RESUMEN
Dispermic androgenesis was used to produce, for the first time, an androgenetic progeny of the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) and the androgenetic nuclear cytoplasmic hybrids (Siberian sturgeon, A. baerii x Russian sturgeon, A. gueldenstaedtii) using cryopreserved sperm. Microsatellite DNA analysis confirmed exclusively paternal inheritance in the androgenetic progeny of Siberian sturgeon. Heterozygotes for certain microsatellite loci were detected among the androgenetic hybrids, thereby confirming a dispermic nature of androgenesis. According to the data of comparative morphological analysis, the obtained androgenetic hybrid, by the age of 15 months old, was completely identical to the paternal species. Both a female and a male were detected in the androgenetic sturgeon progenies, which is of interest for producing bisexual progenies via androgenesis. The data of this study confirm the feasibility of dispermic androgenesis using cryopreserved sperm to preserve and recover the gene pools of endangered sturgeon species.
Asunto(s)
Quimera/fisiología , Criopreservación , Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Peces/fisiología , Reproducción Asexuada/fisiología , Espermatozoides/fisiología , Animales , Quimera/anatomía & histología , Femenino , Peces/anatomía & histología , Masculino , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/fisiología , Siberia , Espermatozoides/citologíaRESUMEN
A self-review of long-standing studies of induced androgenesis in fish. The data are provided on the induction of diploid androgenesis in teleost fish via blocking the first cleavage division and the development of the method of dispermic androgenesis in sturgeon fish. Androgenetic nucleocytoplasmic hybrids were obtained using the method of dispermic androgenesis and eggs of previously produced true interspecific hybrids. Specific morphological features of androgenetic hybrids were described and dispermic androgenesis was realized using cryopreserved sperm. The mechanism of sex determination in sturgeon fish is discussed with reference to possible us of androgenesis for restoration of rare and disappearing species.
Asunto(s)
Andrógenos/biosíntesis , Quimera , Peces/genética , Peces/metabolismo , Procesos de Determinación del Sexo , Animales , Núcleo Celular/genética , Criopreservación , Citoplasma/genética , ADN/análisis , Masculino , Espermatozoides/metabolismoRESUMEN
Many androgenetic fish hybrids are nonviable due to the disturbed interaction between the foreign nucleus and the cytoplasm. It has been proposed that this incompatibility can be overcome if eggs from interspecific hybrids and sperm from one of the parental species are used for diploid androgenesis. Indeed, the androgenetic progeny obtained as a result of the insemination of the enucleated eggs of goldfish and carp hybrids by the carp spermatozoa proved to be viable and fertile. This approach may be used for reconstitution of the genotypes of rare or disappearing fish species with the help of induced androgenesis, if their native or cryoconserved sperm is available.
Asunto(s)
Carpas/genética , Núcleo Celular/genética , Citoplasma/genética , Carpa Dorada/genética , Andrógenos/genética , Animales , Cruzamiento/métodos , Quimera , Femenino , Fertilización In Vitro/métodos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Diploid gynogenetic progenies were obtained in the stellate sturgeon Acipenser stellatus, Russian sturgeon A. gueldenstaedtii, and sterlet A. ruthenus by means of insemination of the eggs with UV-irradiated spermatozoa and suppression of the second meiotic division by heat shock. The gynogenetic nature of experimental fish was confirmed by RAPD-PCR analysis of DNA. Effective photoreactivation of UV-induced lesions of spermatozoa was shown in the case of illumination of the fertilized eggs with visible light. This phenomenon should be taken into account when determining the doses of irradiation that allow inactivation of the male chromosomes and incubating gynogenetic embryos. Gynogenetic stellate and Russian sturgeons are viable and can be reared in order to study the mechanism of sex determination in sturgeons.