[Maternal chemoprophylaxis against group B Streptococcus colonization. The consequences of not adopting the international recommendation]. / Quimioprofilaxis para evitar la colonización materna por estreptococo grupo B. Consecuencias de no adoptar la recomendación internacional.

OBJECTIVE: To know the criteria which determine the chemoprophylaxis on pregnant women colonized by Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) and the impact in our environment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis, identifying pregnant women with isolation of Streptococcus agalactiae on screening cultures, cervical swabs and urine culture. Two groups were analyzed, group 1 received chemoprophylaxis, and group 2 without chemoprophylaxis. Chi square was used to asses the difference between proportions. Chi square approximation to Poisson distribution was used to compare the means of neonatal infection. RESULTS: A total of 274 cultures were reported with GBS isolation, on 261 patients; 165 (60.2%) cervical swabs, 109 (39.7%) urine culture and 13 patients from 274 (4.7%) had positive culture on both specimens. Of this 261 patients, 53 (5.6%) received chemoprophylaxis during labor (p<0.05). The CDC criteria were followed accuracy on 29.2%. CONCLUSIONS: There have not been established criteria for screening colonization by GBS in Mexican pregnant women.

Quimioprofilaxis para evitar la colonización materna por estreptococo grupo B: consecuencias de no adoptar la recomendación internacional / Maternal chemoprophylaxis against group B Streptococcus colonization: the consequences of not adopting the international recommendation

OBJETIVO: Conocer el criterio para la quimioprofilaxis en mujeres embarazadas colonizadas con Streptococcus agalactiae (SGB) y las repercusiones de la infección en México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se identificó a mujeres embarazadas con SGB mediante el cultivo cervicovaginal y/o urinario en una revisión de cinco años. Se formaron dos grupos: con uso de quimioprofilaxis, el primero, y sin uso de la misma, el segundo. Con base en la utilización de la prueba de ji cuadrada se determinó la diferencia de proporciones. La aproximación de ji cuadrada para la distribución de Poisson comparó los promedios de la infección neonatal. RESULTADOS: Se notificaron 274 cultivos positivos para SGB en 261 pacientes; 165 (60.2 por ciento) cervicovaginales, 109 (39.7 por ciento) urinarios, y en 13 pacientes (4.7 por ciento) se obtuvo resultado positivo en ambos. De las 261 pacientes, 53 (5.6 por ciento) recibieron profilaxis intraparto (p< 0.05) y 29.2 por ciento se trató de forma correcta según los criterios internacionales. CONCLUSIONES: No existen criterios establecidos para la búsqueda intencionada de SGB en la mujer embarazada mexicana.

OBJECTIVE: To know the criteria which determine the chemoprophylaxis on pregnant women colonized by Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) and the impact in our environment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis, identifying pregnant women with isolation of Streptococcus agalactiae on screening cultures, cervical swabs and urine culture. Two groups were analyzed, group 1 received chemoprophylaxis, and group 2 without chemoprophylaxis. Chi square was used to asses the difference between proportions. Chi square approximation to Poisson distribution was used to compare the means of neonatal infection. RESULTS: A total of 274 cultures were reported with GBS isolation, on 261 patients; 165 (60.2 percent) cervical swabs, 109 (39.7 percent) urine culture and 13 patients from 274 (4.7 percent) had positive culture on both specimens. Of this 261 patients, 53 (5.6 percent) received chemoprophylaxis during labor (p<0.05). The CDC criteria were followed accuracy on 29.2 percent. CONCLUSIONS: There have not been established criteria for screening colonization by GBS in Mexican pregnant women.