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1.
Appl Intell (Dordr) ; 51(4): 2353-2376, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34764558

RESUMEN

The lightning search algorithm (LSA) is a novel meta-heuristic optimization method, which is proposed in 2015 to solve constraint optimization problems. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the applications, variants, and results of the so-called LSA. In LSA, the best-obtained solution is defined to improve the effectiveness of the fitness function through the optimization process by finding the minimum or maximum costs to solve a specific problem. Meta-heuristics have grown the focus of researches in the optimization domain, because of the foundation of decision-making and assessment in addressing various optimization problems. A review of LSA variants is displayed in this paper, such as the basic, binary, modification, hybridization, improved, and others. Moreover, the classes of the LSA's applications include the benchmark functions, machine learning applications, network applications, engineering applications, and others. Finally, the results of the LSA is compared with other optimization algorithms published in the literature. Presenting a survey and reviewing the LSA applications is the chief aim of this survey paper.

2.
Biomimetics (Basel) ; 9(7)2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39056840

RESUMEN

The recently introduced coati optimization algorithm suffers from drawbacks such as slow search velocity and weak optimization precision. An enhanced coati optimization algorithm called CMRLCCOA is proposed. Firstly, the Sine chaotic mapping function is used to initialize the CMRLCCOA as a way to obtain better-quality coati populations and increase the diversity of the population. Secondly, the generated candidate solutions are updated again using the convex lens imaging reverse learning strategy to expand the search range. Thirdly, the Lévy flight strategy increases the search step size, expands the search range, and avoids the phenomenon of convergence too early. Finally, utilizing the crossover strategy can effectively reduce the search blind spots, making the search particles constantly close to the global optimum solution. The four strategies work together to enhance the efficiency of COA and to boost the precision and steadiness. The performance of CMRLCCOA is evaluated on CEC2017 and CEC2019. The superiority of CMRLCCOA is comprehensively demonstrated by comparing the output of CMRLCCOA with the previously submitted algorithms. Besides the results of iterative convergence curves, boxplots and a nonparametric statistical analysis illustrate that the CMRLCCOA is competitive, significantly improves the convergence accuracy, and well avoids local optimal solutions. Finally, the performance and usefulness of CMRLCCOA are proven through three engineering application problems. A mathematical model of the hypersonic vehicle cruise trajectory optimization problem is developed. The result of CMRLCCOA is less than other comparative algorithms and the shortest path length for this problem is obtained.

3.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 7945, 2024 Apr 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38575704

RESUMEN

The growing demand for solar energy conversion underscores the need for precise parameter extraction methods in photovoltaic (PV) plants. This study focuses on enhancing accuracy in PV system parameter extraction, essential for optimizing PV models under diverse environmental conditions. Utilizing primary PV models (single diode, double diode, and three diode) and PV module models, the research emphasizes the importance of accurate parameter identification. In response to the limitations of existing metaheuristic algorithms, the study introduces the enhanced prairie dog optimizer (En-PDO). This novel algorithm integrates the strengths of the prairie dog optimizer (PDO) with random learning and logarithmic spiral search mechanisms. Evaluation against the PDO, and a comprehensive comparison with eighteen recent algorithms, spanning diverse optimization techniques, highlight En-PDO's exceptional performance across different solar cell models and CEC2020 functions. Application of En-PDO to single diode, double diode, three diode, and PV module models, using experimental datasets (R.T.C. France silicon and Photowatt-PWP201 solar cells) and CEC2020 test functions, demonstrates its consistent superiority. En-PDO achieves competitive or superior root mean square error values, showcasing its efficacy in accurately modeling the behavior of diverse solar cells and performing optimally on CEC2020 test functions. These findings position En-PDO as a robust and reliable approach for precise parameter estimation in solar cell models, emphasizing its potential and advancements compared to existing algorithms.

4.
Biomimetics (Basel) ; 9(3)2024 Feb 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38534819

RESUMEN

A method for the approximate merging of disk Wang-Ball (DWB) curves based on the modified snake optimizer (BEESO) is proposed in this paper to address the problem of difficulties in the merging of DWB curves. By extending the approximate merging problem for traditional curves to disk curves and viewing it as an optimization problem, an approximate merging model is established to minimize the merging error through an error formulation. Considering the complexity of the model built, a BEESO with better convergence accuracy and convergence speed is introduced, which combines the snake optimizer (SO) and three strategies including bi-directional search, evolutionary population dynamics, and elite opposition-based learning. The merging results and merging errors of numerical examples demonstrate that BEESO is effective in solving approximate merging models, and it provides a new method for the compression and transfer of product shape data in Computer-Aided Geometric Design.

