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Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common form of thyroid cancer and is characterized by its tendency for lymphatic metastasis, leading to a poor prognosis. Tetraspanin 1 (TSPAN1) is a member of the tetra-transmembrane protein superfamily and has been implicated in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis in various studies. However, the role of TSPAN1 in PTC tumor development remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of TSPAN1 on PTC cell behavior. Our results demonstrate that knockdown of TSPAN1 inhibits PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while overexpression of TSPAN1 has the opposite effect. These findings suggest that TSPAN1 might play a role in the tumorigenesis and invasiveness of PTC. Mechanistically, we found that TSPAN1 activates the ERK pathway by increasing its phosphorylation, subsequently leading to upregulated expression of c-Myc. Additionally, we observed that TSPAN1-ERK-c-Myc axis activation promotes glycolytic activity in PTC cells, as evidenced by the upregulation of glycolytic genes such as LDHA. Taken together, our findings indicate that TSPAN1 acts as an oncogene in PTC by regulating glycolytic metabolism. This discovery highlights the potential of TSPAN1 as a promising therapeutic target for PTC treatment. Further research in this area could provide valuable insights into the development of targeted therapies for PTC patients.
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MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Humanos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Cáncer Papilar Tiroideo/patología , Carcinogénesis/genética , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Tetraspaninas/genética , Tetraspaninas/metabolismo , Movimiento Celular/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , MicroARNs/genéticaRESUMEN
Biofilms formed by pathogenic or spoilage microorganisms have become serious issues in the dairy industry, as this mode of life renders such microorganisms highly resistant to cleaning-in-place (CIP) procedures, disinfectants, desiccation, and other control strategies. The advent of omics techniques, especially the integration of different omics tools, has greatly improved our understanding of the features of microbial biofilms, and provided in-depth knowledge on developing effective methods that are directly against deleterious biofilms. This review provides novel insights into the single use of each omics tool and the application of multiomics tools to unravel the mechanisms of biofilm formation, specific molecular phenotypes exhibited by biofilms, and biofilm control strategies. Challenges and future perspective on the integration of omics tools for biofilm studies are also addressed.
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Desinfectantes , Multiómica , Animales , Biopelículas , Industria Lechera/métodosRESUMEN
AIMS: Thermophilic spoilage bacteria and their biofilms formed during milk powder processing posed threats to safety and quality of dairy products. This research aims to understand more about the bacterial behaviours and their social models in biofilms. METHODS AND RESULTS: Interactional effects from both extracellular metabolites and co-culture on biofilms formation of the contaminating thermophilic bacteria were determined. The results showed that strong biofilm formers always had high AI-2 activities, including Geobacillus stearothermophilus gs1, Bacillus licheniformis bl1 and Thermoactinomyces vulgaris tv1. Metabolites from themself or other species altered their biofilm biomass detected by crystal violet staining. Dual-species cultures observed by confocal laser scanning microscope indicated either synergistic or inhibitory effects between B. circulans bc1 and G. stearothermophilus gs1, as well as B. licheniformis bl1 and G. stearothermophilus gs1. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry results revealed the significant diversities in polysaccharides of the biofilm matrix. CONCLUSIONS: Cell communication played an important role on biofilm formation in the complex microbial community. Intraspecific and interspecific extracellular metabolites influenced collective bacterial behaviours under mixed circumstances. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: This research provided evidences on cell communication and biofilm formation of thermophilic bacteria in dairy industry.
