Rural Latino health and the built environment: a systematic review.

Objective: This study systematically reviewed literature examining the influence of the rural built environment on Latinos' health outcomes and behaviour in the United States. A secondary aim of the study was to identify strategies developed to address challenges in the rural built environment affecting Latinos' health.Design: This study followed the reporting guidelines set forth by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Articles included in the final analysis clearly linked Latino health outcomes to characteristics of the rural built environment.Results: Of the nearly 2,500 articles identified in the initial search, the final review included approximately 146 full-text sources. The majority of the articles focused on aspects of Latinos' physical (n = 68), behavioural (n = 43), and mental health (n = 23).Conclusions: Rural Latino neighbourhoods in the United States possess limited access to health care, internet, transportation, and recreation infrastructure, which negatively impacts health outcomes and behaviours. Strategies developed to mitigate these issues include but are not limited to: the use of telecommunications to distribute health information; the use of community health workers and mobile clinics to increase awareness and availability of select health services; the use of worksite trainings and adaptations to the workplace; and the promotion of safety net programmes, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). This review supports the need for a more robust research agenda documenting the health experiences of rural Latinos of various nationalities, age groups, and genders.

Arsenate removal from aqueous solution by montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite magnetic materials.

Magnetic-clay (MtMag) and magnetic-organoclay (O100MtMag) nanocomposites were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for arsenic adsorption. Batch arsenic adsorption experiments were performed varying pH conditions and initial As(V) concentration, while successive adsorption cycles were made in order to evaluate the materials reuse. The highest As(V) removal efficiency (9 ± 1 mg g-1 and 7.8 ± 0.8 mg g-1 for MtMag and O100MtMag, respectively) was found at pH 4.0, decreasing at neutral and alkaline conditions. From As(V) adsorption isotherm, two adsorption processes or two different surface sites were distinguished. Nanocomposites resulted composed by montmorillonite or organo-montmorillonite and magnetite as the principal iron oxide, with saturation magnetization of 8.5 ± 0.5 Am2 Kg-1 (MtMag) and 20.3 ± 0.5 Am2 Kg-1 (O100MtMag). Thus, both materials could be separated and recovered from aqueous solutions using external magnetic fields. Both materials allowed achieving arsenic concentrations lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended concentration limit after two consecutive adsorption cycles (2.25 and 4.5 µg L-1 for MtMag and O100MtMag, respectively).

Norfloxacin adsorption on montmorillonite and carbon/montmorillonite hybrids: pH effects on the adsorption mechanism, and column assays.

The presence of norfloxacin antibiotic (NFX) in drinking water raises significant scientific concern due to the health and environmental problems that may cause. This study aimed to evaluate the NFX removal: 1) in batch adsorption at different pH values on montmorillonite (M) and montmorillonite-carbon hybrids (M-HC); 2) in continuous columns experiments, to assess the technological application of these hybrids as domestic filters, using one M-HC as adsorbent material ranging from 1% to 5%. Batch experiments showed that adsorption occurred in all the samples, being M the material with the highest adsorption capacity (95% of adsorption for cationic NFX). For the M-HC the adsorption seemed to be not strongly dependent of the pH (20%- 41% of adsorption). The characterization of adsorbents and NFX adsorption products (FTIR, XRD, and zeta potential analysis) disclosed that adsorption occurs at both the external surface and the interlayer space of M. For the M-HC synthesized without activation, the interlayer space seemed to be predominantly responsible; while for the activated M-HC the adsorption occurred at the external surface (its interlayer was destroyed). The column experiments revealed that the best adsorption capacity and highest flow were attained using 1% of adsorbent material in the column packing.

Adsorption and characterization of MCPA on DDTMA- and raw-montmorillonite: Surface sites involved.

The 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy acid (MCPA) is an herbicide widely used in agriculture, which generates a great concern about contamination of surface water and serious consequences for human health and the environment. In this work, the adsorption of MCPA on an Argentine montmorillonite (MMT) and its organo-montmorillonite product (OMMT) with different dodecyl trimethyl ammonium loading was investigated. MCPA adsorption on OMMT increases at least 3 times, with respect to the amount determined for MMT. X-ray diffraction and zeta potential analyses indicated the inner (interlayer) and outer surface participate as adsorption sites. Changes in surface electric charge and also interlayer expansion suggest that dimethyl amine (MCPA counterion) was also surface-adsorbed. The larger aggregates of OMMT, without and with MCPA, obtained compared to those of MMT samples, generate an improvement in the coagulation efficiency. This property, particularly after MCPA retention, allows an easier separation of the solids from the solution and enables a simple technological process application.