5.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 8660, 2024 04 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38622177

RESUMEN

Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economic development of a nation, but, growth of agriculture is affected badly by the many factors one such is plant diseases. Early stage prediction of these disease is crucial role for global health and even for game changers the farmer's life. Recently, adoption of modern technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and deep learning concepts has given the brighter light of inventing the intelligent machines to predict the plant diseases before it is deep-rooted in the farmlands. But, precise prediction of plant diseases is a complex job due to the presence of noise, changes in the intensities, similar resemblance between healthy and diseased plants and finally dimension of plant leaves. To tackle this problem, high-accurate and intelligently tuned deep learning algorithms are mandatorily needed. In this research article, novel ensemble of Swin transformers and residual convolutional networks are proposed. Swin transformers (ST) are hierarchical structures with linearly scalable computing complexity that offer performance and flexibility at various scales. In order to extract the best deep key-point features, the Swin transformers and residual networks has been combined, followed by Feed forward networks for better prediction. Extended experimentation is conducted using Plant Village Kaggle datasets, and performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, and F1-rating, are evaluated and analysed. Existing structure along with FCN-8s, CED-Net, SegNet, DeepLabv3, Dense nets, and Central nets are used to demonstrate the superiority of the suggested version. The experimental results show that in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-rating, the introduced version shown better performances than the other state-of-art hybrid learning models.


Asunto(s)
Recuerdo Mental , Reconocimiento en Psicología , Agricultura , Algoritmos , Enfermedades de las Plantas
6.
Biomimetics (Basel) ; 9(3)2024 Mar 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38534871

RESUMEN

The Artificial Electric Field Algorithm (AEFA) stands out as a physics-inspired metaheuristic, drawing inspiration from Coulomb's law and electrostatic force; however, while AEFA has demonstrated efficacy, it can face challenges such as convergence issues and suboptimal solutions, especially in high-dimensional problems. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a modified version of AEFA, named mAEFA, which leverages the capabilities of Lévy flights, simulated annealing, and the Adaptive s-best Mutation and Natural Survivor Method (NSM) mechanisms. While Lévy flights enhance exploration potential and simulated annealing improves search exploitation, the Adaptive s-best Mutation and Natural Survivor Method (NSM) mechanisms are employed to add more diversity. The integration of these mechanisms in AEFA aims to expand its search space, enhance exploration potential, avoid local optima, and achieve improved performance, robustness, and a more equitable equilibrium between local intensification and global diversification. In this study, a comprehensive assessment of mAEFA is carried out, employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative measures, on a diverse range of 29 intricate CEC'17 constraint benchmarks that exhibit different characteristics. The practical compatibility of the proposed mAEFA is evaluated on five engineering benchmark problems derived from the civil, mechanical, and industrial engineering domains. Results from the mAEFA algorithm are compared with those from seven recently introduced metaheuristic algorithms using widely adopted statistical metrics. The mAEFA algorithm outperforms the LCA algorithm in all 29 CEC'17 test functions with 100% superiority and shows better results than SAO, GOA, CHIO, PSO, GSA, and AEFA in 96.6%, 96.6%, 93.1%, 86.2%, 82.8%, and 58.6% of test cases, respectively. In three out of five engineering design problems, mAEFA outperforms all the compared algorithms, securing second place in the remaining two problems. Results across all optimization problems highlight the effectiveness and robustness of mAEFA compared to baseline metaheuristics. The suggested enhancements in AEFA have proven effective, establishing competitiveness in diverse optimization problems.

7.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 3436, 2024 02 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38341482

RESUMEN

To identify risk factors for smoking among pregnant women, and adverse perinatal outcomes among pregnant women. A case-control study of singleton full-term pregnant women who gave birth at a university hospital in Jordan in June 2020. Pregnant women were divided into three groups according to their smoking status, active, passive, and non-smokers. They were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire that included demographic data, current pregnancy history, and neonatal outcomes. Low-level maternal education, unemployment, secondary antenatal care, and having a smoking husband were identified as risk factors for smoke exposure among pregnant women. The risk for cesarean section was ninefold higher in nulliparous smoking women. Women with low family income, those who did not receive information about the hazards of smoking, unemployed passive smoking women, and multiparty raised the risk of neonatal intensive care unit admission among active smoking women. This risk increased in active and passive women with lower levels of education, and inactive smoking women with low family income by 25 times compared to women with a higher level of education. Smoking is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Appropriate preventive strategies should address modifiable risk factors for smoking during pregnancy.


