Discovery of aphid-transmitted Rice tiller inhibition virus from native plants through metagenomic sequencing.

A major threat to rice production is the disease epidemics caused by insect-borne viruses that emerge and re-emerge with undefined origins. It is well known that some human viruses have zoonotic origins from wild animals. However, it remains unknown whether native plants host uncharacterized endemic viruses with spillover potential to rice (Oryza sativa) as emerging pathogens. Here, we discovered rice tiller inhibition virus (RTIV), a novel RNA virus species, from colonies of Asian wild rice (O. rufipogon) in a genetic reserve by metagenomic sequencing. We identified the specific aphid vector that is able to transmit RTIV and found that RTIV would cause low-tillering disease in rice cultivar after transmission. We further demonstrated that an infectious molecular clone of RTIV initiated systemic infection and causes low-tillering disease in an elite rice variety after Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation or stable plant transformation, and RTIV can also be transmitted from transgenic rice plant through its aphid vector to cause disease. Finally, global transcriptome analysis indicated that RTIV may disturb defense and tillering pathway to cause low tillering disease in rice cultivar. Thus, our results show that new rice viral pathogens can emerge from native habitats, and RTIV, a rare aphid-transmitted rice viral pathogen from native wild rice, can threaten the production of rice cultivar after spillover.

High-Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor with Dual-Channel Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Photonic Crystal Fiber.

In order to achieve a high-precision synchronous detection of two different refractive index (RI) analytes, a D-type surface plasmon resonance (SPR) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) RI sensor based on two channels is designed in this paper. The sensor uses a D-shaped planar region of the PCF and a large circular air hole below the core as the sensing channels. Surface plasmon resonance is induced by applying a coating of gold film on the surface. The full-vector finite-element method (FEM) is used to optimize the structural parameters of the optical fiber, and the sensing characteristics are studied, including wavelength sensitivity, RI resolution, full width at half maximum (FWHM), figure of merit (FOM), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The results show that the channel 1 (Ch 1) can achieve RI detection of 1.36-1.39 in the wavelength range of 1500-2600 nm, and the channel 2 (Ch 2) can achieve RI detection of 1.46-1.57 in the wavelength range of 2100-3000 nm. The two sensing channels can detect independently or simultaneously measure two analytes with different RIs. The maximum wavelength sensitivity of the sensor can reach 30,000 nm/RIU in Channel 1 and 9900 nm/RIU in Channel 2. The RI resolutions of the two channels are 3.54 × 10-6 RIU and 10.88 × 10-6 RIU, respectively. Therefore, the sensor realizes dual-channel high- and low-RI synchronous detection in the ultra-long wavelength band from near-infrared to mid-infrared and achieves an ultra-wide RI detection range and ultra-high wavelength sensitivity. The sensor has a wide application prospect in the fields of chemical detection, biomedical sensing, and water environment monitoring.

The mediating effects of self-efficacy and study engagement on the relationship between specialty identity and career maturity of Chinese nursing students: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Career maturity is a crucial indicator of career preparedness and unpreparedness can cause the turnover of new nurses. Considerable empirical work demonstrates the potential associations between specialty identity, self-efficacy, study engagement, and career maturity. This study aimed to explore the mediation role of self-efficacy and study engagement on the relationships between specialty identity and career maturity among Chinese nursing students. METHODS: Four hundred twenty-six Chinese nursing students were recruited between September 11 and October 30, 2022. The online survey was conducted following the CHERRIES checklist. Electronic questionnaires assessed their perceived specialty identity, self-efficacy, study engagement, and career maturity. The descriptive analysis, Harman single-factor analysis, Pearson correlation tests, structural equation modeling, and the bootstrap method were employed in data analysis. RESULTS: Bivariate correlation analysis identified a positive correlation between specialty identity, self-efficacy, study engagement, and career maturity (r = 0.276-0.440, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy and study engagement partially mediated the relationship between specialty identity and career maturity. Self-efficacy and study engagement played a chain mediating role between specialty identity and career maturity. CONCLUSIONS: The underlying mechanism can explain the relationships between specialty identity and career maturity: a direct predictor and an indirect effect through self-efficacy and study engagement. Policymakers and educators should emphasize the importance of specialty identity and provide tailored strategies for improving care maturity depending on nursing students' specialty identity, self-efficacy, study engagement in the early stages of career development.

