition to conventional walking training (CWT) while the control group only received CWT. Both groups performed training three times a week for 8 weeks. Participants were assessed with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), four square step test (FSST), activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC), timed 25-foot walk test (T25FW), dynamic gait index (DGI), 3-meter backward walk test (3MBWT), Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12), and timed up and go test (TUG) before and after training. RESULTS: After training, both groups showed significant improvements on the T25FW, and TUG (p<0.05) while only the experimental group showed significant improvements on the BBS, FSST, ABC, DGI, 3MBWT, and MSWS-12 (p<0.05). The experimental group significantly improved more than the control group in all outcomes (p<0.05) except for the T25FW (p=0.202). CONCLUSION: BWT in addition to CWT is an effective way to improve balance, gait, and functional mobility for PwMS. These results suggest that BWT may be a potentially useful treatment approach when added to CWT in the rehabilitation of MS.

Comparison of dual-task costs during different types of walking in people with Parkinson's disease: a controlled study.

INTRODUCTION: Many of the activities in daily living require different walking skills such as straight walking (SW), walking with turning (WwT), curved walking (CW) or backward walking (BW) in a dual-task condition. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the dual task cost (DTC) during different types of walking. Therefore, this study was planned to compare the DTC during different types of walking in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) and healthy controls. METHODS: Thirty-one PwPD and 31 healthy controls were included. Different types of walking were assessed using the 10-Meter Walk Test for SW, the Timed Up and Go Test for WwT, the Figure-of-Eight Walk Test for CW, and the Three-Meter Backward Walk Test for BW. Walking assessments were performed in a single-task and a dual-task condition. RESULTS: The DTC on SW was the lowest in both groups. The DTC on WwT, BW, and CW were similar in healthy controls, whereas the order of the DTC on remaining walking types from lowest to highest was; WwT, BW, and CW in PwPD. Also, the DTC on WwT, BW, and CW were higher in PwPD than healthy controls. However, the DTC on SW was similar in PwPD and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: The DTC is different during SW, WwT, BW, and CW in PwPD. Therefore, walking type should be considered in studies investigating dual task walking in PwPD. Also, dual task exercises consisting of different types of walking should be included in rehabilitation programs of PwPD.

The reliability and validity of the 3-m backward walk test in people with Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: People with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) lose the ability in backward walking which is an important part of mobility in daily life. The 3-m backward walk test (3MBWT) evaluates backward walking; however, its reliability and validity have not been examined in PwPD yet. AIMS: To examine (1) the test-retest reliability of the 3MBWT in PwPD; (2) the minimum detectable change in the 3MBWT times; (3) the concurrent and known-groups validity of the 3MBWT; and (4) the optimum cutoff time which best discriminates fallers from non-fallers with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 36 PwPD and 33 healthy people. The 3MBWT was conducted with the 10-m walk test, timed up and go test, Berg Balance Scale, four square step test, activity-specific balance confidence scale, Movement Disorders Society Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and Hoehn and Yahr Scale. RESULTS: The 3MBWT demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.965). The MDC of 2.13 s was determined. The 3MBWT had moderate to high correlations with the other outcome measures (correlation coefficient ranged from -0.592 to 0.858). On the 3MBWT times, there were significant differences between PwPD and healthy people, and between fallers and non-fallers with PD (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). A 3MBWT time of 10.31 s was found to best discriminate fallers from non-fallers with PD. CONCLUSIONS: The 3MBWT is a reliable, valid, and easy to administer outcome measure to assess backward walking performance in PwPD, indicating it to be used in practice and research.