Asunto(s)
Cesárea , Resultado del Embarazo , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Fumar/efectos adversos , Parto
8.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 15558, 2024 Jul 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38969676

RESUMEN

The energy management (EM) solution of the multi-microgrids (MMGs) is a crucial task to provide more flexibility, reliability, and economic benefits. However, the energy management (EM) of the MMGs became a complex and strenuous task with high penetration of renewable energy resources due to the stochastic nature of these resources along with the load fluctuations. In this regard, this paper aims to solve the EM problem of the MMGs with the optimal inclusion of photovoltaic (PV) systems, wind turbines (WTs), and biomass systems. In this regard, this paper proposed an enhanced Jellyfish Search Optimizer (EJSO) for solving the EM of MMGs for the 85-bus MMGS system to minimize the total cost, and the system performance improvement concurrently. The proposed algorithm is based on the Weibull Flight Motion (WFM) and the Fitness Distance Balance (FDB) mechanisms to tackle the stagnation problem of the conventional JSO technique. The performance of the EJSO is tested on standard and CEC 2019 benchmark functions and the obtained results are compared to optimization techniques. As per the obtained results, EJSO is a powerful method for solving the EM compared to other optimization method like Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO), Dandelion Optimizer (DO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and the standard Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JSO). The obtained results reveal that the EM solution by the suggested EJSO can reduce the cost by 44.75% while the system voltage profile and stability are enhanced by 40.8% and 10.56%, respectively.

9.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 14173, 2024 Jun 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38898067

RESUMEN

Deploying distributed generators (DGs) supplied by renewable energy resources poses a significant challenge for efficient power grid operation. The proper sizing and placement of DGs, specifically photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs), remain crucial due to the uncertain characteristics of renewable energy. To overcome these challenges, this study explores an enhanced version of a meta-heuristic technique called the prairie dog optimizer (PDO). The modified prairie dogs optimizer (mPDO) incorporates a novel exploration phase inspired by the slime mold algorithm (SMA) food approach. The mPDO algorithm is proposed to analyze the substantial effects of different dynamic load characteristics on the performance of the distribution networks and the designing of the PV-based and WT-based DGs. The optimization problem incorporates various operational constraints to mitigate energy loss in the distribution networks. Further, the study addresses uncertainties related to the random characteristics of PV and WT power outputs by employing appropriate probability distributions. The mPDO algorithm is evaluated using cec2020 benchmark suit test functions and rigorous statistical analysis to mathematically measure its success rate and efficacy while considering different type of optimization problems. The developed mPDO algorithm is applied to incorporate both PV and WT units, individually and simultaneously, into the IEEE 69-bus distribution network. This is achieved considering residential, commercial, industrial, and mixed time-varying voltage-dependent load demands. The efficacy of the modified algorithm is demonstrated using the standard benchmark functions, and a comparative analysis is conducted with the original PDO and other well-known algorithms, utilizing various statistical metrics. The numerical findings emphasize the significant influence of load type and time-varying generation in DG planning. Moreover, the mPDO algorithm beats the alternatives and improves distributed generators' technical advantages across all examined scenarios.

10.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 1496, 2024 01 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38233479

RESUMEN

Plant image analysis is a significant tool for plant phenotyping. Image analysis has been used to assess plant trails, forecast plant growth, and offer geographical information about images. The area segmentation and counting of the leaf is a major component of plant phenotyping, which can be used to measure the growth of the plant. Therefore, this paper developed a convolutional neural network-based leaf counting model called LC-Net. The original plant image and segmented leaf parts are fed as input because the segmented leaf part provides additional information to the proposed LC-Net. The well-known SegNet model has been utilised to obtain segmented leaf parts because it outperforms four other popular Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, namely DeepLab V3+, Fast FCN with Pyramid Scene Parsing (PSP), U-Net, and Refine Net. The proposed LC-Net is compared to the other recent CNN-based leaf counting models over the combined Computer Vision Problems in Plant Phenotyping (CVPPP) and KOMATSUNA datasets. The subjective and numerical evaluations of the experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the LC-Net to other tested models.