Development and characterization of functional O/W emulsions with chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) by-products.

The present work investigated the physicochemical properties of O/W emulsions containing functional ingredients (oil with high ω-3 fatty acid content, protein and/or soluble fiber) from chia seeds. The effect of different protein-carbohydrate combinations (sodium caseinate and lactose, sodium caseinate and maltodextrin, chia protein-rich fraction and maltodextrin) and the presence of chia mucilage (0 and 0.2 % wt/wt) in the aqueous phase of chia O/W emulsions was studied as a function of droplet size distribution, Sauter mean diameter, ζ-potential, rheological properties and backscattering profiles. The use of sodium caseinate in combination with lactose or maltodextrin produced chia O/W emulsions with small droplet size (0.22-0.27 µm), high degree of uniformity in droplet size distribution, negatively charged droplets (at pH 6.5), pseudoplastic behavior and high physical stability. Emulsions with chia protein-rich fraction presented wider droplet size distribution and higher D[3,2] values than the previous ones, recording a Newtonian behavior. The addition of chia mucilage affected the physicochemical properties studied, mainly the rheological characteristics of emulsions.

Social Determinants of Health and College Food Insecurity.

In recent years, many students have faced economic hardship and experienced food insecurity, even as universities strive to create more equitable pathways to college. There is a need for a more holistic perspective that addresses the complexity of food insecurity amongst college students. To this end, we examined the relationship between the social determinants of health, including college food insecurity (CoFI) and childhood food insecurity (ChFI), and their relationship with well-being measures. The study sample was a convenience sample that included 372 students at a public university who responded to an online survey in fall 2021. Students were asked to report their food security status in the previous 30 days. We used the following analytical strategies: chi-square tests to determine differences between food secure (FS) and food insecure (FI) students; binary logistic regression of CoFI on student demographics and ChFI; and ordinal or binary logistic regression for well-being measures. Black students, off-campus students, first-generation students, in-state students, and humanities/behavioral/social/health sciences majors were more likely to report CoFI. FI students were more likely to have experienced ChFI and to have lower scores on all well-being measures. ChFI was associated with four well-being measures and its effects were mediated by CoFI. College student health initiatives would benefit from accounting for SDOH, including ChFI experiences and its subsequent cumulative disadvantages experienced during college.

Irregularly calcified eggs and eggshells of Caiman latirostris (Alligatoridae: Crocodylia).

We describe irregularly calcified egg and eggshell morphologies for the first time in nests of the broad-snouted caiman, Caiman latirostris. Research is based on detailed descriptions of 270 eggs from a total sample of 46,800 collected between 2005 and 2011 in Santa Fe Province, Argentina, and encompasses animals from both natural habitats and held in captivity. We discuss possible reasons for the occurrence of eggs with different mineralisation patterns in our extensive C. latirostris field sample and its conservation significance; the chemistry of egg laying in amniotes is sensitive to environmental contamination which, in turn, has biological implications. Based on our egg sample, we identify two caiman eggshell abnormalities: (1) regularly calcified eggs with either calcitic nodules or superficial wrinkles at one egg end and (2) irregularly calcified eggs with structural gaps that weaken the shell. Some recently laid clutches we examined included eggs with most of the shell broken and detached from the flexible membrane. Most type 1 regularly calcified eggs lost their initial calcified nodules during incubation, suggesting that these deposits do not affect embryo survival rates. In contrast, irregularly calcified caiman eggs have a mean hatching success rate of 8.9% (range 0-38%) across our sample compared to a mean normal success of 75%. Most irregularly calcified caiman eggs probably die because of infections caused by fungi and bacteria in the organic nest material, although another possible explanation that merits further investigation could be an increase in permeability, leading to embryo dehydration.

The effects of green space on college students' mood.