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Violeta de Genciana , Leche , Animales , Bacterias , Biopelículas , Leche/microbiología , PolvosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Terminal differentiation-induced ncRNA (TINCR) plays an essential role in epidermal differentiation and is involved in the development of various cancers. METHODS: qPCR was used to detect the expression level of TINCR in tissues and cell lines of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The potential targets of TINCR were predicted by the bioinformation website. The expression of miR-210 and BTG2 genes were detected by qPCR, and the protein levels of BTG2 and Ki-67 were evaluated by western blot. CCK-8 assay, scratch test, and transwell chamber were used to evaluate the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis ability of LSCC cells. The relationships among TINCR, miR-210, and BTG2 were investigated by bioinformatics software and luciferase reporter assay. The in vivo function of TINCR was accessed on survival rate and tumor growth in nude mice. RESULTS: We used qRT-PCR to detect the expression of TINCR in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues and cells and found significantly lower levels in cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues. Additionally, patients with high TINCR expression had a better prognosis. TINCR overexpression was observed to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells. TINCR was shown to exert its antiproliferation and invasion effects by adsorbing miR-210, which significantly promoted the proliferation and invasion of laryngeal squamous cells. Overexpression of miR-210 was determined to reverse the tumour-suppressive effects of TINCR. BTG2 (anti-proliferation factor 2) was identified as the target gene of miR-210, and BTG2 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells. BTG2 knockdown relieved the inhibitory effects of TINCR on the proliferation and invasion of LSCC. Finally, TINCR upregulation slowed xenograft tumour growth in nude mice and significantly increased survival compared with control mice. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that TINCR inhibits the proliferation and invasion of LSCC by regulating the miR-210/BTG2 pathway, participates in cell cycle regulation, and may become a target for the treatment of LSCC.
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MicroARNs/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Animales , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , TransfecciónRESUMEN
Modern food processing environment provides an ideal condition for biofilms formation by foodborne and spoilage microorganisms on different food contact surfaces. It is widely acknowledged that biofilm has become a serious problem in the food industry, as the biofilm growth mode induces microbial resistance to chemical disinfection. The persistence of biofilms after cleaning and disinfection procedures may result in foodborne illness and food spoilage, emphasizing the importance of preventing biofilms in food production facilities. The use of conventional disinfection technologies alone may not help to achieve the goal of producing safe food products with high quality. Hurdle technology provides a great option for the effective control of biofilms formed on food contact surfaces. Thus, a better understanding of biofilm behavior in response to different disinfectants, as well as seeking potential hurdle technologies to control biofilms are essential. In this review, we discuss the factors that influence the efficiency of disinfectants, and elaborate possible mechanisms which are behind the apparent high antimicrobial resistance of biofilms, and as well as mechanisms which are involved in effective hurdle technologies to control biofilms.
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Desinfectantes , Biopelículas , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Industria de Alimentos , Microbiología de Alimentos , TecnologíaRESUMEN
Attachment of microorganisms to food contact surfaces and the subsequent formation of biofilms may cause equipment damage, food spoilage and even diseases. Mixed-species biofilms are ubiquitous in the food industry and they generally exhibit higher resistance to disinfectants and antimicrobials compared to single-species biofilms. The physiology and metabolic activity of microorganisms in mixed-species biofilms are however rather complicated to study, and despite targeted research efforts, the potential role of mixed-species biofilms in food industry is still rather unexplored. In this review, we summarize recent studies in the context of bacterial social interactions in mixed-species biofilms, resistance to disinfectants, detection methods, and potential novel strategies to control the formation of mixed-species biofilms for enhanced food safety and food quality.
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Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Microbiología de Alimentos/métodos , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , HumanosRESUMEN
RNA sequencing was used to reveal transcriptional changes during the motile-to-sessile switch in high and low biofilm-forming dairy strains of B. licheniformis isolated from Chinese milk powders. A significant part of the whole gene content was affected during this transition in both strains. In terms of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, seven metabolic pathways were significantly downregulated in the planktonic state compared to the biofilm state in both strains. Lipid and sugar metabolism seemed to play an important role in matrix production. Several genes involved in adhesion, matrix production and the matrix coating were either absent or less expressed in the biofilm state of the low biofilm producer compared to the high biofilm producer. Genes related to sporulation and the production of extracellular polymeric substances were concomitantly expressed in the biofilm state of both strains. These comprehensive insights will be helpful for future research into mechanisms and targets.