Asunto(s)
Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Redes Neurales de la Computación , Geografía , Desarrollo de la Planta , Hojas de la Planta
11.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 4660, 2024 Feb 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38409189

RESUMEN

The effective meta-heuristic technique known as the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) has shown its proficiency. However, due to its reliance on the alpha wolf for guiding the position updates of search agents, the risk of being trapped in a local optimal solution is notable. Furthermore, during stagnation, the convergence of other search wolves towards this alpha wolf results in a lack of diversity within the population. Hence, this research introduces an enhanced version of the GWO algorithm designed to tackle numerical optimization challenges. The enhanced GWO incorporates innovative approaches such as Chaotic Opposition Learning (COL), Mirror Reflection Strategy (MRS), and Worst Individual Disturbance (WID), and it's called CMWGWO. MRS, in particular, empowers certain wolves to extend their exploration range, thus enhancing the global search capability. By employing COL, diversification is intensified, leading to reduced solution stagnation, improved search precision, and an overall boost in accuracy. The integration of WID fosters more effective information exchange between the least and most successful wolves, facilitating a successful exit from local optima and significantly enhancing exploration potential. To validate the superiority of CMWGWO, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted. A wide array of 23 benchmark functions, spanning dimensions from 30 to 500, ten CEC19 functions, and three engineering problems are used for experimentation. The empirical findings vividly demonstrate that CMWGWO surpasses the original GWO in terms of convergence accuracy and robust optimization capabilities.

12.
PLoS One ; 18(9): e0291788, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37729190

RESUMEN

Controlling the air-fuel ratio system (AFR) in lean combustion spark-ignition engines is crucial for mitigating emissions and addressing climate change. In this regard, this study proposes an enhanced version of the Aquila optimizer (ImpAO) with a modified elite opposition-based learning technique to optimize the feedforward (FF) mechanism and proportional-integral (PI) controller parameters for AFR control. Simulation results demonstrate ImpAO's outstanding performance compared to state-of-the-art algorithms. It achieves a minimum cost function value of 0.6759, exhibiting robustness and stability with an average ± standard deviation range of 0.6823±0.0047. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test confirms highly significant differences (p<0.001) between ImpAO and other algorithms. ImpAO also outperforms competitors in terms of elapsed time, with an average of 43.6072 s per run. Transient response analysis reveals that ImpAO achieves a lower rise time of 1.1845 s, settling time of 3.0188 s, overshoot of 0.1679%, and peak time of 4.0371 s compared to alternative algorithms. The algorithm consistently achieves lower error-based cost function values, indicating more accurate control. ImpAO demonstrates superior capabilities in tracking the desired input signal compared to other algorithms. Comparative assessment with recent metaheuristic algorithms further confirms ImpAO's superior performance in terms of transient response metrics and error-based cost functions. In summary, the simulation results provide strong evidence of the exceptional performance and effectiveness of the proposed ImpAO algorithm. It establishes ImpAO as a reliable and superior solution for optimizing the FF mechanism-supported PI controller for the AFR system, surpassing state-of-the-art algorithms and recent metaheuristic optimizers.


Asunto(s)
Águilas , Animales , Algoritmos , Benchmarking , Cambio Climático , Simulación por Computador
13.
PLoS One ; 18(5): e0286060, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37235627

RESUMEN

This paper discusses the merging of two optimization algorithms, atom search optimization and particle swarm optimization, to create a hybrid algorithm called hybrid atom search particle swarm optimization (h-ASPSO). Atom search optimization is an algorithm inspired by the movement of atoms in nature, which employs interaction forces and neighbor interaction to guide each atom in the population. On the other hand, particle swarm optimization is a swarm intelligence algorithm that uses a population of particles to search for the optimal solution through a social learning process. The proposed algorithm aims to reach exploration-exploitation balance to improve search efficiency. The efficacy of h-ASPSO has been demonstrated in improving the time-domain performance of two high-order real-world engineering problems: the design of a proportional-integral-derivative controller for an automatic voltage regulator and a doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbine systems. The results show that h-ASPSO outperformed the original atom search optimization in terms of convergence speed and quality of solution and can provide more promising results for different high-order engineering systems without significantly increasing the computational cost. The promise of the proposed method is further demonstrated using other available competitive methods that are utilized for the automatic voltage regulator and a doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbine systems.


Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Ingeniería , Simulación por Computador
14.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 14591, 2023 Sep 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37667015

RESUMEN

The supply-demand-based optimization (SDO) is among the recent stochastic approaches that have proven its capability in solving challenging engineering tasks. Owing to the non-linearity and complexity of the real-world IEEE optimal power flow (OPF) in modern power system issues and like the existing algorithms, the SDO optimizer necessitates some enhancement to satisfy the required OPF characteristics integrating hybrid wind and solar powers. Thus, a SDO variant namely leader supply-demand-based optimization (LSDO) is proposed in this research. The LSDO is suggested to improve the exploration based on the simultaneous crossover and mutation mechanisms and thereby reduce the probability of trapping in local optima. The LSDO effectiveness has been first tested on 23 benchmark functions and has been assessed through a comparison with well-regarded state-of-the-art competitors. Afterward, Three well-known constrained IEEE 30, 57, and 118-bus test systems incorporating both wind and solar power sources were investigated in order to authenticate the performance of the LSDO considering a constraint handling technique called superiority of feasible solutions (SF). The statistical outcomes reveal that the LSDO offers promising competitive results not only for its first version but also for the other competitors.

15.
Arch Comput Methods Eng ; : 1-28, 2023 Jun 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37359742

RESUMEN

Aquila Optimizer (AO) is a well-known nature-inspired optimization algorithm (NIOA) that was created in 2021 based on the prey grabbing behavior of Aquila. AO is a population-based NIOA that has demonstrated its effectiveness in the field of complex and nonlinear optimization in a short period of time. As a result, the purpose of this study is to provide an updated survey on the topic. This survey accurately reports on the designed enhanced AO variations and their applications. In order to properly assess AO, a rigorous comparison between AO and its peer NIOAs is conducted over mathematical benchmark functions. The experimental results show the AO provides competitive outcomes.

16.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 14877, 2023 09 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37689757

RESUMEN

Mortality from breast cancer (BC) is among the top causes of cancer death in women. BC can be effectively treated when diagnosed early, improving the likelihood that a patient will survive. BC masses and calcification clusters must be identified by mammography in order to prevent disease effects and commence therapy at an early stage. A mammography misinterpretation may result in an unnecessary biopsy of the false-positive results, lowering the patient's odds of survival. This study intends to improve breast mass detection and identification in order to provide better therapy and reduce mortality risk. A new deep-learning (DL) model based on a combination of transfer-learning (TL) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed in this study to adequately facilitate the automatic detection and diagnosis of the BC suspicious region using the 80-20 method. Since DL designs are modelled to be problem-specific, TL applies the knowledge gained during the solution of one problem to another relevant problem. In the presented model, the learning features from the pre-trained networks such as the squeezeNet and DenseNet are extracted and transferred with the features that have been extracted from the INbreast dataset. To measure the proposed model performance, we selected accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) as our metrics of choice. The classification of mammographic data using the suggested model yielded overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and AUC values of 99.236%, 98.8%, 99.1%, 96%, and 0.998, respectively, demonstrating the model's efficacy in detecting breast tumors.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Mamografía , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Área Bajo la Curva , Benchmarking , Redes Neurales de la Computación
17.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 14441, 2023 Sep 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37660198

RESUMEN

Customer churn remains a critical challenge in telecommunications, necessitating effective churn prediction (CP) methodologies. This paper introduces the Enhanced Gradient Boosting Model (EGBM), which uses a Support Vector Machine with a Radial Basis Function kernel (SVMRBF) as a base learner and exponential loss function to enhance the learning process of the GBM. The novel base learner significantly improves the initial classification performance of the traditional GBM and achieves enhanced performance in CP-EGBM after multiple boosting stages by utilizing state-of-the-art decision tree learners. Further, a modified version of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) using the consumption operator of the Artificial Ecosystem Optimization (AEO) method to prevent premature convergence of the PSO in the local optima is developed to tune the hyper-parameters of the CP-EGBM effectively. Seven open-source CP datasets are used to evaluate the performance of the developed CP-EGBM model using several quantitative evaluation metrics. The results showed that the CP-EGBM is significantly better than GBM and SVM models. Results are statistically validated using the Friedman ranking test. The proposed CP-EGBM is also compared with recently reported models in the literature. Comparative analysis with state-of-the-art models showcases CP-EGBM's promising improvements, making it a robust and effective solution for churn prediction in the telecommunications industry.