Demethyleneberberine alleviates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia by inhibiting the AIM2 inflammasome and oxidative stress.

BACKGROUND: Acute pneumonia induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is characterized by massive infiltration of inflammatory cell and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to severe and transient pulmonary inflammation and acute lung injury. However, P.aeruginosa infection is resistant to multiple antibiotics and causes high mortality in clinic, the search for alternative prophylactic and therapeutic strategies is imperative. PURPOSE: This study was aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of DMB, a novel derivative of berberine, and explore the role of AIM2 inflammasome in P. aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia. METHODS: Acute pneumonia mice were established by tracheal injection of P. aeruginosa suspension. Pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by its appearance and H&E staining. The lung coefficient ratio was measured to evaluate pulmonary edema. Inflammatory factors were detected by qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. ROS and other indicators of oxidative damage were analyzed by flow cytometry and specific kit. Proteins related to AIM2 inflammasome were detected by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the P. aeruginosa-induced group, DMB ameliorated pulmonary edema, hyperemia, and pathological damage based on its appearance and H&E staining in DMB groups. First, DMB attenuated the inflammatory response induced by P.aeruginosa. Compared with the P. aeruginosa-induced group, the lung coefficient ratio was decreased by 31.5%, the MPO activity of lung tissue was decreased by 44.0%, the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6 were decreased by 64.8%, 51.2% and 64.0% respectively, and those protein expression levels were decreased by 40.1%, 42.8% and 47.8% respectively, and the number of white blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes were decreased by 53.5%, 29.4% and 13.7% in high dose (200 mg/kg) DMB group. Second, DMB alleviates oxidative stress in the lung tissue during P. aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia. Compared with the P. aeruginosa-induced group, the level of GSH was increased by 42.5% and MDA was decreased by 49.5% in high dose DMB group. Moreover, the western blotting results showed that DMB markedly suppressed the expression of AIM2, ASC, Cleaved caspase1 and decreased the secretion of IL-1ß. Additionally, these results were also confirmed by in vitro experiments using MH-S and BEAS-2B cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results indicated that DMB ameliorates P. aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, and inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome activation.

Risk factors for postoperative surgical site infections after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim was to evaluate risk factors for surgical site infections after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The secondary aim was to investigate the surgical site infection incidence rate and the mean time to postoperative surgical site infection symptoms. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched from database inception to September 2021 and updated in April 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Quantitative, original studies reporting potential risk factors for surgical site infections after ACLR were included. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies with 3871 infection events from 469 441 ACLRs met the inclusion criteria. Male sex (OR 1.78, p< 0.00001), obesity (OR 1.82, p=0.0005), tobacco use (OR 1.37, p=0.01), diabetes mellitus (OR 3.40, p=0.002), steroid use history (OR 4.80, p<0.00001), previous knee surgery history (OR 3.63, p=0.02), professional athlete (OR 4.56, p=0.02), revision surgery (OR 2.05, p=0.04), hamstring autografts (OR 2.83, p<0.00001), concomitant lateral extra-articular tenodesis (OR 3.92, p=0.0001) and a long operating time (weighted mean difference 8.12, p=0.005) were identified as factors that increased the risk of surgical site infections (superficial and deep) after ACLR. Age, outpatient or inpatient surgery, bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts or allografts and a concomitant meniscus suture did not increase the risk of surgical site infections. The incidence of surgical site infections after ACLR was approximately 1% (95% CI 0.7% to 1.2%). The mean time from surgery to the onset of surgical site infection symptoms was approximately 17.1 days (95% CI 13.2 to 21.0 days). CONCLUSION: Male sex, obesity, tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, steroid use history, previous knee surgery history, professional athletes, revision surgery, hamstring autografts, concomitant lateral extra-articular tenodesis and a long operation time may increase the risk of surgical site infections after ACLR. Although the risk of surgical site infections after ACLR is low, raising awareness and implementing effective preventions for risk factors are priorities for clinicians to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections due to its seriousness.