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Bacillus licheniformis/aislamiento & purificación , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , ARN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Bacillus licheniformis/genética , China , Microbiología de Alimentos , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Leche/microbiología , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN , TranscriptomaRESUMEN
Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro are two most well-known food-derived bioactive peptides, initially identified as inhibitors of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) from a sample of sour milk. These two peptides were identified in fermented and enzymatic hydrolyzed cow and non-cow (that is, goat, sheep, buffalo, yak, camel, mare, and donkey) milk, as well as sourdough prepared from wheat, rye, and malt. Similar to other bioactive peptides, bioavailability of these peptides is low (about 0.1%), reaching picomolar concentration in human plasma; they showed blood pressure lowering activity in animals and in human, via improved endothelial function, activation of ACE2, and anti-inflammatory property. Emerging bioactivities of these two peptides toward against metabolic syndrome and bone-protection received limited attention, but may open up new applications of these peptides as functional food ingredients. Further studies are warranted to determine the best source as well as to identify novel enzymes (particularly from traditional fermented milk products) to improve the efficiency of production, to characterize possible peptide receptors using a combination of omics technology with molecular methods to understand if these two peptides act as signal-like molecules, to improve their bioavailability, and to explore new applications based on emerging bioactivities.
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BACKGROUND We investigated the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in finasteride-induced hypospadias rats and explored the mechanisms involved. MATERIAL AND METHODS The hypospadias model was established by intragastric administration of finasteride and confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The urethral plate fibroblasts (UPF) were obtained from normal and modeled rats and identified based upon vimentin expression. Thereafter, UPF were divided into a normal control group, a model group, a model + MAPK inhibitor group, and a model + ERK inhibitor group. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycling of UPF were assessed. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate expression of the MAPK signaling pathway and apoptosis-related genes. RESULTS HE staining confirmed that 10 mg/kg finasteride caused severe hypospadias in rats. UPFs obtained from the 10 mg/kg finasteride group showed higher proliferation and cell cycling and lower apoptosis compared with those obtained from the normal control group (P<0.05). Interestingly, a MAPK inhibitor or an ERK inhibitor could attenuate the abnormalities of cell proliferation, cycling, and apoptosis of UPF induced by finasteride. Compared with controls, the relative expression of p-MEK1/MEK1, caspase 3, and P53 in the UPF of the model group were reduced, while the relative expression of p-MAPK14/MAPK14 was increased in the cells of the model group. By contrast, a MAPK inhibitor or an ERK inhibitor could alleviate the abnormalities of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and apoptosis-related gene expression induced by finasteride. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycling of UPFs in finasteride-induced hypospadias.
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Hipospadias/fisiopatología , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/fisiología , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/fisiología , Animales , Apoptosis , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/fisiología , Finasterida/farmacología , Hipospadias/metabolismo , Masculino , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Ratas , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Uretra/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to unveil insights into the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the development of volatile compounds and metabolites during the dough fermentation in making Chinese steamed bread. Changes in gluten structure under the influence of baker's yeast were studied using scanning electron micrographs (SEM). A unique aroma profile was found comprising some previously reported aromatic compounds and some unreported aromatic aldehydes ((E)-2-Decenal and 2-Undecenal) and ketones (2-Heptanone and 2-Nonanone) in the baker's yeast fermentation. Among metabolites, the most preferred sugar for this yeast (glucose) showed a significant decrease in contents during the initial few hours of the fermentation and at last an increase was observed. However, most of the amino acids increased either slightly or decreased by the fermentation time. SEM of fermented dough showed that the yeast had a very little effect on starch stability. This study provided some fermentation features of the bakers' yeast which could be used for the tailored production of steamed bread.
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A biofilm is a complex assemblage of microbial communities adhered to a biotic or an abiotic surface which is embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Many transcriptional regulators play a role in triggering a motile-sessile switch and in consequently producing the biofilm matrix. This review is aimed at highlighting the role of two nucleotide signaling molecules (c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP), toxin antitoxin modules and a novel transcriptional regulator BolA in biofilm formation in various bacteria. In addition, it highlights the common themes that have appeared in recent research regarding the key regulatory components and signal transduction pathways that help Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to acquire the biofilm mode of life.