18.
Biomimetics (Basel) ; 8(3)2023 Jul 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37504182

RESUMEN

This study proposes an adaptable, bio-inspired optimization algorithm for Multi-Agent Space Exploration. The recommended approach combines a parameterized Aquila Optimizer, a bio-inspired technology, with deterministic Multi-Agent Exploration. Stochastic factors are integrated into the Aquila Optimizer to enhance the algorithm's efficiency. The architecture, called the Multi-Agent Exploration-Parameterized Aquila Optimizer (MAE-PAO), starts by using deterministic MAE to assess the cost and utility values of nearby cells encircling the agents. A parameterized Aquila Optimizer is then used to further increase the exploration pace. The effectiveness of the proposed MAE-PAO methodology is verified through extended simulations in various environmental conditions. The algorithm viability is further evaluated by comparing the results with those of the contemporary CME-Aquila Optimizer (CME-AO) and the Whale Optimizer. The comparison adequately considers various performance parameters, such as the percentage of the map explored, the number of unsuccessful runs, and the time needed to explore the map. The comparisons are performed on numerous maps simulating different scenarios. A detailed statistical analysis is performed to check the efficacy of the algorithm. We conclude that the proposed algorithm's average rate of exploration does not deviate much compared to contemporary algorithms. The same idea is checked for exploration time. Thus, we conclude that the results obtained for the proposed MAE-PAO algorithm provide significant advantages in terms of enhanced map exploration with lower execution times and nearly no failed runs.

19.
Heliyon ; 9(6): e17133, 2023 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37484335

RESUMEN

This study assessed the impact of gross domestic product (GDP), education, natural resources, remittances, and financial inclusion on carbon emissions in G-11 countries from 1990 to 2021. Based on the negative impact of pollution and the need for sustainable development, this study examined factors affecting CO2 emissions in G-11 countries using non-linear panel ARDL model. The study found that a positive GDP shock increases CO2 emissions in the short and long term, while a negative shock decreases emissions in the short term and increases emissions in the long term. Education was found to increase CO2 emissions in the long term but decrease them in the short term, emphasizing the need for education on combating emissions. Natural resources were also found to increase emissions in the long term, highlighting the need for government-defined institutions to minimize extraction effects and enforce transparency and accountability. Positive changes in personal remittances and financial inclusion were found to increase emissions in both the short and long term, suggesting the need for policies that encourage renewable energy sources and energy efficiency improvement. The study concludes that policymakers should prioritize efficient resource allocation, promote renewable energy usage, and enhance environmental awareness to achieve sustainable development goals in G-11 countries. The possible applications of this study include the use of the models to investigate the asymmetric effects on CO2 emissions. This model can be applied in future studies to examine the relationship between GDP, education, natural resources, personal remittances, financial inclusion, and CO2 emissions in other countries.

20.
Heliyon ; 9(5): e16105, 2023 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37229163

RESUMEN

Water is a precious resource for agriculture and most of the land is irrigated by tube wells. Diesel engines and electricity-operated pumps are widely used to fulfill irrigation water requirements; such conventional systems are inefficient and costly. With rising concerns about global warming, it is important to choose renewable energy source. In this study, SPVWPS has been optimally designed considering the water requirement, solar resources, tilt angle and orientation, losses in both systems and performance ratio. A PVSyst and SoSiT simulation tools were used to perform simulation analysis of the designed solar photovoltaic WPS. After designing and performance analysis, farmers were interviewed during fieldwork to assess socioeconomic impacts. In the result section, performance of PV system is analyzed at various tilt angles and it is established that system installed at a 15° tilt angle is more efficient. The annual PV array virtual energy at MPP of designed photovoltaic system is 33342 kWh and the annual energy available to operate the WPS is 23502 kWh. Module array mismatch and ohmic wiring losses are 374.16 kWh and 298.83 kWh, respectively. The total annual water demand of the selected site is 80769 m³ and designed SPWPS pumped 75054 m³ of water, supplying 92.93% of the irrigation demand. The normalized values of the effective energy, system losses, collection losses and unused energy in the SPVWP system are 2.6 kW/kWp/day, 0.69 kW/kWp/day, 0.72 kW/kWp/day and 0.48 kW/kWp/day, respectively. The annual average performance ratio of the proposed system is 74.62%. The results of the interviews showed that 70% of farmers are extremely satisfied with the performance of SPVWPS and 84% of farmers indicated that they did not incur any operating costs. The unit cost of the SPWPS is 0.17 €/kWh, which is 56.41% and 19.04% less expensive than the cost of diesel and grid electricity.

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