High Sensitivity and Wide Range Refractive Index Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Photonic Crystal Fiber.

In order to detect the refractive index (RI) of high refractive index materials such as trichlorobenzene and aniline in the near-infrared and mid-infrared spectra and expand the detection range of the refractive index, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor based on an elliptical sensing channel is proposed for high refractive index detection. The fiber core and the analyte channel are surrounded by two types of air holes with different sizes. When the surface plasmon resonance effect appears at the interface between the fiber core and the elliptical sensing layer, obvious resonance peaks appear in the near-infrared and mid-infrared bands. The full vector finite element method (FEM) is used to study the sensing characteristics of the sensor and the influence of structural parameters on the resonance peak. The results demonstrate that the sensor achieves detection in the refractive index range of 1.41-1.58, in the wavelength range of 1600-3200 nm. The average wavelength sensitivity is 9217.22 nm/RIU, and the refractive index resolution is 10.85 × 10-6 RIU. The proposed sensor realizes high refractive index detection in the near-infrared and mid-infrared bands, and obtains an ultra-wide detection range and higher sensitivity. The sensor has broad application prospects in chemical detection, biomedical sensing and other fields, and provides a theoretical reference for the design of a photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor.

What Factors Are Associated with Symptomatic Rotator Cuff Tears: A Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff tears are common. A previous systematic review reported on factors associated with rotator cuff tears; however, it included relatively few studies and few variables, and in addition, it had considerable heterogeneity. To identify the factors associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears and to help guide clinicians to potentially modifiable factors, we felt a broader and more inclusive meta-analysis would be useful. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we asked what (1) demographic, (2) disease, and (3) imaging factors are associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears? METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched, and the search period were from the inception of each database through February 2021. The keywords included "risk factor," "rotator cuff injury," "rotator cuff tears," and "rotator cuff tendinitis." All comparative studies on symptomatic rotator cuff tears were included. We considered that the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear could be made by any imaging tool (MRI or ultrasound). We considered either partial- or full-thickness tears to be a rotator cuff tear. No language restrictions were applied. Twenty-six articles from 14 countries involving 9809 individuals, consisting of 3164 patients and 6645 controls, were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) scale were used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies, and the highest scores were 9 and 11, respectively. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for retrospective comparative studies, and the AHRQ was used to evaluate prospective comparative studies. The eight retrospective comparative studies we included were scored from 4 to 9. The quality score of the 18 prospective comparative studies ranged from 6 to 9. Publication bias was explored using the Egger test. Heterogeneity was estimated using the I2 value. If there was no heterogeneity (I2 ≤ 50%), a fixed-effects model was used to determine the overall effect size; if there was heterogeneity (I2 > 50%), a random-effects model was used to merge the effect values. A meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3, and the risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference of related factors were calculated. RESULTS: Our meta-analysis identified the following demographic factors associated with an increased risk of rotator cuff tears: older age (mean difference 3.1 [95% CI 1.4 to 4.8]; p < 0.001), greater BMI (mean difference 0.77 [95% CI 0.37 to 1.17]; p < 0.001), smoking (RR 1.32 [95% CI 1.17 to 1.49]; p < 0.001), dominant arm (RR 1.15 [95% CI 1.06 to 1.24]; p < 0.001), greater height (mean difference 0.9 [95% CI 0.4 to 1.4]; p < 0.001), and heavier weight (mean difference 2.24 [95% CI 0.82 to 3.66]; p = 0.002). Regarding disease factors, we found that traumatic events (RR 1.91 [95% CI 1.40 to 2.54]; p < 0.001) and hypertension (RR 1.50 [95% CI 1.32 to 1.70]; p < 0.001) were associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears. Regarding imaging factors, we found that the following three factors were associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears: greater acromion index (mean difference 0.11 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.16]; p < 0.001), greater critical shoulder angle (mean difference 1.9 [95% CI 1.5 to 2.3]; p < 0.001), and smaller glenoid version angle (mean difference -1.3 [95% CI -1.9 to -0.8]; p < 0.001). We found no association between the patient's sex or the presence or absence of thyroid disease and the likelihood of a rotator cuff tear being present. CONCLUSION: This study identified several factors associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears, including blood glucose, blood pressure, weight, and smoking. Clinicians may seek to modify these factors, possibly in patients with symptomatic rotator cuff tears, but also in symptomatic patients who have not yet been diagnosed with rotator cuff tears because there would be no harm or risk associated with modifying any of the factors we identified. Future research should further study whether addressing these factors can delay the progression and size of rotator cuff tears.Level of Evidence Level III, prognostic study.