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Bacillus subtilis/fisiología , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , GMP Cíclico/análogos & derivados , Fosfatos de Dinucleósidos/metabolismo , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/fisiología , Transducción de Señal , Bacillus subtilis/genética , GMP Cíclico/genética , GMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Fosfatos de Dinucleósidos/genética , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genéticaRESUMEN
The antioxidant effects of the triterpenoid-rich extracts from Euryale ferox shell (ES) have been confirmed in vitro. This study examined whether the triterpenoid-rich extract from ES eases human hyperglycemia and diabetes caused by metabolic disorders. Normal and streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were used as controls for the four groups that received the triterpenoid-rich extracts of ES suspended in distilled water orally at doses of 200, 300, 400, 500±2 mg/L. Body weight, blood glucose and pancreatic tissue morphology were observed after 4 weeks. The expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) and insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) proteins, which are related to the regulation of glucose metabolism in vivo, were also investigated. Compared with the model group (LD50 900±2 mg/L), it was found that the triterpenoid-rich extracts of ES could regulate glucose metabolism (P<0.01) and cause body weight to return to normal levels (P<0.05). Islet morphology recovered well, the expression of the negative regulation protein PTP1B gene was reduced and insulin receptor IRS-1 protein expression was increased. These data prove that the triterpenoid-rich extracts from ES have a therapeutic effect on diabetes by insulin resistance.
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Nymphaeaceae , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Triterpenos/farmacología , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Proteínas Sustrato del Receptor de Insulina/fisiología , Masculino , Ratones , Proteína Tirosina Fosfatasa no Receptora Tipo 1/fisiología , EstreptozocinaRESUMEN
The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of a triterpenoid-rich extract from the Euryale shell (ES) was analyzed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Normal and diabetic mice treated with glimepiride were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Body weight, organ weight index and cholesterol-related lipid profile parameters were observed after 4 weeks. The hypoglycemic activity was assessed by fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) to calculate the insulin sensitivity index (ISI). In addition, the potentially regulative mechanisms on insulin resistance were discussed. The results indicated that a triterpenoid-rich extract of ES could inhibit reduction in the body weight of diabetic mice and regulate glucose metabolism. The hypolipidemic action after this extract supplementation was confirmed by significant (p<0.05) decreases in the levels of cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides and increase in HDL compared with the untreated diabetic mice, especially when using a high dose, which suggested that the ES extract could effectively reverse the abnormal enlargement of the liver and spleen (p<0.01). The present data suggest that the triterpenoid-rich extract from the ES has both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects that can not only help cure and manage diabetes but also improve insulin resistance (IR).
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Hipolipemiantes/uso terapéutico , Plantas Medicinales/química , Triterpenos/farmacología , Animales , Glucemia/metabolismo , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/sangre , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Hipolipemiantes/química , Insulina/sangre , Resistencia a la Insulina , Lípidos/sangre , Masculino , Ratones , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Semillas/química , Triterpenos/químicaRESUMEN
Due to epilepsy, children have faced several difficulties and challenges. Epilepsy shows an impact on a person quality of life (QoL) which can be associated with psychological, physical, and social aspects and can have a greater impact on the QoL of the person than that do through another chronic disease(s). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multidimensional concept that includes emotional, mental, physical, behavioral, and social aspects of the well-being and functioning of the patients. The objective of the study was to assess the level of HRQoL for childhood epilepsy in Chinese children under treatment for epilepsy. Also, to identify factors that can affect QoL. A descriptive, cross-sectional, parents-responded questionnaire-based study was performed on 382, 4 to 18 years old hospitalized and outpatient units' children from various backgrounds, varying socio-economic status, and of varying intellectual capability with the most recent epilepsy. The clinical and socio-demographic parameters were collected from medical records and by an interview with parents of children. The quality of life in the children with epilepsy (QoLCE) questionnaire-91 was used to access HRQoL. The average age of children was 10.4â ±â 3.2 years. The duration of epilepsy in children was 3.90â ±â 2.80 years. Among the enrolled children, 153 (40%) children were girls, and 229 (60%) individuals were boys. The overall QoLCE questionnaire-91 score was 69.40â ±â 16.40 (minimum scores: 27.80, maximum scores: 87.80). A total of 324 (84%), 41 (11%), and 17 (5%) children were from urban, suburban, and rural types, respectively. The generalized seizure (198 (52%)) is the most common type of existing seizure followed by focal seizure (152 (40%)). Male (Pâ =â .015), older children (12-14 years, Pâ =â .019), those residing in urban areas (Pâ =â .021), and those with focal seizures (Pâ =â .049) had higher QoL scores. The overall QoL of Chinese CWE is affected by sex, age, urbanization, and seizure type but not with education or economic status of the families. The study provides helpful insight for the clinicians in the management of chronic childhood epileptic conditions (Level of Evidence: II; Technical Efficacy Stage: 5).
