Subretinal neovascularization following argon laser photocoagulation treatment for central serous chorioretinopathy: complication or misdiagnosis? 1975.

The diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy is usually confirmed by the fluorescein angiographic finding of one or more pinpoint pigment epithelial leaks in or near a macula with a detached sensory retina. When argon laser photocoagulation is used to treat pigment epithelial leaks, resolution of the leaks occurs with reattachment of the sensory retina. We have seen six patients for whom a diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy was made; argon laser photocoagulation was carried out and subsequently followed by postoperative subretinal neovascularization often accompanied by hemorrhage, exudate and, in some cases, progressive reduction in visual acuity. Since the presentation of this paper to the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology in 1975, we have received photographs and case reports of 21 additional patients. This paper discusses these 27 cases and demonstrates the causes of the postoperative development of subretinal neovascularization

West nile virus occlusive retinal vasculitis.

PURPOSE: To report a case of West Nile virus meningoencephalitis presenting with simultaneous chorioretinitis in the right eye and occlusive retinal vasculitis in the left eye. METHODS: Case report. Main outcome measures included ocular examination, intravenous fluorescence angiography, indocyanine green, color fundus photography, and serologic testing for West Nile virus. RESULTS: A 45-year-old white woman presented with severe loss of vision in the left eye (count fingers at 3 feet) 2 weeks after an episode of hospitalization for fever of unknown origin. Examination showed extensive retinal opacification and edema in the left eye with arteriolar narrowing. Intravenous fluorescence angiography confirmed delayed venous return superiorly, multiple arteriolar occlusions, large area of nonperfusion, and vascular staining and leakage. Indocyanine green highlighted bilateral well-deliniated hypocyanescent choroidal lesions corresponding to the subretinal lesions seen by ophthalmoscopy. Indocyanine green allowed identification of additional lesions that were not initially detected on intravenous fluorescence angiography and ophthalmoscopy. CONCLUSION: Occlusive retinal vasculitis is a rare yet important ocular manifestation of West Nile virus infection. It may occur in young patients without diabetes, and unlike West Nile virus chorioretinitis, it is often associated with poor visual outcome.

Optical coherence tomography reveals retinal degeneration from persistent submacular fluid after pneumatic retinopexy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To report a case of retinal degeneration associated with long-standing submacular fluid. METHODS: Observational case report. RESULTS: A 64-year-old African American woman with hand motion vision was found to have a macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Following an otherwise successful repair by pneumatic retinopexy, a small puddle of subretinal fluid persisted in the macula, limiting her vision to 20/70 at 1 month's time. Refusing further intervention, she experienced visual decline to 20/200 2 months postoperatively due to retinal degeneration seen as progressive retinal thinning and irregularity of the outer neurosensory retina on optical coherence tomography. CONCLUSION: Although the literature suggests that submacular fluid following RRD repair by scleral buckle does not affect visual acuity, persistent submacular fluid may result in progressive retinal degeneration with concomitant vision loss as early as 2 months following repair.