Objective: Less attention has been given to how green space can impact college students' moods. This study aimed to examine whether university students exposed to outdoor and indoor green space-natural and artificial would experience a change in moods compared to students not exposed to green space. Method: Seventy-nine participants were randomly assigned to four different conditions: office without greenery, office with posters of nature, office with green plants, and outside in a garden. The Brunel Mood Scale was used to assess participants' moods before and after spending time in their assigned setting. Results: Results indicated that all participants experienced a decline in tension and fatigue regardless of their assigned setting, yet the decline was less pronounced among participants in the office without greenery. Conclusion: Study findings highlight indoor green space is also conducive to positive moods. Thus, in addition to protecting outside greenery, universities may invest in indoor greenery (e.g., indoor plants, posters/artwork featuring nature) that can be placed in classrooms, libraries, dormitories, and other spaces frequented by students.

Use of carbon from the agricultural industry for the synthesis of catalysts destined to oxyanions removal from water.

Remediation of water contaminated with oxyanions is of great importance due to the toxicity and environmental persistence of these chemical species. The present work describes the elimination of different oxyanions in water using catalysts supported on active carbon obtained from an agricultural residue (peanut shells, CPeanut) and active commercial carbon (CCom) in order to compare their structural and catalytic properties. The synthesized CPeanut and CCom were fully characterized by surface analysis, TGA, TPR, SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and TEM. It was observed that CPeanut presented similar superficial characteristics to CCom, being an adequate support to synthesize catalysts. With both carbons, catalysts based on Cu, Pd, and PdCu were prepared and evaluated in the elimination of NO3-, NO2-, and BrO3- from water using H2 as a reducing agent. The bimetallic catalysts prepared on both supports were active in the oxyanions reduction, obtaining good selectivities to the products of interest. In this sense, this work presents a potential re-use of agricultural wastes by preparing activated carbon from peanut shell residues in order to reduce the waste volume generated. In addition, the material synthetized is low cost due to its large-scale production and great availability in Argentina. The carbon obtained from the peanut shells provides a potential application in the environmental remediation of water contaminated with oxyanions.

"Intracascaral space" an eggshell structure of Caiman latirostris eggs.

In recent decades, eggshells of eggs from large-bodied reptiles have been studied by many researchers, to describe the eggshell, to compare them to extinct lineages that once inhabited our planet and also to understand how the egg provides the embryo specific conditions during incubation. In previous studies we described and characterized normal and pathologic Caiman latirostris eggshells; we also evaluated how the eggshell changes during incubation. In a study relating temperature variation and eggshell structures of successful eggs, we observed empty structures not previously described that we termed "intracascaral space". The aim of this study is to describe this structure of C. latirostris eggshells. We hypothesize about the possible functions which it would perform during incubation and for development of the embryos.

Antimicrobial activities of bacterial cellulose - Silver montmorillonite nanocomposites for wound healing.

A nanocomposite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) containing montmorillonite (MMT) modified with silver (BC-MMT-Ag) was developed to be used as potential scaffold for wound healing. Montmorillonite was suspended in silver nitrate solution to incorporate silver in the matrix by ion exchange. The derivative silver clay suspension was used to modify bacterial cellulose membranes by ex situ technique. The BC nanocomposite was analyzed by thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and electron dispersion spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and rehydration capacity. The antimicrobial activity of the silver montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite was challenged in cultures of Gram(+) Staphylococcus aureus and Gram(-) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and showed inhibition of growth in agar plates and biofilm formation as revealed by live-dead assay. Cytotoxicity of BC nanocomposites containing 1% to 25% of MMT-Ag showed good in vitro biocompatibility with L929 fibroblast cells.

One Agency's Contribution to Creating a Culture of Health in a Latinx Community.

The Robert Wood Johnson Foundations' Culture of Health represents a national call to ensure everyone living in the United States can have a healthy life. This article discusses how organizations outside of the health care sector can participate in creating a Culture of Health by using a nonprofit organization (Little Village Environmental Justice Organization) as an example. The organization's role in policy creation concerning cross-sector partnerships and governance to create equitable communities was of primary importance to this article. The example presented has important public health implications, particularly as it relates to promoting healthy outcomes among urban Latinx community members.

A mixed vertebrate eggshell assemblage from the Transylvanian Late Cretaceous.