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Epilepsia , Calidad de Vida , Femenino , Humanos , Niño , Masculino , Adolescente , Preescolar , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Cuidadores , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Epilepsia/psicología , Padres/psicología , Convulsiones , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Compound eyes are high-performing natural optical perception systems with compact configurations, generating extensive research interest. Existing compound eye systems are often combinations of simple uniform microlens arrays; there are still challenges in making more ommatidia on the compound eye surface to focus to the same plane. Here, a biomimetic gradient compound eye is presented by artificially mimicking dragonflies. The multiple replication process efficiently endows compound eyes with the gradient characteristics of dragonfly compound eyes. Experimental results show that the manufactured compound eye allows multifocus imaging by virtue of the gradient ommatidium array arranged closely in a honeycomb pattern while ensuring excellent optical properties and compact configurations. Thousands of ommatidia showing a gradient trend at the millimeter scale while remaining relatively uniform at the micron scale have gradient focal lengths ranging from 260 to 450 µm. This gradient compound eye allows more ommatidia to focus on the same plane than traditional uniform compound eyes, which have experimentally been shown to capture more than 1100 in-plane clear images simultaneously, promising potential applications in micro-optical devices, optical imaging, and biochemical sensing.
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Odonata , Dispositivos Ópticos , Animales , Biomimética , Imagen ÓpticaRESUMEN
Obesity-induced adipose chronic inflammation is closely related to the development of insulin resistance and T2DM. Tripeptides l-valyl-l-prolyl-l-proline (VPP) and l-isoleucyl-l-prolyl-L-proline (IPP) derived from bovine casein have been reported to prevent inflammatory changes and mitigate insulin resistance in adipocytes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of casein hydrolysates (CH) containing VPP and IPP on a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and cytokine TNF-α-induced adipocytes. Our data showed that CH alleviated chronic inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. 4% CH suppressed HFD-induced systemic inflammatory factors, hypertrophic white adipocytes, and macrophage infiltration. More importantly, CH was able to improve adipocyte dysfunction induced by TNF-α by increasing the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBP-α) rather than peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ). Furthermore, CH also dose-dependently suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and enhanced the phosphorylation of Erk 1/2, but not nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 phosphorylation, in TNF-α-induced 3T3-L1 cells. These results indicated that CH could ameliorate adipose chronic inflammation through the MAPK pathway. Altogether, our findings suggested that 4% CH supplementation for 6 weeks exerted a protective role in preventing obesity-related inflammation and adipose dysfunction.
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Resistencia a la Insulina , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos , Ratones , Animales , Bovinos , Caseínas/farmacología , Ratones Obesos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Obesidad/metabolismo , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Células 3T3-L1RESUMEN
Pedestrian avoidance behavior often occurs in underground public spaces that connect urban rail transit and commercial complexes. This study proposes a co-monitoring method based on eye movement and electroencephalogram (EEG) to study pedestrian avoidance behavior in a real environment, taking the underground public space of the commercial complex of the Luoxiong Road railway station in Wuhan City as an experimental site. It is found that pedestrian avoidance behavior is influenced by both personal and environmental factors. The pedestrian avoidance behavior is a comprehensive response to the evaded person and the current environment. The personal factors mainly affect the pedestrian avoidance mode, while the environmental factors mainly affect the frequency of avoidance behavior. Avoidance patterns are related to the tendency of Chinese pedestrians to walk right, and the frequency of avoidance behavior is related to the complexity of the intersection of pedestrian walking routes within the environment, so avoidance behavior can be reduced by using spaces with good spatial connectivity in the design of underground public spaces. These findings provide theoretical support and data supplement for future environmental design optimization of underground public spaces.