Salicylic acid-mediated plasmodesmal closure via Remorin-dependent lipid organization.

Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific membrane-lined channels that create cytoplasmic and membrane continuities between adjacent cells, thereby facilitating cell-cell communication and virus movement. Plant cells have evolved diverse mechanisms to regulate PD plasticity in response to numerous environmental stimuli. In particular, during defense against plant pathogens, the defense hormone, salicylic acid (SA), plays a crucial role in the regulation of PD permeability in a callose-dependent manner. Here, we uncover a mechanism by which plants restrict the spreading of virus and PD cargoes using SA signaling by increasing lipid order and closure of PD. We showed that exogenous SA application triggered the compartmentalization of lipid raft nanodomains through a modulation of the lipid raft-regulatory protein, Remorin (REM). Genetic studies, superresolution imaging, and transmission electron microscopy observation together demonstrated that Arabidopsis REM1.2 and REM1.3 are crucial for plasma membrane nanodomain assembly to control PD aperture and functionality. In addition, we also found that a 14-3-3 epsilon protein modulates REM clustering and membrane nanodomain compartmentalization through its direct interaction with REM proteins. This study unveils a molecular mechanism by which the key plant defense hormone, SA, triggers membrane lipid nanodomain reorganization, thereby regulating PD closure to impede virus spreading.

Effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for suicide: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.

Suicidal individuals rarely seek help and receive professional psychological intervention on their initiative. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy(iCBT) can increase availability and reduce stigma compared to face-to-face interventions for suicide.However, conclusions about the effectiveness of iCBT on suicide are controversial. The review aimed to determine the effectiveness of iCBT on reducing suicidal ideation (primary outcomes) and other outcomes related to suicide like suicide attempts(secondary outcomes). PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASEwere searched up to March 2020 for RCTs of iCBT which aimed to reduce suicide.The potential bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data analyses wereperformed by RevMan5.3.Four studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included which reported data on a total of 1225 participants. We found iCBT was associated with reducing an individual's suicidal ideation, and first indications suggest that the treatment effect might be even more pronounced in the short term and in adults.Additionally, there was insufficient evidence to prove its effectiveness in reducing suicide attempts and suicide death.Overall, iCBT can overcome the disadvantages of traditional interventions and show promise on suicidal ideation. While ensuring safety and ethics, further studies are warranted, focusing on suicide specific behavior like suicide attempts.

Psychiatric Distress and Suicidal Tendencies in Adult Cancer Survivors: Verifying the Validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 for Identifying Suicidal Ideation in the Hospitalized Population of Mainland China.

The Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) is widely used to assess psychiatric distress but has not been verified in the Chinese population. From March to April 2019, 293 hospitalized cancer patients, aged 20-87, completed the cross-sectional survey with demographics questionnaire, BSI-18, and PHQ-9. We analyzed the single suicide-related item of PHQ-9 with the full score clinical outpoint for BSI-18 and PHQ-9 using SPSS 22.0 and R 2.15, including Pearson's χ2 test and ROC curve analyses. A Pearson's χ2 test was carried out to compare the three different methods with the gold screening criteria. The p-value was correspondingly to .006, .066, .838. When the PHQ-9 ≥ 10 criteria for the BSI-18, receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that AUC values were 0.839, optimal cut-off points for both BSI-18 ≥ 50, the sensitivity of 85.8%, and 62.5%, respectively. The BSI-18 is suitable for a screening tool for psychological distress and could also be used in clinical settings for preliminary screening of hospitalized cancer patients.