A Late Cretaceous-aged multi-taxon nesting site from Romania preserved in three dimensions reveals the earliest example of nest site sharing yet known from the vertebrate fossil record. Eggshell and osteological evidence combined in this single accumulation demonstrate that at least four vertebrate taxa including enantiornithine birds and another avian of indeterminate affinities as well as crocodylomorphs and gekkotan squamates nested together in the same place. Colonial nesting in enantiornithines was previously described from this site; here, we present the first fossil evidence that other vertebrates also nested in the same place, perhaps exploiting the presence of the large bird colony. We describe four distinct eggshell morphotypes that have been collected from this site and draw palaeoecological inferences based on this unique multi-taxon nesting association.

Vigilancia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 en un hospital pediátrico / Surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 infection in a pediatric hospital / Vigilância da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 em um hospital pediátrico

Introducción: a partir de enero de 2020, cuando la OMS declaró la infección por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 como una emergencia de interés internacional, en los centros de atención pediátrica se comenzaron a implementar protocolos de actuación y actividades con miras a la preparación y contención de la pandemia. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la vigilancia hospitalaria y las características epidemiológicas-clínicas de niños y adolescentes con infección por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 en el período comprendido entre 1/4/2020 y 30/4/2021 en un hospital pediátrico. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo. Período considerado 1/4/2020-30/4/2021. Se incluyeron todos los niños y adolescentes menores de 16 años con diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 por test de PCR y captados por el Comité de Infecciones Hospitalarias (CIH) y la Unidad de Epidemiología e Infectología Pediátrica. Se realizó PCR para SARS-CoV-2 a todos los usuarios internados, a los incluidos en la vigilancia IRAG según definición de caso, y a niños y adolescentes con internaciones prolongadas cada 10 días. Fuente de datos: vigilancia activa establecida por el CIH, historias clínicas, laboratorio. Variables: sexo, edad, motivo de testeo, comorbilidad, contacto, presentación clínica, evolución, brotes hospitalarios. Análisis estadístico: distribución de frecuencias y medidas de resumen. Consideraciones éticas: se garantizó el anonimato en todo el proceso de análisis y comunicación. Resultados: en el período considerado se realizaron 10.645 test de PCR. Se identificaron 53 casos positivos, 7 (13, 2%) correspondieron a 2020 (noviembre y diciembre), 46 (86,8%) a 2021 (enero a abril), 30 (56,6%) de sexo femenino. Edad: 23 (43,4%) fueron menores de 1 año. Mediana 2,5 años. 13 pacientes presentaban comorbilidades (24,5%). En 30 casos (56,6%) el motivo del test fue la presencia de síntomas compatibles, mientras que 22 (41,5%) se encontraban asintomáticos. En 40 casos (75%) se identificó contacto conviviente como fuente de contagio. Permanecieron internados 39 casos, 5 requirieron CTI. 14 casos se asistieron en forma ambulatoria. Ninguno falleció. Se identificó un único brote de transmisión intrahospitalaria con tres usuarios en este período, que se controló en forma rápida. No se constataron contagios de usuarios a personal de salud en el período considerado. Conclusiones: las estrategias de vigilancia y control hospitalario han permitido identificar en forma oportuna los casos de COVID-19 y controlar la transmisión. Los casos crecieron en forma exponencial en consonancia con la situación epidemiológica nacional en el período considerado.

Introduction: as of January 2020, when the WHO declared the SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 infection as a global health emergency, action protocols and activities began to be implemented in pediatric care centers with the purpose preparing and containing the pandemic. Objective: describe the results of hospital surveillance and the epidemiological-clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with a SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 infection between 4/1/2020 and 4/30/2021 in a pediatric hospital. Material and methods: a retrospective descriptive observational study was carried out. Period: 4/1/2020-4/30/2021. All children and adolescents under 16 years of age with diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 infection by PCR test and assisted by the In-Hospital Infectious Diseases Center (CIH) and by the Pediatric Epidemiology and Infectiology Unit. A PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 was performed to all hospitalized users and to those included in SARI surveillance as defined for this case, and to children and adolescents with prolonged hospitalizations every 10 days. Data source: active surveillance established by the CIH, medical records, laboratory data. Variables: sex, age, reason for testing, comorbidities, contact, clinical presentation, evolution, hospital outbreaks. Statistical Analysis: frequency distribution and summary measures. Ethical considerations: anonymity throughout the analysis and communication process. Results: in the period analyzed, 10,645 PCR tests were performed. 53 cases were identified as positive, 7 (13.2%) were in 2020 (November and December), 46 (86.8%) in 2021 (January to April), 30 (56.6%) were female. Age: 23 (43.4%) were under 1 year of age. Median 2.5 years. 13 patients had comorbidities (24.5%). In 30 cases (56.6%), the reason for the test was the presence of compatible symptoms, while 22 (41.5%) were asymptomatic. In 40 cases (75%), we identified a home contact as a source of contagion. 39 cases remained hospitalized, 5 required ICU. 14 cases were assisted on an outpatient basis. None died. A single case was caused by an outbreak of nosocomial transmission involving three users in this period, which was controlled timely. No infections were recorded from users to health staff in the period analyzed. Conclusions: hospital surveillance and control strategies have enabled us to identify cases of COVID-19 in a timely manner and control transmission. Cases grew exponentially in line with the national epidemiological situation in the period analyzed.