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting surgical intervention in pediatric intussusception after hydrostatic reduction. Methods: Children with intussusception who had treated with sonographically guided saline hydrostatic reduction as an initial treatment were enrolled in this study. The enrolled patients were randomly selected for training and validation sets, and the split ratio was 7:3. The medical records of enrolled patients were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into a surgery and a non-surgery group according to the results of the nonsurgical reduction. A model for predicting the risk of surgical treatment was virtualized by the nomogram using logistic regression analysis. Results: The training set consisted of 139 patients and the validation set included 74. After logistic regression analysis using training set, duration of symptoms, bloody stools, white blood cells (WBCs), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), long-axis diameter, poor prognostic signs by ultrasound and mental state were identified as the independent predictors of surgical intervention for intussusception. A model that incorporated the above independent predictors was developed and presented as a nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram in the validation set was 0.948 (95% CI, 0.888-1.000). The calibration curve demonstrated a good agreement between prediction and observation. The decision curve analysis (DCA) curve showed that the model achieved a net benefit across all threshold probabilities. Conclusion: Based on the predictors of duration of symptoms, bloody stools, WBCs, CK-MB, long-axis diameter, poor prognostic signs by ultrasound and mental state, we developed a nomogram for predicting surgical intervention after hydrostatic reduction. This nomogram could be applied directly to facilitate pre-surgery decision for pediatric intussusception.
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Exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics could induce the biofilm formation of microorganisms, but its underlying mechanisms still remain elusive. In the present work, biofilm formation by Salmonella Typhimurium M3 was increased when in the presence of tetracycline at sub-MIC, and the highest induction was observed with tetracycline at 1/8 MIC. The integration of RNA-sequencing and untargeted metabolomics was applied in order to further decipher the potential mechanisms for this observation. In total, 439 genes and 144 metabolites of S. Typhimurium M3 were significantly expressed after its exposure to 1/8 MIC of tetracycline. In addition, the co-expression analysis revealed that 6 genes and 8 metabolites play a key role in response to 1/8 MIC of tetracycline. The differential genes and metabolites were represented in 12 KEGG pathways, including five pathways of amino acid metabolism (beta-alanine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism), three lipid metabolism pathways (biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid degradation, and fatty acid biosynthesis), two nucleotide metabolism pathways (purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism), pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and ABC transporters. Metabolites (anthranilate, indole, and putrescine) from amino acid metabolism may act as signaling molecules to promote the biofilm formation of S. Typhimurium M3. The results of this work highlight the importance of low antimicrobial concentrations on foodborne pathogens of environmental origin.
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Multiómica , Salmonella typhimurium , Triptófano , Biopelículas , Antibacterianos/toxicidad , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Tetraciclina/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Hepaticojejunostomy anastomosis (HJA) is the most challenging aspect in single-port laparoscopic choledochal cystectomy and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (SPCH) in children, especially in small-diameter anastomoses (diameters less than 5 mm), which are more susceptible to anastomotic stricture. We developed the continuous submucosal technique for HJA (CS-HJA) to lessen postoperative complications. The purpose of this study is to introduce our preliminary experiences with CS-HJA. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all available clinical data of children who underwent SPCH surgery between March 2020 and October 2022. We operated with CS-HJA on 10 children who were diagnosed with small-diameter hepaticojejunostomy (diameter less than 5 mm). Data collection mainly included demographic information, imaging data, perioperative details, and postoperative outcomes. Ten patients were included in this study. The average patient age was 55.2 months; the age range was 3 to 120 months, and the average weight was 11.6 kg; male-female ratio was 1:9. The choledocho had fusiform dilatation in five cases and cystic dilatation in five cases. There was no dilatation of the left and right hepatic ducts or intrahepatic bile ducts in all patients. All patients had no dilatation of the left and right hepatic ducts or intrahepatic bile ducts. All patients underwent a single-port laparoscopic bile-intestinal anastomosis using a submucosal jejunal anastomosis technique. Analysis of the duration of the bile-intestinal anastomosis, the length of the child's stay in the hospital after surgery, the intraoperative complications, and the postoperative complications was performed. RESULTS: All the 10 patients underwent successful SPCH by CS-HJA technique. The average length of time for hepaticojejunostomy ranged from 22 to 40 minutes, and the postoperative hospital stay was 5.2 to 9.2 days. There were no instances of bile leakage following the operation. At 17 to 30 months of follow-up, there was no abdominal pain or jaundice, and the reexamination of transaminases, bilirubin, and amylase were normal. Ultrasonography showed no bile duct stricture or dilated bile ducts, and the incision is elegant, and the families of the patients were satisfied. CONCLUSION: In SPCH surgery in children, the CS-HJA technique is safe and feasible for small-diameter hepaticojejunostomy.