Intra-Articular Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma, Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Associated With Better Outcomes Than Hyaluronic Acid and Saline in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To perform a network meta-analysis to evaluate clinical efficacy and treatment-related adverse events (AEs) of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA), leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP), leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs), and saline (placebo) during 6 and 12 months of follow-up. METHODS: Six databases were searched for randomized controlled trials. Outcome assessment included the visual analog scale (VAS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) pain subscore, WOMAC score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, and treatment-related AEs. Main inclusion criteria were at least one of the aforementioned outcome measurements, a minimum follow-up period of 5 months, and >80% patient follow-up. Treatments combined with the use of other operations or drugs were excluded. RESULTS: Forty-three studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included. At 6 months, VAS scores and WOMAC pain subscores showed that AD-MSCs were the best treatment option (surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA] = 96.7%, SUCRA = 85.3%, respectively). According to WOMAC scores and subjective IKDC scores, LP-PRP was the most effective treatment (SUCRA = 86.0%, SUCRA = 80.5%, respectively). At 12 months, only AD-MSCs were associated with improved VAS scores compared with the placebo (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -20.93, 95% credibility interval [CrI], -41.71 to -0.78). Both LP-PRP and AD-MSCs were more beneficial than the placebo for improving WOMAC pain subscores (WMD = -30.08; 95% CrI, -53.59 to -6.25; WMD = -34.85; 95% CrI, -68.03 to -4.86, respectively). For WOMAC scores, LP-PRP and LR-PRP were significantly associated with improved WOMAC scores compared with the placebo after sensitivity analysis was performed (WMD = -35.26; 95% CrI, -64.99 to -6.01; WMD = -38.69; 95% CrI, -76.21 to -2.76). LP-PRP exhibited relatively better efficacy in improving subjective IKDC scores than the placebo (WMD = 13.67; 95% CrI, 4.05-23.39). Regarding safety, all treatments except for LP-PRP (relative risk = 1.83; 95% CrI, 0.89-4.64) increased treatment-related AEs compared with the placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of current research findings, during 6 months of follow-up, AD-MSCs relieved pain the best; LP-PRP was most effective for functional improvement. During the 12-month follow-up, both AD-MSCs and LP-PRP showed potential clinical pain relief effects; functional improvement was achieved with LP-PRP. Unfortunately, AD-MSC/LP-PRP functional comparisons were only based on WOMAC scores due to missing IKDC scores. BM-MSCs seem to have potentially beneficial effects, but the wide credibility interval makes it impossible to draw a well-supported conclusion. HA viscosupplementation clinical efficacy was lower than that of biological agents during follow-up, which may be related to the properties of the drugs. Considering the evaluation of treatment-related AEs, LP-PRP is the most advisable choice; although the AEs of these treatments are not serious, they may affect treatment compliance and satisfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, meta-analysis of Level I and II studies.

The clinical efficacy of leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the arthroscopic treatment of rotator cuff injury has been reported in the literature. However, conclusions have been inconsistent and more often related to differences in the types of PRP used. Therefore, to minimize these differences, we performed a meta-analysis of only studies investigating leukocyte-poor PRP to evaluate whether PRP promotes and improves the effects of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of leukocyte-poor PRP in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. The available data were extracted, and the methodologic quality of the included studies was evaluated by the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. RESULTS: In total, 10 randomized controlled trials involving 742 patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that treatment with leukocyte-poor PRP performed better than the control treatment in relieving postoperative pain in the short-term (mean difference [MD], -0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.79 to -0.35; P < .0001) and medium- and long-term (MD, -0.18; 95% CI, -0.34 to -0.03; P = .02) follow-up groups. However, the changes in the MD in the visual analog scale score were below the minimal clinically important difference. Regarding the Constant shoulder (MD, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.68-5.02; P < .0001) and University of California, Los Angeles (MD, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.94-2.52; P < .0001) scores, statistically significant differences were found in favor of leukocyte-poor PRP over the control treatment. However, the changes in the MD in both the Constant and University of California, Los Angeles scores were below the minimal clinically important difference. Moreover, during medium- and long-term follow-up, the retear rate in the leukocyte-poor PRP group was lower than that in the control group regardless of the rotator cuff tear size (small and medium [<3 cm] [risk ratio (RR), 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.97; P = .03] vs. medium and large [>3 cm] [RR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.34-0.77; P = .001]) and surgical repair method (single-row repair [RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43-0.87; P = .007] vs. double-row suture bridge repair [RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.38-0.84; P = .005]). CONCLUSION: According to our study, leukocyte-poor PRP can significantly reduce the postoperative retear rate in the medium and long term regardless of the tear size and the method used for rotator cuff repair. However, the use of leukocyte-poor PRP failed to show clinically meaningful effects in terms of postoperative pain and patient-reported outcomes.