Introdução: a partir de janeiro de 2020, quando a OMS declarou a infecção por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 como emergência de interesse internacional, começaram a ser implementados protocolos de ação e atividades nos centros de atendimento pediátrico com vistas à preparação e contenção da pandemia. Objetivo: descrever os resultados da vigilância hospitalar e as características epidemiológicas-clínicas de crianças e adolescentes com infecção por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 entre 01/04/2020 e 30/04/2021 em um hospital pediátrico. Material e métodos: foi realizado um estudo observacional descritivo retrospectivo. O período considerado foi de 01/04/2020 a 30/04/2021. Participaram todas as crianças e adolescentes com menos de 16 anos de idade com diagnóstico da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 por teste de PCR assistidas no Centro de Infectologia Hospitalar (CIH) e Unidade de Epidemiologia e Infectologia Pediátrica. O Teste PCR foi realizado para SARS-CoV-2 para todos os usuários hospitalizados, para aqueles incluídos na vigilância de SARI, conforme definido para o caso, e para crianças e adolescentes com internações prolongadas a cada 10 dias. Fonte de dados: vigilância ativa estabelecida pelo CIH, prontuário, laboratório. Variáveis: sexo, idade, motivo do teste, comorbidade, contato, apresentação clínica, evolução, surtos hospitalares. Análise estatística: distribuição de frequência e medidas sumárias. Considerações éticas: anonimato durante todo o processo de análise e comunicação. Resultados: no período considerado, foram realizados 10.645 testes de PCR. 53 casos foram identificados positivos, 7 (13,2%) corresponderam a 2020 (novembro e dezembro), 46 (86,8%) a 2021 (janeiro a abril), 30 (56,6%) eram do sexo feminino. Idade: 23 (43,4%) eram menores de 1 ano. Média 2,5 anos. 13 pacientes apresentavam comorbidades (24,5%). Em 30 casos (56,6%) o motivo do exame foi a presença de sintomas compatíveis, enquanto 22 (41,5%) foram assintomáticos. Em 40 casos (75%) o contato foi identificado como fonte de contágio. 39 casos permaneceram internados, 5 foram internados na UTI. 14 casos foram atendidos ambulatorialmente. Nenhum morreu. Um único caso foi causado por transmissão hospitalar envolvendo a três usuários neste período, ele foi controlado rapidamente. Não foram encontradas infecções de usuários para profissionais de saúde no período considerado. Conclusões: as estratégias de vigilância e controle hospitalares permitiram identificar casos de COVID-19 em tempo hábil e controle da transmissão. Os casos cresceram exponencialmente de acordo com a situação epidemiológica nacional no período considerado.

Mastitis granulomatosa idiopática. Características clínicas, imagenológicas, patológicas y su correlación con la respuesta al tratamiento - Hospital Dr. Cosme Argerich / Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: clinical, imagenological, pathological characteristics and their correlation with treatment response