First case report of Cryptococcus laurentii knee infection in a previously healthy patient.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this case report was to report a case of Cryptococcus laurentii infection in the left knee of a previously healthy 29 year old male patient. CASE PRESENTATION: After an initial misdiagnosis and 7 months of failed treatment, the patient received nearly a month of treatment with voriconazole (200 mg IV q12 h) and knee irrigation with amphotericin B until the infection was controlled. The treatment continued with fluconazole for nearly 7 months and approximately 5 weeks of antibiotic treatment for a skin bacterial coinfection. In the end, the patient's symptoms disappeared completely, the left knee recovered well, and there was no recurrence of infection. CONCLUSION: The key points of successful treatment in this case were the thorough debridement, the adequate course of knee irrigation with antifungal drugs and more than 6 months of oral antifungal drugs that were able to eradicate the infection.

Experiences of front-line nurses combating coronavirus disease-2019 in China: A qualitative analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiences of front-line nurses combating the coronavirus disease-2019 epidemic. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: Fifteen front-line nurses caring for COVID-19 patients were recruited from two hospitals in Wuhan, China from January 26 to February 5, 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed using standard qualitative methods. RESULTS: Four theme categories emerged from the data analysis: (a) "Facing tremendous new challenges and danger"; (b) "Strong pressure because of fear of infection, exhaustion by heavy workloads and stress of nursing seriously ill COVID-19 patients"; (c) "Strong sense of duty and identity as a healthcare provider"; (d) "Rational understanding of the epidemic-the nurses believed that the epidemic would soon be overcome and would like to receive disaster rescue training." CONCLUSIONS: Although the intensive rescue work drained front-line nurses, both physically and emotionally, they showed a spirit of dedication and felt a responsibility to overcome this epidemic. Their experiences provide useful insights into implementing a safer public health emergency rescue system in preparation for future outbreaks of infectious diseases. Specifically, psychological support and humanistic care should be provided to front-line nurses to maintain their well-being, and nationwide emergency rescue training and disaster education should be implemented.

Inpatient Suicide Second Victim Experience and Support Tool: Psychometric properties of a scale for nurses who experienced inpatient suicide at Chinese general hospitals.

This study describes a psychometric scale, the Inpatient Suicide Second Victim Experience and Support Tool, for evaluating physical and psychological distress with a focus on resources for supporting the needs of nursing professionals. Our study defines "second victim" as a nurse who experiences inpatient suicide while on shift. We conducted a cross-sectional study among non-psychiatric nurses to examine the psychometrics of the scale. A total of 731 participants were recruited from eight Chinese general hospitals for this research. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to examine the reliability and validity of the scale. The results indicated adequate indices resulting in 21 items. The final structure for the scale was categorized into five domains: psychosomatic distress, support from family and friends, work-related support, organizational support, and professional self-efficacy. The total variance explained was 69.06%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.869 overall, and ranged from 0.626 to 0.914 for the five dimensions. The test-retest reliability of 0.792 for the entire scale was also acceptable. The scale shows promise for use by healthcare organizations to identify second victims and promote necessary organizational support interventions in Chinese hospitals.

Meta-analysis Comparing Platelet-Rich Plasma vs Hyaluronic Acid Injection in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the use of PRP and HA in KOA patients were retrieved from each database from the establishment date to April 2018. Outcome measurements were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analog scale (VAS), International Knee Documentation Committee, and Lequesne Index scores and adverse events. The pooled data were evaluated with Review Manager 5.3.5. RESULTS: Fifteen RCTs (N = 1,314) were included in our meta-analysis. The present meta-analysis indicated that PRP injections reduced pain more effectively than HA injections in patients with KOA at six and 12 months of follow-up, as evaluated by the WOMAC pain score; the VAS pain score showed a significant difference at 12 months. Moreover, better functional improvement was observed in the PRP group, as demonstrated by the WOMAC function score at three, six, and 12 months. Additionally, PRP injections did not display different adverse event rates compared with HA injections. CONCLUSION: In terms of long-term pain relief and functional improvement, PRP injections might be more effective than HA injections as a treatment for KOA. The optimal dosage, the timing interval and frequency of injections, and the ideal treatment for different stages of KOA remain areas of concern for future investigations.