Introducción: La mastitis granulomatosa idiopática (MGI) es una patología inflamatoria benigna que se presenta típicamente como tumoración dolorosa. Recientemente, un subconjunto con patrón histológico neutrofilico quístico (MGNQ) fue asociado al corynebacterium. Objetivo: Revisión bibliográfica y evaluación de nuestra casuística. Material y método: Se seleccionaron 24 mujeres con MGI diagnosticada entre 2000-2019. Variables analizadas: demográficas, antecedentes, clínica, imágenes, cultivos, patología, tratamientos y evolución. Resultados: Edad media: 40.7 años. 50% tuvo ≥4 gestas y 91.6% lactó. Presentación clínica: Tumor abscedado palpable 58.33%, Palpable asintomático 25%, Palpable doloroso 12.5%. Lesión no palpable 4.17%. Tamaño promedio de lesión: 3.5 cm. Imágenes BIRADS 4/5: 87.5% Cultivo de corynebacterium 25%. Patología: Polimorfonucleares intraductales (PMNID) 62.5%, Vacuolas quísticas 50% (2 casos con baci- los). Tratamiento: Antibióticoterapia 79.1%, Inmunosupresión 79.1%, Drenaje de abscesos 45.8%. Tumorectomía 41.6%. Tiempo de resolución: 5.5 meses Tiempo libre de enfermedad: 33.6 meses. Recurrencias: 31.%. Conclusiones: Debe sospecharse en toda mujer joven con tumor mamario asociado a abscesos, fistulas y/o úlceras. El diagnóstico de MGNQ y PM- NID tienen asociación estadísticamente significativa con recurrencia. Es esencial el abordaje multidisciplinario y el tratamiento multimodal

Introduction: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign inflammatory disease that typically presents as a painful mass. Recently, a subset with cystic neutrophilic histological pattern (CNGM) was related to corynebacterium. Objetive: Bibliographic review and evaluation of our casuistry. Material and method: During 2000-2019, 24 women diagnosed with IGM were selected. Variables analyzed: Demographic, background, clinical, images, cultures, pathology, treatment and evolution. Results: Average age: 40.7 years. 50% had ≥ 4 gestations and 91.6% lactated. Clinical presentation: Palpable abscessed tumor 58.33%, Palpable asymptomatic 25%, Palpable painful 12.5%. Non palpable lesion 4.17%. Average lesion size: 3.5 cm. BIRADS images 4/5: 87.5% Corynebacterium culture 25%. Findings: Intraductal polymorphonuclear cells (IDPMNC) (62.5% ), Cystic vacuoles (50%) (With bacilli in 2 cases). Treatment: Antibiotic therapy 79.1%, Immunosuppression 79.1%, Drainage of abscesses 45.8%. Lumpectomy 41.6%. Resolution time: 5.5 months Diseasefree time: 33.6 months. Recurrences: 31.8%. Conclusions: It should be suspected in any young woman with a breast tumor associated with abscesses, fistulas and/or ulcers. The diagnosis of CNGM and IDPMNC has statistically significant association with recurrence. A multidisciplinary approach and multimodal treatment is essential

Cicatriz queloide gigante / Giant keloid scar

Introducción: La cicatriz queloide forma parte de las cicatrices patológicas por exceso; es una afección que se caracteriza por el depósito excesivo de colágeno en la dermis y tejido celular subcutáneo. El proceso por el cual se desarrolla no es del todo conocido, es más frecuente en la raza negra y afecta en igual proporción a hombres que mujeres. Objetivo: Informar a la comunidad médica sobre experiencia en el manejo y tratamiento con dos pacientes portadores de lesiones queloides de gran tamaño. Caso clínico: Se presentan dos pacientes con cicatriz queloide gigante a partir de ambos lóbulos auriculares y cuello anterior; se expone la conducta terapéutica basada en la combinación de tres modalidades de tratamiento: cirugía; infiltración con acetónido de triamcinolona, 1 ml (40 mg) desde el día del acto quirúrgico, se repitió cada 15 días; junto a presoterapia con crema esteroidea. Conclusiones: Aunque no existe un tratamiento ideal, se debe tener en cuenta al tratar esta enfermedad si se está ante una lesión recidivante, el tiempo de aparición de la tumoración, sus características clínicas; de seleccionarse el tratamiento quirúrgico como opción terapéutica, debe acompañarse de otras modalidades de tratamiento(AU)

Introduction: The keloid scar is part of the pathological scars by excess, is a condition characterized by the excessive deposit of collagen in the dermis and subcutaneous cell tissue, the process by which it develops is not entirely known, it is more frequent in the black race, affects in equal proportion men than women. Objective: To inform the medical community of the experience in handling and treating two patients with large keloid lesions. Clinical case: Two patients with giant keloid scars are presented from both earlobes and anterior neck where therapeutic behavior based on the combination of three treatment modalities is exposed: surgery, triamcinolone acetonide 1 ml (40mg) infiltration beginning on the first day after surgery, repeated every 15 days and pressotherapy with steroid cream. Conclusions: Although there is no ideal treatment, it should be taken into account when treating this disease if we are facing a recurrent injury, the time of onset of the tumor, its clinical characteristics, surgical treatment should be selected as a therapeutic option, accompanied by other forms of treatment(AU)

A large accumulation of avian eggs from the late cretaceous of patagonia (Argentina) reveals a novel nesting strategy in mesozoic birds.