Relationship of Suicidal Ideation With Demoralization, Depression, and Anxiety: A Study of Cancer Patients in Mainland China.

Demoralization is a form of psychological distress that may cause suicidal ideation. Demoralization syndrome is common among cancer patients, but there has been little empirical study on the association of suicidal ideation with demoralization, depression, and anxiety in this population. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of high demoralization among cancer patients in mainland China and the contribution of high demoralization to suicidal ideation beyond the impact of self-report depression and anxiety. In this cross-sectional study, 303 patients with cancer were invited to complete questionnaires. In total, 14.5% participants reported suicidal ideation and 49.50% high demoralization. Logistic regression analysis identified high demoralization as an independent risk factor for suicidal ideation. Only depression (odds ratio [OR], 6.68) had a stronger influence on suicidal ideation than demoralization (OR, 5.85), and patients with both depression and high demoralization were most likely to experience suicidal ideation. These findings suggest that measures of demoralization can help identify cancer patients at high suicide risk and that such patients require further attention and measures targeting demoralization for suicide prevention.

Complete nucleotide sequence of jasmine virus H, a new member of the family Tombusviridae.

Jasmine virus H (JaVH) is a novel virus associated with symptoms of yellow mosaic on jasmine. The JaVH genome is 3,867 nt in length with five open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a 27-kDa protein (ORF 1), an 87-kDa replicase protein (ORF 2), two centrally located movement proteins (ORF 3 and 4), and a 37-kDa capsid protein (ORF 5). Based on genomic and phylogenetic analysis, JaVH is predicted to be a member of the genus Pelarspovirus in the family Tombusviridae.

The efficacy and safety of knotless barbed sutures in total joint arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: The knotless barbed sutures (KBS) are an innovative type of suture that can accelerate the placement of sutures and eliminate knot tying. Whether the KBS are safe and efficient in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate its efficacy and safety. METHODS: Randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to October 2017. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess methodological quality. The statistical analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3.5 software. RESULTS: A total of five RCTs (600 participants) were included in our meta-analysis. The results showed that KBS reduced wound suture time (MD - 4.51, 95% CI - 5.37 to - 3.66, P < 0.00001) and the wound suture cost (MD - 282.63, 95% CI - 445.32 to - 119.95, P < 0.00001), and did not significantly increase the rate of complications (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.42-1.39, P = 0.13) or intraoperative events (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.04-17.28, P = 0.92). There were no significant differences in ROM at postoperative 6 weeks and 3 months (MD - 0.74, 95% CI - 4.19 to 2.71, P = 0.67; MD - 0.30, 95% CI - 2.62 to 2.02, P = 0.80; respectively). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that KBS are a safe and effective method for TJA. Given the possible biases, adequately powered and better designed studies with longer follow-up are required to reach a firmer conclusion.

Illness perception, risk perception and health promotion self-care behaviors among Chinese patient with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional survey.

AIM: To explore illness perception and perceived risk of developing diabetes complications in relation to health-promoting self-care behaviors among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. BACKGROUND: Illness and risk perceptions are important determinants of various health behaviors. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the impacts of these two constructs on self-care among diabetic patients. METHODS: Data were collected on participants' characteristics, illness perception, risk perception, and health-promoting self-care behaviors over 6months among 304 subjects from three general hospitals. RESULTS: Significant associations between illness perception and risk perception were observed. Illness perception and/or risk perception explained an independent, small but significant proportion of the variance in each health-promoting self-care behavior. CONCLUSION: One's perceptions of illness and future risk might be influential in understanding health-promoting self-care among diabetic patients. It may be useful to improve self-management by tailoring intervention content to individuals' illness-related perceptions.