We report the first evidence for a nesting colony of mesozoic birds on Gondwana: a fossil accumulation in Late Cretaceous rocks mapped and collected from within the campus of the National University of Comahue, Neuquén City, Patagonia (Argentina). Here, Cretaceous ornithothoracine birds, almost certainly Enanthiornithes, nested in an arid, shallow basinal environment among sand dunes close to an ephemeral water-course. We mapped and collected 65 complete, near-complete, and broken eggs across an area of more than 55 m(2). These eggs were laid either singly, or occasionally in pairs, onto a sandy substrate. All eggs were found apparently in, or close to, their original nest site; they all occur within the same bedding plane and may represent the product of a single nesting season or a short series of nesting attempts. Although there is no evidence for nesting structures, all but one of the Comahue eggs were half-buried upright in the sand with their pointed end downwards, a position that would have exposed the pole containing the air cell and precluded egg turning. This egg position is not seen in living birds, with the exception of the basal galliform megapodes who place their eggs within mounds of vegetation or burrows. This accumulation reveals a novel nesting behaviour in Mesozoic Aves that was perhaps shared with the non-avian and phylogenetically more basal troodontid theropods.

Cocaínomanía, adicción y embarazo: tres años después / Cocainemania. Addiction and pregnancy: three years later

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 22 años adicta a la cocaína desde la adolescencia, la cual presentó su primer embarazo y parto hace 3 años, y en el que se obtuvo un recién nacido bajo peso de 2 350 g producto de una cesárea con sufrimiento fetal agudo. Durante su gestación mostró rechazo al producto de la concepción, y después de ocurrido el parto mostró cierto interés por su hijo durante los primeros días del puerperio, pero posteriormente este fue rechazado totalmente por ella y comenzó a dejarlo con vecinos y amistades para poder consumir. Se han realizado varios intentos de desintoxicación, pero la paciente los ha rechazado, manifestando que si lo hace “deja de ser ella”. Tuvo un intento suicida. Se logró insertarla en un centro de trabajo, pero tuvo nuevamente la recaída en la que se encuentra en estos momentos, con deterioro de su persona y calidad de vida. El niño se ha mantenido una gran parte del tiempo con vecinos y amistades y en instituciones infantiles. Tiene como características ser muy intranquilo, presentar tartamudez y enuresis diurna, no obedece las órdenes y tiene retardo en algunos procesos intelectuales, poca información general y tampoco logra el control muscular. En sentido general, es un niño necesitado de afecto y aprobación social

Trombocitopenia inducida por heparina / Thrombocytopenia induced by heparin

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino con diagnóstico de trombocitopenia inducida por heparina (TIH). Se trata de un síndrome que puede ser potencialmente fatal y cuyo diagnóstico se basa en un cuadro clínico compatible más la presencia de anticuerpos.

Actualización en técnicas ortodónticas distalizadoras / Upadating on distalization orthodontic techniques

Debido al auge que ha tomado la distalización de sectores posteriores, se decidió profundizar en el tema para dar a conocer las técnicas distalizadoras que se usan actualmente en el mundo. Para ello se realizó una revisión de la bibligrafía sobre el tema que se encontraba en los centros de referencia de la capital e Internet. Se determinó que actualmente son muy usadas las espirales de niquel-titanio (NiTi) en la mayoría de las técnicas distalizadoras modernas, las que resultan más efectivas que los imanes repelentes. No obstante también se han continuado desarrollando las técnicas removibles con éxito(AU)

Due to the growing interest that distalization of distal sectors has aroused, it was decided to delve into this topic to find out the distalization techniques in use worldwide. To this end, a literature review was made in the reference centers of the capital and on Internet. It was determined that at present the NiTi coils are widely used in most of modern distalization techniques since they are more effective than repelling magnets. Nevertheless, successful removable techniques are also being developed(AU)